Unnes Journal of Public Health

Analyzing Utilization Of Mental Health Services for National Health Insurance Participants in Indonesia

Rizqi Habiibah Rahmah — 2024-01-31

Utilization of mental health services In Indonesia is still low, while the need for mental care is relatively high. Poor mental conditions will affect individuals in deploying their abilities or potential, leading to any daily pressure that is difficult to cope with. Prior to National Health Insurance (JKN), financing for mental health services was based on fee for service (out of pocket). Currently, the government is trying to grant access to mental health services with the JKN system in primary, secondary, and tertiary services. Implementing the JKN policy is expected to escalate the community's access to mental health. Since JKN was implemented in 2014, no one has seen how JKN participants actively participate in mental health services. This study will reveal how the participants utilized JKN mental health services in 2020. This quantitative study used a nested case-control design to take secondary data on BPJS Health Sample Data for 2015-2020. The bivariate analysis results using the chi-square test point out a significant relationship between age, marital status, FLHF type, participant segmentation, and the utilization of mental health services. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis using the logistic regression test results demonstrates that age is the most influential independent variable in utilizing JKN mental health services, specifically the unproductive age group (p-value < 0.001).

Implementation of Lean Hospital Intervention in Outpatient Pharmacy Depot at the National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Marjono Jakarta, Indonesia

Dwi Dharmaningsih — 2024-01-31

Waiting time for prescription services indicates the quality of hospital services. The waiting time at the National Brain Center Hospital Prof. Dr. dr. Mahar Marjono Jakarta (RSPON Jakarta) Regular Outpatient Pharmacy Depot has not yet reached the standard of ≤30 minutes for non-concoction prescription, ≤60 minutes for concoctions prescription. This research aims to reduce the waiting time for outpatient prescription services using the Lean Hospital approach, which uses operational research methods with a qualitative approach through direct observation, interviews, and document review. In current state conditions, the lead time for non-concoction prescriptions is 46.7 minutes, with the ratio of value-added activity to total service time 25%:75%, while for concoctions prescriptions is 98.9 minutes, with the ratio of 27%:73%. The highest waste is waiting and overprocessing. Causes of waste are human resources inefficiency, simultaneous doctors' practice schedules, no separate system for regular and executive outpatient staff, e-prescriptions optimation, internet instability, and patient interruptions. Lean hospital intervention was the Balancing-Heijunka through modification of shifts and 5S. Future state results showed a 28% reduction in lead time for non-concoction prescriptions (33.3 minutes), while concoction prescriptions decreased by 32% (67.1 minutes). Lean Hospital can reduce waste and lead time for prescription services.

Factors of Low Birth Weight (LBW) in Indonesia: An Analysis of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS 2017)

Haeda Dyah Masna Rahmadani — 2024-01-31

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the indicators of newborn mortality and also a health problem in infant growth and development. The case of LBW in Indonesia ranges from 5%-<10%, which makes Indonesia ranks sixth in Southeast Asia and in Indonesia as many as 1-3% of infant deaths occur. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with the case of LBW in Indonesia. This study used data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (IDHS 2017) using a cross-sectional design. Analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis and followed by bivariate analysis with chi-square test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. From the analysis results, factors that determined greater risk of LBW are lower economic status (p-value = 0.002; AOR = 2.026; 95% CI 1.292, urban residence (p-value = 0.012; AOR = 1.649; 95% CI 1.118-2.432), pregnancy complications (p-value = 0.011; AOR= 1.705; 95% CI (1.128-2.576), multiple pregnancy (p-value= 0.058; AOR= 4.405; 95% CI 0.954-20.344), and the opposite association with LBW case was the first child category pregnancy interval (p-value= 0.007; AOR= 0.605; 95% CI 0.421-0.870). The influencing factors of LBW case from this study were economic status, urban residence, pregnancy complications, and multiple pregnancies.

Risk Factors For Caesarean Section due to Cephalopelvic Disproportion at Sakubva Hospital in Mutare District Manicaland Zimbabwe

Sundika Makengo Olivier, Dr — 2024-01-31

Cephalopelvic disproportion ( CPD) is one of the commonest indication of caesarean section (CS) . Failure to recognize cephalopelvic before or during labor is associated with fatal complications on the pregnant mother and the foetus . The average caesarean rate at Sakubva district hospital from 2018 to 2020 was 36.4% which is higher above compared to the Zimbabwean national C/S rate of 6 % and the WHO recommended CS rate of 10-15 % . The present increase in CS at Sakubva district is alarming and is a major concern, hence there is need to investigate the major risk factor which could have influenced its rising. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the various risk factors associated with caesarean section with regard to CPD at Sakubva district hospital in 2021.An analytic cross-sectional study was used taking data from January to December 2021 to investigate risk factor associated with caesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion at Sakubva district Hospital. Data were collected from the theatre and delivery register where records of 1950 cases of CS (348 cases of CS due to CPD and 1602 cases CS with no CPD) in 2021 were conveniently selected. Quantitative data were analysed using Epi Info™ version 7.2.5.0 . The overall prevalence of caesarean section due to CPD was 18% and major risk factors associated with caesarean section due to CPD (P< 0.05) were maternal age ≤18 years (OR 2, 95% CI 2 - 3.5), primigravida (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2 -2.2), gestational age ≥40 weeks (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6 – 2.6) , being unreferred (OR 3, 95% CI 1.9 -4.6), residing in rural area (OR 2.9, 95% CI 2.2-3.7), ANC visit < 4 (OR 1.4, 95% CI:1.1- 1.8) maternal height ≤150 cm (OR 20.5, 95% CI :7.6-54.8). High prevalence of CS due to CPD was found in this study, significant risk factors associated were mainly maternal but not neonatal which could have adverse maternal and perinatal outcome therefore intervention such as proper antenatal screening of patient with risk factors and health education, training of health workers, use of partograph and timely CS is needed.

The Factors Associated with Ownership of Health Insurance Among Women of Reproductive Health in Guyana

Heni Rusmitasari — 2024-01-31

Women of reproductive age are one vulnerable group because of the phase of pregnancy, childbirth, and contraceptive use. Due to those reasons, they need to be covered by health insurance. However, the coverage of health insurance remains low, especially in developing countries including Guyana. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with ownership of health insurance among women of reproductive age. This study used the data from Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey Wave 6 (MICS6) Guyana in 2019-2020. Totally, 5,470 women met the criteria. The multivariate analysis was done by 2 models including the community characteristics. It was found some factors related to having or not having health insurance, including living in Damerara-Mahaica and Mahaica-Berbice regions, having Muslim, female, and from Amerindian, East Indian, and Mixed ethnic of household head, having a higher wealth index and education level, aged 30-34, and formerly marriage or never married. The health insurance scheme needs to be arranged especially at tat regional level to ensure women can access maternal services easily and effectively.

Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by Nurses to Improve Patient Safety Goals at Hospital in Bekasi, West Java

Aprilita Rina Yanti Eff — 2024-01-31

Nurses are frontline healthcare providers who spend much time with patients and can help avoid, mitigate, promote public health, and determine and maintain medicine safety. To ensure patient and medication safety, nurses need knowledge and experience in Pharmacovigilance. This study aims to assess Pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting by nurses to implement Patient Safety Goals with Patient Safety Culture as intervening variables at X Hospital in Bekasi. This research is a quantitative causality study with a cross-sectional design to see the effect of pharmacovigilance knowledge on implementing patient safety goals mediated by patient safety culture. The study was conducted on 130 nurses at X Bekasi Hospital who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collection technique uses a closed questionnaire instrument; the answers to the questionnaire questions have been determined. Data were analyzed using the Smart PLS program's Structural Equation Modeling technique. The study's results found that knowledge of Pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reactions significantly affected the implementation of patient safety goals (F count is greater than F table / 64.5> 2.67; (R²) = 0.667). There is a significant influence of pharmacovigilance knowledge on improving patient safety culture (p-value = 0.000). The estimated value of the influence of pharmacovigilance knowledge on patient safety culture is 60.9%. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of Pharmacovigilance is the dominant variable in influencing patient safety culture and positively influences the implementation of patient safety goals. However, knowledge, attitude, and practice significantly impact patient safety culture, so efforts to implement consistent and continuous Pharmacovigilance can improve patient safety culture, which will continue with implementing patient safety goals.

The Telemedical Literacy and Reproductive Health Literacy in Adolescents in The Urban Area

kismi - mubarokah — 2024-01-31

The Maternal Mortality Rate nationally has yet to gain the target of a drop of 183 per 100,000 live births. Telemedical literacy is an innovation to improve access to information and health services, including youth reproductive health. The study aims to analyze the correlation between telemedical literacy and reproductive health literacy in adolescents in the Middle Semarang Subdistrict. This observational study uses a cross-sectional design. The data from 200 teenagers were collected through a self-administered online questionnaire and analyzed using a rank spearman test. The results showed that telemedical and reproductive health literacy were sufficient. Age and education correlate positively to both telemedical literacy and reproductive health literacy. Telemedical literacy also associates with reproductive health literacy (p0.001). Government and private health institutions must increase reproductive health campaigns through online media.

Factors Affecting Perinatal Mental Health in Postpartum Mothers

Ana Pujianti Harahap — 2024-01-31

Perinatal Mental Health (PMH) is a mental health disorder during pregnancy and postpartum. Untreated PMH will have serious consequences for mothers, children, their families, and society as a whole. This study utilized the Systematic review method by analyzing articles from PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct as a database with a range of publications between 2018-2023 and using postpartum keywords of risk factors and mental health. Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria. Based on these articles analyzed the findings reveal that risk factors influencing the occurrence of PMH in postpartum mothers are violent factors (physical, psychological, and sexual violence), type of childbirth, history of childhood trauma, history of PMH during pregnancy, social factors (husband, family, community support), economy, demographics (age, marital status, education, family type, number of children), breastfeeding satisfaction, obstetric history, medical illness, food insecurity, and life-threatening events. Based on these risk factors, proactive efforts are required to provide an early understanding of interventions to pregnant women related to PMH to prevent it from occurring in postpartum mothers

How Does The Quality of Work Life Affect The Commitment of Health Workers?

Vianesa Aurum Antayamulya — 2024-01-31

Human resources has become the most important thing during the COVID-19 pandemic because COVID-19 affects the health worker not only physically but also mentally. Thus, it is important to continuously improve the Quality of Work Life (QWL) to maintain the health worker wellbeing during this tough time. This sudy aimed to examine the QWL of health workers who work at the Puskesmas and to find the association between QWL and work commitment. This research was a quantitative type of research using an observational analytic. The population of this research was all health center personnel in East Java with a minimum number of 267 respondents. The independent variable in this study is QWL and the dependent variable is the commitment of health workers. Data collection was done by distributing an online questionnaire. The results of this study indicated that the health workers of Puskesmas in East Java had a high commitment in handling COVID-19 and their QWL was sufficient. The ordinal regression test showed that QWL affected the commitment of Puskesmas health workers. The higher the perception of the quality of work life of health workers at Puskesmas in East Java, the higher the commitment they have to handle COVID-19.

The Changes in Hydration Status and Blood Glucose Levels of Young Football Athletes Who were Given Chia Seeds (Salvia hispanica, L.) Based Sports Energy Gel

Yanesti Nur Avianda Lestari — 2024-01-31

An athlete's hydration status is greatly affected by the adequacy of fluids and electrolytes during a workout. This study aimed to formulate a chia seed-based sports drink and analyzed its effect on hydration status and changes in blood glucose levels in football athletes. This experimental study on 46 young football athletes from Tyrex Java Semarang club was selected using a simple random sampling method. There are P(0)=control group (given 300mL placebo); and P(1)=treatment group (given 300 mL chia seed's sport energy gel). Administering placebo and treatment are done 45 minutes before exercise. Bodyweight and blood sugar level measurements are done 30 minutes before exercise and at 120 minutes. There were significant differences in the hydration status of study subjects before and after exercise (p=0.022), but the blood glucose level was not significant (p=0.413). However, the blood glucose level appeared to differ significantly (p=0.0001) between the control and treatment groups. As for changes in hydration status (kg and %) between the control group and treatment showed no sig-nificant differences (p=0.807 and 0.771). The conclusion is that giving chia seed's sports energy drink before exercise can maintain the blood glucose levels even though it does not impact the hydration status of athletes.