The Protection for Citizen During Outbreaks: The Emergency Status During Covid-19 in the Perspective of Indonesian Constitutional Law
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Published
Mar 31, 2023
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Abstract
The aim of this research is to contribute novel insights into the emergency measures mandated by the Indonesian government. Employing normative research without a conceptual orientation, the study delves into the transformative developments in Indonesia that have influenced the application of law, particularly in the realm of state administration law during emergencies. This involves two key components: the legal framework, encompassing constitutional and legislative provisions for emergencies, and the operational framework, which includes organizational structures and strategic plans for managing emergencies. In response to the initial developments, the government is compelled to implement a lockdown, as dictated by the principles of emergency state administration law. The execution of a lockdown necessitates resolute action and collaborative efforts from all stakeholders. Moreover, it is imperative to impose limitations on lockdown measures through legal norms, such as a presidential decree, to prevent arbitrary exercise of power by the government. A comprehensive understanding of these dynamics is crucial for the effective functioning of the country.
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Fachriza, A. I., & Pan, M. L. (2023). The Protection for Citizen During Outbreaks: The Emergency Status During Covid-19 in the Perspective of Indonesian Constitutional Law. The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education, 5(1), 1-38. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijicle.v5i1.65720
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Research Article
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The copyrights of the article in Indonesian J. Int'l Clinical Leg. Educ. is on the Author(s), however, before publishing, it is required to obtain written confirmation from Author(s) in order to ensure the originality (Author Statement of Originality). The statement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who have obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. This work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0). All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the views of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions.
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Arsil, Fitra, and Qurrata Ayuni. "Model Pengaturan Kedaruratan dan Pilihan Kedaruratan Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 50.2 (2020): 423-446.
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Ayuni, Qurrata, et al. "Concept and Implementation on the State of Emergency in Indonesia: Outlook to Strengthen Checks and Balances during Crisis." Revista de Investigações Constitucionais 9 (2022): 11-36.
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Bjørnskov, Christian, and Stefan Voigt. "Why do governments call a state of emergency? On the determinants of using emergency constitutions." European Journal of Political Economy 54 (2018): 110-123.
Bustomi, Yazid. "Conflict Between Health Law and Territorial Quarantine Law Regarding the Provision of COVID-19 Vaccine." Unnes Law Journal 7, no. 1 (2021): 153-166.
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Di Domenico, Laura, et al. "Impact of lockdown on COVID-19 epidemic in Île-de-France and possible exit strategies." BMC medicine 18, no. 1 (2020): 1-13.
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Dynesia, Tessa Septy. "The Effectiveness of Indonesian Government Assistance in Handling and Breaking Covid-19 Chains." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 2, no. 3 (2020): 245-256.
Dzulfaroh, Ahmad Naufal. “Handling Epidemic Coronavirus in Singapore, Vietnam, and Taiwan...", https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/03/05/151519765/melihat-penanganan-wabah-viruscorona-di-singapura-vietnam-dan-taiwan?page=all#page4, (Accessed at 9 December 2022).
Effendi, Orien. "Dynamics of Application of Salus Populi Suprema Lex Esto in Law Enforcement in Indonesia." UNTAG Law Review 5, no. 2 (2021): 38-48.
Farrés Juste, Oriol. "Salus populi suprema lex." Revista de Bioética y Derecho 50 (2020): 5-17.
Fauci, Anthony S., H. Clifford Lane, and Robert R. Redfield. "Covid-19—navigating the uncharted." New England Journal of Medicine 382, no. 13 (2020): 1268-1269.
Gandasari, Dyah, and Diena Dwidienawati. "Content analysis of social and economic issues in Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic." Heliyon 6, no. 11 (2020).
Haitami, Muzakir, and Alya Rengganis. "The Dilemma of Good Governance Implementation in Indonesia during the Pandemic of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19)." JASSP 1, no. 1 (2021): 55-67.
Hantoro, Novianto Murti. "Evaluasi Kerangka Hukum Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Darurat (Evaluation of the Legal Framework for Handling the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Perspective of Emergency Constitutional Law)." Negara Hukum: Membangun Hukum untuk Keadilan dan Kesejahteraan 12, no. 2 (2021): 201-222.
Harris, Rahadyan Fajar, and Natalia Carolina Simanjuntak. "Implementation of The Siracusa Principles as Foundations for Reformulation of Social Restriction Policies in Public Health Emergencies." Unnes Law Journal 8, no. 1 (2022): 39-64.
Herdiana, Dian. "Implementasi Kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) Sebagai Upaya Penanggulangan Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19)." Decision: Jurnal Administrasi Publik 2, no. 2 (2020).
Herman, Herman, et al. "Community Legal Education about Criminal Policies in the Context of Post-Covid 19 Pandemic Economic Recovery in Mokoau Village, Kendari City." Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Legal Community Engagement) JPHI 6, no. 1 (2023): 49-68.
Humaira, Sajida, Ali Safaat, and Muhammad Dahlan. "Status Darurat Penanggulangan Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Darurat." Thesis. (Malang: Universitas Brawijaya, 2021).
International Health Regulation 2005.
Ivanka, Namira. "Large-scale Social Restrictions: What's Next?." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 2, no. 2 (2020): 201-214.
Iwa Kusuma Sumantri, Ilmu Hukum dan Keadilan (Jakarta: Pena, 1956).
Kumala, Ratna Desinta Mega. "Legal Analysis of Government Policy on Large Scale Social Restrictions in Handling Covid-19." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 2, no. 2 (2020): 181-200.
Lev, Daniel S. "The State and Law Reform in Indonesia." Law reform in Developing and Transitional States. (London: Routledge, 2006), pp. 236-267.
Lutfiyah, Khoirum. "Hoax and Fake News During Covid-19: Is the Law Effective in Overcoming It?." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 2, no. 3 (2020): 345-360.
Merow, Cory, and Mark C. Urban. "Seasonality and uncertainty in global COVID-19 growth rates." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 44 (2020): 27456-27464.
Ministry Communication and Informatics RI, "Government Launches Site Official Covid-19", https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/25170/pemerintah-luncurkan-situs-resmi-covid-19/0/berita, (Accessed at 10 December 2022).
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Mulyono, Mulyono. "The Challenging Time for Indonesia Government Bond During Covid-19 Pandemic." Binus Business Review 14, no. 2 (2023): 185-192.
Nasution, Dito Aditia Darma, Erlina Erlina, and Iskandar Muda. "Dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap perekonomian Indonesia." Jurnal Benefita 5, no. 2 (2020): 212-224.
Nurjanah, Kiki, Imawan Sugiharto, and Moh Khamim. "Harmonization Of Central Government Regulation Number 21 Year 2020 With Regulations Tegal City Region Number 10 Year 2020 In Handling Covid-19." Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, MALAPY 2022, 28 May 2022, Tegal, Indonesia. 2022.
Olivia, Susan, John Gibson, and Rus’an Nasrudin. "Indonesia in the Time of Covid-19." Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 56, no. 2 (2020): 143-174.
Pati, Umi Khaerah. "Indonesian government policy in mitigating economic risks due to the impact of the Covid-19 outbreak." Journal of Law and Legal Reform 1, no. 4 (2020): 577-590.
Pujowati, Yenik, and Ahmad Sufaidi. "The COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) policies for the community in various prevention efforts." Jurnal Magister Administrasi Publik (JMAP) 1, no. 2 (2021): 102-111.
Putri, Nabila Farahdila, Ellin Vionia, and Tomy Michael. "Pentingnya Kesadaran Hukum Dan Peran Masyarakat Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Penyebaran Berita Hoax Covid-19." Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 1 (2020): 98-111.
Putri, Ririn Noviyanti. "Indonesia dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 20, no. 2 (2020): 705-709.
Quesada-Rodríguez, Óscar Emilio. "Salus populi suprema lex esto (La salud del pueblo es la ley suprema)." Acta Académica 57, No. Noviembre (2015): 149-172.
Radjab, Syamsuddin, and Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady. "The Indonesian Government's Inconsistency in Handling the Covid-19 Pandemic." Yuridika 36, no. 3 (2021): 745-758.
Rahayu, Rochani Nani. "Analisis berita hoax Covid-19 di media sosial di Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi, Sosial & Humaniora 1, no. 9 (2020): 60-73.
Ramadani, Rizki, Yuli Adha Hamzah, and Arianty Anggraeni Mangerengi. "Indonesia's Legal Policy During COVID-19 Pandemic: Between the Right to Education and Public Health." Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 6, no. 1 (2021): 125-156.
Republic of Indonesia. Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Penetapan Kedaruratan Kesehatan Masyarakat Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [Government Regulation Number 21 of 2020 concerning Large Scale Social Restriction in the effort to handle COVID-19]. (Jakarta: Sekretariat Negara, 2020).
Rokilah, Rokilah. "The Role of the Regulations in Indonesia State System." Ajudikasi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 4, no. 1 (2020): 29-38.
Roziqin, Ali, Syasya YF Mas’ udi, and Iradhad T. Sihidi. "An analysis of Indonesian government policies against COVID-19." Public Administration and Policy 24, no. 1 (2021): 92-107.
Setiati, Siti, and Muhammad Khifzhon Azwar. "COVID-19 and Indonesia." Acta Medica Indonesiana 52, no. 1 (2020): 84-89.
Setiawan, Fery, et al. Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) dalam Asas Salus Populi Suprema Lex Esto dan Kajian Patogenesis. (Sukabumi: Haura Utama, 2021).
Siboy, Ahmad, and Sholahuddin Al-Fatih. "The Logic Position of State Emergency Law in the Implementation of Regional Head Elections during the Covid-19 Pandemic." Unnes Law Journal 8.1 (2022): 65-86.
Siregar, Reza Y., Anton H. Gunawan, and Adhi N. Saputro. "Impact of the covid-19 shock on banking and corporate sector vulnerabilities in Indonesia." Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 57, no. 2 (2021): 147-173.
Sugandi, Eric Alexander. "Indonesia’s financial markets and monetary policy dynamics amid the Covid-19 pandemic." Asia-Pacific Financial Markets 29, no. 3 (2022): 411-447.
Suherman, Suherman, and Alda Damayanti Putri. "Legal Protection on Workers’ Unilateral Wages Deductions Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 10 (2020): 445-457.
Surip, Surip, et al. "Multi-Sector Collaboration in Legal Protection for Teachers and Students Amidst of Covid-19 Pandemic (Case of Mirit Kebumen, Indonesia)." Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services 3, no. 2 (2021): 155-182.
Suryahadi, Asep, Ridho Al Izzati, and Daniel Suryadarma. "Estimating the impact of covid-19 on poverty in Indonesia." Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 56, no. 2 (2020): 175-192.
Susilawati, Susilawati, Reinpal Falefi, and Agus Purwoko. "Impact of COVID-19’s Pandemic on the Economy of Indonesia." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) 3, no. 2 (2020): 1147-1156.
Syuhada, Otong, and Aji Halim Rahman. "Implementasi Surat Edaran Menteri Ketenagakerjaan No. M/3/Hk.04/III/2020 dalam Melindungi Kelangsungan Hidup Buruh dan Pelaku Usaha Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19." Journal Presumption of Law 4, no. 2 (2022): 94-112.
Tanauma, Aquinaldo Stelvdy, Tanauma, Alfreds J. Rondonuwu, and Presly Prayogo, "Perlindungan Negara Menghadapi Corona Virus Disease 2019 Berdasarkan Hukum Tata Negara Darurat." Lex Administratum 9, no. 3 (2021): 261-271.
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