Financial Technology Company's Debt Collection Method: A Legal Aspect Law and Technology, Private Commercial Law
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Published
Apr 26, 2022
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Abstract
Online loans are an alternative source of loans for the public. Online lending has grown rapidly. Financial technology companies are online loan providers. Financial technology companies use various ways to collect loans that are not paid by customers when they are due. One of the debt collection methods is to distribute photos and debt collection stories of the customer to the contacts in the customer's mobile number. This distribution has caused unrest for the people contacted either via messenger or via SMS. This research aims to discuss the pattern of debt collection by financial technology companies from a juridical viewpoint. This research uses the juridical normative method. This research concludes that data retrieval and data dissemination constitute a violation of personal data protection for customers and people who receive news and SMS. Retrieval of data without approval or contacting a loan with another party without prior knowledge has violated the personal domain of the data owner. The government needs to immediately issue regulations regarding the protection of personal data related to electronic transactions.
Article Details
How to Cite
Johan, S. (2022). Financial Technology Company’s Debt Collection Method: A Legal Aspect. Unnes Law Journal, 8(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v7i1.52173
Section
Research Article
References
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Budiyanti, Eka. “Upaya Mengatasi Layanan Pinjaman Online Ilegal.” Info Singkat, Kajian Singkat Terhadap Isu Aktual Dan Strategis Bidang Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan Publik 11, No. 4 (2019): 19–24.
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Dinanti, Dinda, Muthia Sakti, Indira Putri Irfani, and Sinta Ana Pramita. “Politics of Law for the Protection of Debtors as Consumers in Fintech Based Loaning Services”. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 6, No. 2 (2020): 427-444. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v6i2.40349.
Diniyanto, Ayon, and Heris Suhendar. “How Law Responds to Technological Development?”. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 6, No. 2 (2020): 405-426. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v6i2.41297.
Firanda, Gika Asdina, Paramita Prananningtyas, and Sartika Nanda Lestari. “Nagih Utang (Debt Collector) Pinjaman Online Berbasis Financial Technology.” Diponegoro Law Journal 8, No. 4 (2019): 2523–2538.
Firanda, Gika, Paramita Prananingtyas, and Sartika Lestari. “Debt Collection of Financial Technology Lending.” In 1st International Conference on Science and Technology in Administration and Management Information, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-7-2019.2303007.
Hakim, Ari Rahmad BF, I Gusti Agung Wisudawan, and Yudi Setiawan. “Pengaturan Bisnis Pinjaman Secara Online Atau Fintech Menurut Hukum Positif Di Indonesia.” Ganec Swara 14, No. 1 (2020): 464–475. https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v14i1.122.
Herdiani, Febri Dolis. “Analysis of Abuse and Fraud in the Legal and Illegal Online Loan Fintech Application Using the Hybrid Method.” Enrichmment: Journal of Management 11, No. 2 (2021): 486–490. https://enrichment.iocspublisher.org/index.php/enrichment/article/view/129
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Istiqamah. “Analisis Pinjaman Online Oleh Finteh Dalam Kajian Hukum Perdata.” Jurisprudentie 6, No. 2 (2019): 291–306. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/nufce.
Johan, Suwinto. “Peer-to-Peer Lending’s Customer Profile: Empirical Research on Indonesia’s Financial Technology Market.” Southeast Asian Journal of Economics 9, No. 1 (2021): 103–120. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/saje/article/view/250493
Johan, Suwinto, and Ariawan Ariawan. “Consumer Protection in Financial Institutions.” Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 29, No. 2 (2021): 173–183. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v29i2.16382.
Johan, Suwinto, and Ariawan Ariawan. “Keterbukaan Informasi Uu Pasar Modal Menciptakan Asymmetric Information dan Semi Strong Form.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 50, No. 1 (2021): 106–118. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.50.1.2021.106-118.
Kompas.com. “Indosat Digugat Pelanggan Gara-Gara Kiriman SMS Iklan,” 2020. https://jambione.com/read/2020/08/16/12993/indosat-digugat-pelanggan-garagara-kiriman-sms-iklan/.
Liu, Xinmin, Flora Huang, and Horace Yeung. “The Regulation of Illegal Fundraising in China.” Asia Pacific Law Review 26, No. 1 (2018): 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/10192557.2018.1511086.
Milne, Alistar, and Pal Parboteeah. Research Report The Business Models Peer-to-Peer Lending, 2016.
Novita, Windy Sonya, and Moch. Najib Imanullah. “Aspek Hukum Peer to Peer Lending (Identifikasi Permasalahan Hukum dan Mekanisme Penyelesaian).” Privat Law 8, No. 1 (2020): 151–157. https://doi.org/10.20961/privat.v8i1.40389
Nugroho, Andriyanto Adhi, Atik Winanti, and Surahmad Surahmad. “Personal Data Protection in Indonesia: Legal Perspective.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, No. 7 (2020): 183. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i7.1773.
Nugroho, Yudistra, and Ilham Samudra. “All Eyes on E-Money: The Race to Reach 180M Unbanked Indonesians,” 2018. https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/intl/en-apac/future-of-marketing/emerging-technology/all-eyes-e-money-race-reach-180m-unbanked-indonesians/.
Nurmantari, Ni Nyoman Ari Diah, and Nyoman A. Martana. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Data Pribadi Peminjam Dalam Layanan Aplikasi Pinjaman Online.” Kertha Wicara, No. 10 (2019): 1–14.
Nurwahridya, M M, and Hartiwiningsih. “Peranan Polri Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Siber Oleh Desk Collector Pinjaman Online.” Jurnal Recidive 9, No. 1 (2020): 43–49.
Muttaqim, Muttaqim & Desi Apriliani. “Analysis of The Probability of Money Laundering Crimes toward the Development of Crypto-currency Regulations in Indonesia” Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies 4, No. 1 (2019): 29-40. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v4i1.18714
Panginan, Erga Kandly, and Irwansyah. “Fenomena Aplikasi Kredit dan Pinjaman Online Kredivo di Indonesia.” Komunikasi dan Kajian Media 4, No. 1 (2020): 12–26.
Ramlan, Ramlan. “Legal Strengthening of Credit Agreement Based on Information Technology in Financial Technology Companies in Supporting Industry 4.0.” Randwick International of Social Science (RISS) Journal 2, No. 1 (2021): 29–42.
Santi, Mei. “Peran Pinjaman Dana Berbasis Online Melalui Aplikasi Terhadap Perekonomian Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Eksyar (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 06, No. 02 (2019): 116–127.
Santoso, Wimboh, Irwan Trinugroho, and Tastaftiyan Risfandy. “What Determine Loan Rate and Default Status in Financial Technology Online Direct Lending? Evidence from Indonesia.” Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 56, No. 2 (2020): 351–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2019.1605595.
Sugangga, Rayyan, and Erwin Hari Sentoso. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pengguna Pinjaman Online (Pinjol) Ilegal.” PAJOUL (Pakuan Justice Journal of Law) 1, No. 1 (2020): 47–61.
Syafi, Muhammad, and Dhofir Catur. “Sosialisasi Produk Pinjaman Dan Investasi Online Ilegal Berdasarkan Penilaian Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Pada Anggota Dasa Wisma Perumahan Alam Hijau Jember.” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Ipteks 6, No. 1 (2020): 48–52.
Syamil, Ahmad, Pantri Heriyati, Annisa Devi, and Marko Sebira Hermawan. “Understanding Peer-to-Peer Lending Mechanism in Indonesia: A Study of Drivers and Motivation.” ICIC Express Letters, Part B: Applications 11, No. 3 (2020): 267–277. https://doi.org/10.24507/icicelb.11.03.267.
Virgionandy, Rizkyka, Lalu Husni, and Muhaimin Muhaimin. “The Legal Liability of Fintech Companies for Accessing Telephone Contact Lists and Photo Galleries in the Online Loan Process.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, No. 2 (2021): 191. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i2.2411.
Wahyuni, Raden Ani Eko, and Bambang Eko Turisno. “Praktik Finansial Teknologi Ilegal Dalam Bentuk Pinjaman Online Ditinjau Dari Etika Bisnis.” Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia 1, No. 3 (2019): 379–391. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i3.379-391.
Yuniarti, Siti, and Abdul Rasyid. “Consumer Protection in Lending Fintech Transaction in Indonesia: Opportunities and Challenges.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1477, No. 5 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1477/5/052016.
Ananta, Yanurisa. “OJK, Fintech Lending Dan Kezaliman Dalam Penagihan,” 2019. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/tech/20190404092923-37-64551/ojk-fintech-lending-dan-kezaliman-dalam-penagihan.
Andryanto, Chandra. “Law Enforcement Against Fraud and/or Embezzlement (Study of KSP Intidana Central Java, Indonesia). JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies)” 3 No. 1 (2018): 47-74. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i01.23205
Azam, Syaiful, Mulhadi Mulhadi, and Dedi Harianto. “The Undue Influence Doctrine and Its Function in Consumer Financing Cases.” Jurnal Media Hukum 27, No. 2 (2020): 240–251. https://doi.org/10.18196/jmh.20200154.
Budiyanti, Eka. “Upaya Mengatasi Layanan Pinjaman Online Ilegal.” Info Singkat, Kajian Singkat Terhadap Isu Aktual Dan Strategis Bidang Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan Publik 11, No. 4 (2019): 19–24.
CNN Indonesia. “OJK Sebut Butuh UU Untuk Atur Fintech,” 2019. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20190308201009-78-375677/ojk-sebut-butuh-uu-untuk-atur-fintech.
Dinanti, Dinda, Muthia Sakti, Indira Putri Irfani, and Sinta Ana Pramita. “Politics of Law for the Protection of Debtors as Consumers in Fintech Based Loaning Services”. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 6, No. 2 (2020): 427-444. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v6i2.40349.
Diniyanto, Ayon, and Heris Suhendar. “How Law Responds to Technological Development?”. Unnes Law Journal: Jurnal Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 6, No. 2 (2020): 405-426. https://doi.org/10.15294/ulj.v6i2.41297.
Firanda, Gika Asdina, Paramita Prananningtyas, and Sartika Nanda Lestari. “Nagih Utang (Debt Collector) Pinjaman Online Berbasis Financial Technology.” Diponegoro Law Journal 8, No. 4 (2019): 2523–2538.
Firanda, Gika, Paramita Prananingtyas, and Sartika Lestari. “Debt Collection of Financial Technology Lending.” In 1st International Conference on Science and Technology in Administration and Management Information, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-7-2019.2303007.
Hakim, Ari Rahmad BF, I Gusti Agung Wisudawan, and Yudi Setiawan. “Pengaturan Bisnis Pinjaman Secara Online Atau Fintech Menurut Hukum Positif Di Indonesia.” Ganec Swara 14, No. 1 (2020): 464–475. https://doi.org/10.35327/gara.v14i1.122.
Herdiani, Febri Dolis. “Analysis of Abuse and Fraud in the Legal and Illegal Online Loan Fintech Application Using the Hybrid Method.” Enrichmment: Journal of Management 11, No. 2 (2021): 486–490. https://enrichment.iocspublisher.org/index.php/enrichment/article/view/129
Himawan, Adhitya, and Dian Kusumo Hapsari. “Gubernur BI Minta Perbankan Indonesia Melek Teknologi,” n.d. https://www.suara.com/bisnis/2017/09/19/153340/gubernur-bi-minta-perbankan-indonesia-melek-teknologi.
Iman, Nofie. “Assessing the Dynamics of Fintech in Indonesia.” Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, No. 4 (2018): 296–303. https://doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(4).2018.24.
Istiqamah. “Analisis Pinjaman Online Oleh Finteh Dalam Kajian Hukum Perdata.” Jurisprudentie 6, No. 2 (2019): 291–306. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/nufce.
Johan, Suwinto. “Peer-to-Peer Lending’s Customer Profile: Empirical Research on Indonesia’s Financial Technology Market.” Southeast Asian Journal of Economics 9, No. 1 (2021): 103–120. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/saje/article/view/250493
Johan, Suwinto, and Ariawan Ariawan. “Consumer Protection in Financial Institutions.” Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 29, No. 2 (2021): 173–183. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v29i2.16382.
Johan, Suwinto, and Ariawan Ariawan. “Keterbukaan Informasi Uu Pasar Modal Menciptakan Asymmetric Information dan Semi Strong Form.” Masalah-Masalah Hukum 50, No. 1 (2021): 106–118. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.50.1.2021.106-118.
Kompas.com. “Indosat Digugat Pelanggan Gara-Gara Kiriman SMS Iklan,” 2020. https://jambione.com/read/2020/08/16/12993/indosat-digugat-pelanggan-garagara-kiriman-sms-iklan/.
Liu, Xinmin, Flora Huang, and Horace Yeung. “The Regulation of Illegal Fundraising in China.” Asia Pacific Law Review 26, No. 1 (2018): 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/10192557.2018.1511086.
Milne, Alistar, and Pal Parboteeah. Research Report The Business Models Peer-to-Peer Lending, 2016.
Novita, Windy Sonya, and Moch. Najib Imanullah. “Aspek Hukum Peer to Peer Lending (Identifikasi Permasalahan Hukum dan Mekanisme Penyelesaian).” Privat Law 8, No. 1 (2020): 151–157. https://doi.org/10.20961/privat.v8i1.40389
Nugroho, Andriyanto Adhi, Atik Winanti, and Surahmad Surahmad. “Personal Data Protection in Indonesia: Legal Perspective.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, No. 7 (2020): 183. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i7.1773.
Nugroho, Yudistra, and Ilham Samudra. “All Eyes on E-Money: The Race to Reach 180M Unbanked Indonesians,” 2018. https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/intl/en-apac/future-of-marketing/emerging-technology/all-eyes-e-money-race-reach-180m-unbanked-indonesians/.
Nurmantari, Ni Nyoman Ari Diah, and Nyoman A. Martana. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Data Pribadi Peminjam Dalam Layanan Aplikasi Pinjaman Online.” Kertha Wicara, No. 10 (2019): 1–14.
Nurwahridya, M M, and Hartiwiningsih. “Peranan Polri Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Siber Oleh Desk Collector Pinjaman Online.” Jurnal Recidive 9, No. 1 (2020): 43–49.
Muttaqim, Muttaqim & Desi Apriliani. “Analysis of The Probability of Money Laundering Crimes toward the Development of Crypto-currency Regulations in Indonesia” Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies 4, No. 1 (2019): 29-40. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v4i1.18714
Panginan, Erga Kandly, and Irwansyah. “Fenomena Aplikasi Kredit dan Pinjaman Online Kredivo di Indonesia.” Komunikasi dan Kajian Media 4, No. 1 (2020): 12–26.
Ramlan, Ramlan. “Legal Strengthening of Credit Agreement Based on Information Technology in Financial Technology Companies in Supporting Industry 4.0.” Randwick International of Social Science (RISS) Journal 2, No. 1 (2021): 29–42.
Santi, Mei. “Peran Pinjaman Dana Berbasis Online Melalui Aplikasi Terhadap Perekonomian Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Eksyar (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 06, No. 02 (2019): 116–127.
Santoso, Wimboh, Irwan Trinugroho, and Tastaftiyan Risfandy. “What Determine Loan Rate and Default Status in Financial Technology Online Direct Lending? Evidence from Indonesia.” Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 56, No. 2 (2020): 351–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/1540496X.2019.1605595.
Sugangga, Rayyan, and Erwin Hari Sentoso. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pengguna Pinjaman Online (Pinjol) Ilegal.” PAJOUL (Pakuan Justice Journal of Law) 1, No. 1 (2020): 47–61.
Syafi, Muhammad, and Dhofir Catur. “Sosialisasi Produk Pinjaman Dan Investasi Online Ilegal Berdasarkan Penilaian Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Pada Anggota Dasa Wisma Perumahan Alam Hijau Jember.” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Ipteks 6, No. 1 (2020): 48–52.
Syamil, Ahmad, Pantri Heriyati, Annisa Devi, and Marko Sebira Hermawan. “Understanding Peer-to-Peer Lending Mechanism in Indonesia: A Study of Drivers and Motivation.” ICIC Express Letters, Part B: Applications 11, No. 3 (2020): 267–277. https://doi.org/10.24507/icicelb.11.03.267.
Virgionandy, Rizkyka, Lalu Husni, and Muhaimin Muhaimin. “The Legal Liability of Fintech Companies for Accessing Telephone Contact Lists and Photo Galleries in the Online Loan Process.” International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, No. 2 (2021): 191. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i2.2411.
Wahyuni, Raden Ani Eko, and Bambang Eko Turisno. “Praktik Finansial Teknologi Ilegal Dalam Bentuk Pinjaman Online Ditinjau Dari Etika Bisnis.” Jurnal Pembangunan Hukum Indonesia 1, No. 3 (2019): 379–391. https://doi.org/10.14710/jphi.v1i3.379-391.
Yuniarti, Siti, and Abdul Rasyid. “Consumer Protection in Lending Fintech Transaction in Indonesia: Opportunities and Challenges.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1477, No. 5 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1477/5/052016.