PENGEMBANGAN MODEL INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN GIZI

Irwan Budiono(1),


(1) Gedung F1, Lantai 2, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, 50229

Abstract

Kemajuan pembangunan gizi dapat diukur dengan Indeks Pembangunan Gizi (IPG). Perlu pengembangan instrumen IPG untuk menilai dan memetakan kemajuan pembangunan gizi yang dicapai oleh kabupaten atau kota. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimana pengembangan model indeks pembangunan gizi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan  model indeks pembangunan gizi. Metode penelitian survei dilakukan di kota dan Kabupaten Semarang. Pengkajian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan melalui FGD, serta eksplorasi pendapat pakar untuk pengembangan instrumen. Penelitian kuantitatif untuk mengkontruksi instrumen dan pengukuran IPG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan IPG terdiri dari 4 dimensi utama yaitu status gizi, konsumsi energi dan zat gizi, keamanan pangan, serta gaya hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata IPG Kota Semarang sebesar 0,701 (kategori sedang), dengan rata-rata tiap dimensi adalah : status gizi 0,947 (baik), konsumsi energi dan zat gizi 0,458 (kurang), keamanan pangan 0,729 (sedang), gaya hidup 0,672 (sedang). Rata-rata IPG Kabupaten Semarang sebesar 0,652 (sedang), dengan rata-rata tiap dimensi adalah : status gizi 0,979 (baik), konsumsi energi dan zat gizi 0,474 (kurang), keamanan pangan 0,833 (baik), gaya hidup 0,322 (kurang). Simpulan penelitian menunjukkan rendahnya indeks dimensi gaya hidup (khususnya di Kabupaten Semarang) sehingga perlunya Komunikasi Informasi dan Edukasi (KIE) gizi lebih intensif.

 

Nutritional development progress can be measured by Nutrition Development Index (NDI). It is necessary for NDI development to assess and mapping the nutritional development progress achieved by a county. Research problem was how develop the nutrition development index nutrition development index model. Research purpose was to develop the nutrition development index nutrition development index model in Semarang districts Assessment used qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative research was used by focus group discussions (FGD) and expert opinion exploration to develop the instrument. Quantitative research was used to construct instruments, and NDI measurement. The results showed four main dimensions of IPG were nutritional status, energy and nutrients consumption, food safety, and lifestyle. The results showed an average of IPG of Semarang city was 0.701 (medium category). The average of each dimension: 0.947 nutritional status (good), the consumption of energy and nutrients 0,458 (approximately), food safety 0.729 (medium), 0.672 lifestyle (moderate). The average of IPG Semarang District was 0.652 (medium). The average of each dimension was 0.979 nutritional status (good), the consumption of energy and nutrients 0.474 (approximately), 0,833 food safety (good), lifestyle 0.322 (approximately). Conclusion, index lifestyle dimensional was low (especially in Semarang District), so need Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) about nutrition more intensive.

Keywords

Nutrition; Development; Index

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