Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
type: channel
description: Biosaintifika starting in 2024 migrates from OJS 2 to OJS 3 to better secure from various unwanted things, including journal hacking and so on. To submit, the author please visit the new website page of our journal at the link https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/biosaintifika MIGRATION OFFICIAL STATEMENT HERE Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education {PISSN 2085-191X| EISSN 2338-7610} published scientific papers on the results of biology and biology education research {see Focus and Scope}. Editor accepts the article has not been published in other media with the writing format as listed on page manuscript writing guidelines {see Author Guidelines}. The journal published three times a year, on April, August & December and published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia. Biosaintifika was established in 2009. Title with the title Biosaintifika Berkala Ilmiah Biologi. Starting from Volume 5 Number 2 September 2013, this journal is only published three times a year using English language. The name of the journal with subtitles was changed to Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education. Abstracting & Indexing GARUDA | DIMENSION | DOAJ | SINTA | SCOPUS
publisher: Universitas Negeri Semarang
language: en
publication name: Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
issn: 2085-191X
items: The Environmental Factors Enhance the Growth and Survival of Rhizophora Seedlings
items: Mosaic of Drosophila Behavior Due to Bisphenol-A Exposure: From Hyperactivity to Aversion
items: Heterotrigona itama Pollen Analysis as a Bioindicator of Floral Diversity in South Kalimantan Oil Palm Agroforestry
items: Cover and Table of Content
items: Enhancing Plantlet Growth of Vanda floresensis Motes through Acclimatization Chamber, Chitosan Spraying, and Mixed Medium
items: Molecular Detection of Rust Fungus (Puccinia spp.) on Sugarcane using ITS region
items: Growth and Exploitation Rate of Mystus nigriceps
items: Morpho-Physiological, ISSR-Based Molecular Characterization of Gamma-Irradiated Soybean Under Waterlogging Stress
items: Dynamic Model Analysis of Waste Absorption Carrying Capacity Values ​​in Semi-Intensive Shrimp Ponds
items: Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Pufferfish from Lekok Coastal Area, Pasuruan Indonesia
items: Modulatory Effects of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Polysaccharide Syrup on IgG Production and T Cell Activity
items: Effects of Spirulina Feed Additive on Duodenal Tissue Structure in Peking Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)
items: Extract Formulation of Zingiber officinale and Phylanthus reticulatus Induces Apoptosis of WiDr Colon Cancer Cells
items: Therapeutic Potential of Ethanol Extract from Durian Peel on Testes Microanatomy in Diabetic Male Rats
items: Molecular Characteristics of Lopang (Gymnopetalum cochinchinense) Originating from Riau Based on matK and trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer
items: Evaluating the Economic Value of Above-Ground Biomass Carbon Stocks in the Urban Forests of Banda Aceh City
items: Agronomic Traits of Direct-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa) Applied with Microbial Inoculants and Varying Fertilizer Levels
items: Effects of Autotomy on Haemolymph Profile and Mineral Composition in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) at Pre and Post- Moulting Cycle
items: Synergistic Effect of Chlorpyrifos and Mancozeb on The Survival of Poecilia reticulata
items: Quantification of Bioactives and Bioactivities in Different Parts of Abelmoschus esculentus
items: Quantitative Literacy-based Laboratory Activity Design on the Effect of Color Spectra on Photosynthetic Rate
items: A Story-Based Virtual Laboratory Practicum in an Undergraduate Genetics Course to Improve Concept Understanding and Visual Literacy
items: Parental Diet Exposure and High-Sugar-Fat Intake Effect on Glucose, Triglyceride and Cholesterol Hemolymph Level of Drosophila melanogaster across Five Generations
items: Fish Community Assessment in Serayu Moveable Dam Post-Catastrophic Mortality
items: Optimizing Canang Flower Waste Extract for Staining Fasciolopsis buski Eggs: An Enhancement of the Kato-Katz Method
items: Fish Diversity and Phylogenetics in the Lakes of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Based on eDNA
items: Valorization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Waste Enhanced with Molasses for Erythritol Production
items: Probiotic Community of Dage Banyumas: Next Generation Sequencing Approach
items: Halotolerant Phosphat Solubilizing Bacteria from Paddy Saline Soil

The Environmental Factors Enhance the Growth and Survival of Rhizophora Seedlings
type: item
description: Coastal ecosystems are synonymous with mangrove trees. Threatened mangrove existence is tantamount to reduced biological existence, weakened coastal protection, and reduced carbon storage. Moreover, mangrove growth naturally depends on the quality of seedlings supported by proper nursery management. This study aims to evaluate the impact of four environmental factors (light intensity, salinity, pH, and tidal frequency) on the growth and survival of Rhizophora: Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stylosa, and Rhizophora apiculata cultivated in nurseries with a water system integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT). A single-factor design was applied, with each treatment bed containing 600 seedlings (200 per species) and an uncontrolled bed as a control. Weekly random sampling of 20% of seedlings from each treatment for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA with treatment and species as fixed factors, followed by the Tukey HSD test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that R. mucronata in the light treatment (without shade net) achieved the highest survival rate (98.8%) and the largest stem diameter, which was 0.698 cm. In addition, the highest seedling height was R. mucronata in the high-yield salinity treatment, reaching 56.78 cm, and the highest number of leaves was recorded in R. apiculata in the salinity treatment, with an average of 6.92 leaves per seedling. IoT-integrated nurseries stabilize water supply and tidal cycles, reduce mortality to below 10%, and enhance seedling quality. These findings indicate that nursery environmental management can improve the consistency of mangrove seedling growth and support large-scale restoration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mangrove
  topic: keywords
subject: Rhizophora spp.
  topic: keywords
subject: Nursery
  topic: keywords
subject: Survival Rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Growth Rate
  topic: keywords
creator: Na Dame Maulibulung Sinaga
creator: Aruna Pradipta
creator: Nana Kariada Tri Martuti
creator: Muhammad Abdul Jabar
creator: Iro Datus Soleha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 527
ending page: 536
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.35777

Mosaic of Drosophila Behavior Due to Bisphenol-A Exposure: From Hyperactivity to Aversion
type: item
description: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is widely found in everyday food. However, various studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the effects of this exposure on behavior. This study aimed to evaluate how dose, genetic background, and duration of exposure interact to shape behavioral responses in Drosophila melanogaster exposed to BPA. Three strains (Wild-type, white-eye, and black-body) were cultured on a medium containing 0, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL BPA for two generations. Before exposure (G0), after the first generation of exposure (G1), and after the second generation of exposure (G2), three behaviors were measured: larval crawling speed, number of larval contractions, and larval exploration distance. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a non-monotonic pattern in behavioral responses. Each behavior exhibited distinct sensitivities to treatment factors, and complex interactions were observed between genetic factors, dose, and time (generation). Furthermore, the effects of BPA are not general but rather specific to the type of behavior observed. Generational effects are evident in some behavioral data. In addition, fly strain plays a role in determining the effect of exposure on behavioral responses.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Activity
  topic: keywords
subject: BPA contamination
  topic: keywords
subject: Drosophila melanogaster
  topic: keywords
subject: locomotor
  topic: keywords
subject: neurobehavior
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmad Fauzi
creator: Muhamad Justitia Ramadhan
creator: Sindi Kharomah
creator: Sinta Kharomah
creator: Natasya Adiba Zahrah
creator: Deny Setiawan
creator: Hikmah Buroidah
creator: Muhammad Roil Bilad
creator: Siti Zubaidah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 488
ending page: 501
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.34229

Heterotrigona itama Pollen Analysis as a Bioindicator of Floral Diversity in South Kalimantan Oil Palm Agroforestry
type: item
description: Background: The expansion of oil palm plantations in Indonesia drives deforestation and biodiversity loss, threatening pollinator communities. Agroforestry systems within oil palm landscapes may enhance floral resources, but their effectiveness is poorly understood. This study evaluates the potential of stingless bee (Heterotrigona itama) pollen analysis as a tool for monitoring floral diversity in different oil palm agroforestry systems. Methods: Pollen samples were collected from H. itama colonies in five distinct oil palm agroforestry systems (block-type, intercropping, row-type, fence-type, and palm oil-livestock) across South Kalimantan. Pollen types were identified microscopically, and diversity metrics (Shannon Index, Simpson Index, and Evenness) were calculated to assess foraging patterns and floral resource availability. Results: Analysis identified 30 plant species from 22 families. Agroforestry type significantly influenced pollen composition. Block-type systems exhibited the highest species richness (14 types), while fence-type systems showed the lowest (9 types) with heavy dominance by maize (Zea mays, 41.4%). Intercropping systems were dominated by Acacia mangium (51.2%). Row-type systems demonstrated the most balanced foraging (highest evenness). A moderate Sørensen similarity index (0.63) between pollen and field vegetation confirmed bees as effective samplers of landscape floral diversity. This research confirms that H. itama pollen analysis is an efficient bioindicator tool, revealing that agroforestry management directly shapes pollinator resource availability. Complex systems (e.g., block-type, row-type) support higher floral diversity, which is crucial for pollinator conservation and sustainable productivity in oil palm-dominated landscapes. This method provides a practical approach for guiding biodiversity-inclusive agricultural practices.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bioindicator
  topic: keywords
subject: floral diversity
  topic: keywords
subject: Heterotrigona itama
  topic: keywords
subject: pollen analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: oil palm
  topic: keywords
creator: Anang Kadarsah
creator: Almira Ulimaz
creator: Jesi Yardani
creator: Trisnu Satriadi
creator: John Agbo Ogbodo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 514
ending page: 526
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.34142

Cover and Table of Content
type: item
subject: Table of Contents
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.33222

Enhancing Plantlet Growth of Vanda floresensis Motes through Acclimatization Chamber, Chitosan Spraying, and Mixed Medium
type: item
description: The conservation of Vanda floresensis Motes has been conducted using in vitro techniques and has produced a large number of plantlets. These plantlets require acclimatization, but the optimal method has not yet been found. The aims of the research were to develop an acclimatization protocol by verifying the effectiveness of an acclimatization chamber (AC), chitosan spraying, and mixed medium composition on plantlet growth. The research was conducted in a screen house of Universitas Negeri Semarang, using a factorial randomized block design with three factors. The AC factor consisted of two levels: inside and outside the AC. The chitosan concentration factor consisted of five levels, namely 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 ppm. The composition of the mixed medium consisted of three levels. The observed variables included the increase in number, length, and width of the leaf, total chlorophyll content, and wilted leaf. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan test. It can be concluded that the use of AC, chitosan spraying, and mixed medium composition was effective in increasing leaf growth and total chlorophyll content and reducing wilted leaf. Spraying chitosan of 1.5 - 3.0 ppm with the use of AC and spraying chitosan of 1.5 ppm with a mixed medium of brick pieces, coconut fibre, and tree bark chips with a ratio of 1:2:1 resulted in the highest leaf growth and total chlorophyll content, and the lowest wilted leaf. The results of this study can be used as an acclimatization protocol for orchid propagation for conservation purposes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: acclimatization chamber, chitosan, leaf growth, mixed medium, Vanda floresensis
  topic: keywords
creator: Enni Suwarsi Rahayu
creator: Noor Aini Habibah
creator: Yustinus Ulung Anggraito
creator: Dinda Melati
creator: Na Dame Maulibulung Sinaga
creator: Furzani Pa’ee
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 423
ending page: 433
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.33383

Molecular Detection of Rust Fungus (Puccinia spp.) on Sugarcane using ITS region
type: item
description: Identifying pathogenic fungi at the species level based on morphology, especially for leaf rust, is quite difficult. Further investigation, such as molecular techniques, is required to identify leaf rust fungi precisely. One way that can be employed is DNA barcoding. This study seeks to detect leaf rust fungi (Puccinia spp.) on sugarcane. Accurate species identification allows early detection of Puccinia kuehnii, helping farmers and extension agencies to apply targeted control strategies. A fungal sample was collected from sugarcane fields in Bondowoso, East Java, Indonesia. Morphological identification was done with an SEM, whereas molecular identification was done through DNA extraction, amplification, visualization, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree creation. The primers employed are obtained from the ITS region of ribosomal DNA, which contains enough diversity to differentiate fungi at the species level. The amplification findings revealed a DNA band of 500 bp at both loci. Sequencing results indicate that samples The sequencing results indicatethat the samples from Bondowoso are closely related to the Puccinia kuehnii sequence from NCBI. The findings of the phylogenetic tree construction revealed that samples from both locations are still associated with P. kuehnii sequences from other nations. This is the first study documenting P. kuehnii in Indonesia, especially East Java, that integrates morphological and molecular characterization.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bioinformatic
  topic: keywords
subject: ITS Region
  topic: keywords
subject: ribosomal DNA
  topic: keywords
subject: NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
  topic: keywords
subject: SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy)
  topic: keywords
creator: Ahmad Ilham Tanzil
creator: Dinda Mala Maulida
creator: Wahyu Indra Duwi Fanata
creator: Intan Ria Neliana
creator: Bambang Sugiharto
creator: Cassidy Magnon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 406
ending page: 414
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.32946

Growth and Exploitation Rate of Mystus nigriceps
type: item
description: Mystus nigriceps is among the bagrid fish species that live in freshwater ecosystems, including Cicingguling River, Kebumen Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Despite the economic importance and exploitation for food, the fish is rarely studied. Meanwhile, studies on the growth pattern and exploitation rate of M. nigriceps in the Cicingguling River are important because the population is also affected by river fragmentation due to reservoir development. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the growth pattern and exploitation rate of M. nigriceps in the Cicingguling River. Sampling was carried out using the purposive random sampling method in the Cicingguling River. A total of 9 stations were divided into 3 zones for 1 year, with a frequency of 12 times and an interval of once a month. The results showed that a length-weight relationship had an average b-value of 3.11, indicating a positive allometric pattern (b>3). The condition factor of female M. nigriceps (2.404) was higher than that of male fish (2.06). Total mortality (Z) was estimated at 4.85 per year, consisting of natural mortality (M) at 3.59 per year and fishing mortality (F) at 1.26 per year. These values suggest that the mortality of M. nigriceps is primarily driven by natural causes rather than fishing pressure. The exploitation rate was 0.26 per year, which is relatively low as it remains below the optimum threshold (Eoptimum = 0.5). This information is essential for fisheries management as a basis for M. nigriceps conservation in the Cicingguling River
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: exploitation, growth, Kebumen, Mystus nigriceps, river
  topic: keywords
creator: Siti Rukayah
creator: Windiarini Lestari
creator: Agus Nuryanto
creator: Hanan Hassan Alsheikh Mahmoud
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 434
ending page: 441
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.32684

Morpho-Physiological, ISSR-Based Molecular Characterization of Gamma-Irradiated Soybean Under Waterlogging Stress
type: item
description: Soybeans (Glycine max) are Indonesia's third-most important food crop after rice and maize. However, because of its susceptibility to waterlogging, its productivity decreases. Gamma-ray irradiation has been used to create soybean varieties that are resistant to waterlogging. This study investigates the genetic variation and morpho-physiological traits of irradiated Grobogan soybean varieties under waterlogging stress. Soybean seeds were exposed to gamma-ray doses of 0 Gy, 25 Gy, 50 Gy, 75 Gy, and 100 Gy, then the soybean plants were submerged in water at concentrations of 0%, 100%, 150%, 200%, and 250%. The study's morpho-physiological parameters include seed weight, pod count, plant height, chlorophyll content, and seed viability. The results imply that varying waterlogging levels and radiation dosages show varied responses. All irradiation doses showed optimal growth in the control treatment, whereas 75 Gy and 100 Gy under 250% waterlogging conditions showed the most severe growth inhibition. To evaluate genetic variation among the irradiated soybean variants, five ISSR markers were employed. Because of its high PIC value of 0.391, marker ISSR-1 was found to be the most effective in detecting polymorphisms. ISSR-1 is a promising marker for assessing genetic diversity in irradiated soybean plants, according to the results. These results are valuable for the development of soybean breeding strategies targeting improved tolerance to waterlogging stress.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Morpho-physiological
  topic: keywords
subject: Glycine max
  topic: keywords
subject: ISSR
  topic: keywords
subject: Waterlogging
  topic: keywords
subject: Irradiation
  topic: keywords
creator: Anisatus Solihah
creator: Dianita Indahsari
creator: Belva Aria Mahendra
creator: Aulia Sunan Fadilah
creator: Wirdhatul Muslihatin
creator: Ratchata Chokwiwatkul
creator: Triono Bagus Saputro
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 550
ending page: 560
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.31511

Dynamic Model Analysis of Waste Absorption Carrying Capacity Values ​​in Semi-Intensive Shrimp Ponds
type: item
description: The stable availability of dissolved oxygen in semi-intensive shrimp ponds plays a crucial role in the sustainability of the aquaculture system. The objective of this study is to determine the trend of the dissolved oxygen carrying capacity for waste absorption during shrimp farming in a semi-intensive system. The method used in this research is causal-ex-post facto research with data analysis using dynamic modeling systems. The results show that the water quality parameters tend to be stable, except for organic matter (51.82–115.02 mg/L). The semi-intensive shrimp farming system demonstrates relatively high harvest production, attributed to rapid shrimp growth despite limited feed management, resulting in profitable outcomes. Dynamic modeling reveals that increased biomass correlates with higher waste output, affecting the dissolved oxygen (DO) carrying capacity. Modeling also shows a moderate and fluctuating waste runoff pattern, indicating variable DO consumption. An important finding from this research is that we can control the water's carrying capacity for waste adsorption by determining the ideal cultivation system. The study concludes that DO carrying capacity follows a linear relationship with waste load; as waste increases, oxygen demand rises accordingly to support organic matter decomposition and ecosystem balance. These findings highlight the importance of managing waste to maintain optimal oxygen levels in semi-intensive systems. The conclusions of this research are important to be used as a source for coastal area management studies based on carrying capacity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: growth
  topic: keywords
subject: oxygen
  topic: keywords
subject: pond
  topic: keywords
subject: shrimp
  topic: keywords
subject: waste
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Wafi
creator: Heri Ariadi
creator: Tjalf van Minnen
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 395
ending page: 405
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.28439

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Pufferfish from Lekok Coastal Area, Pasuruan Indonesia
type: item
description: Pufferfish belong to the Tetraodontidae family, which consists of 28 genera and 184 species; however, there are limited studies on the species from East Java, especially Pasuruan. This indicates the need for the collection of more accurate morphological and genetic resources as an important step for its conservation. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify pufferfish species found in the Lekok Coastal Waters, Pasuruan District, through morphological characterization and molecular analysis using DNA barcoding of the COI gene. A total of 12 samples were collected from the Lekok Coastal Waters, Pasuruan Regency. Fin samples were stored in 96% absolute ethanol. DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequence analysis were performed using bioinformatics tools, the BOLD system, and the Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) web platform. Phenetic taxonomy was further applied using Ntysc to enhance the robustness of genetic analysis. The results showed that there were identified five pufferfish species were identified: Lagocephalus spadiceus, Chelonodontops patoca, Cyclichthys orbicularis, Arothron stellatus, and Arothron reticularis. High haplotype diversity (Hd) of 1 and nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.1 indicate significant genetic variation. The frequency of parsimonious informative sites was 22.6%, with 13 polymorphic sites and an overall ts/tv ratio of 2.2. The phylogenetic tree showed unambiguous branching patterns among species. These findings are supported by morphological and molecular identification results, which indicate the presence of five species of pufferfish along the Lekok Coast, Pasuruan Regency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: diagnostic characters
  topic: keywords
subject: DNA barcodes
  topic: keywords
subject: Genetic composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Phenetic
  topic: keywords
creator: Viona Angelina Erlan Panjaitan
creator: Adam Dwi Rangga
creator: Cahya Ajeng Valenta Tresna Sulung
creator: Dwi Anggorowati Rahayu
creator: Firas Khaleyla
creator: Endik Deni Nugroho
creator: Rusdianto Rusdianto
creator: Noorhidayah Binti Mamat
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 382
ending page: 394
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.26663

Modulatory Effects of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Polysaccharide Syrup on IgG Production and T Cell Activity
type: item
description: Noni fruit containing polysaccharides, has the potential to be developed into pharmaceutical products such as SPF syrup. The content of noni fruit polysaccharides is known to increase the proliferation of T lymphocyte cells, the regulation of the immune system molecularly, especially with regard to antibodies (IgG), CD4+, and CD8+, is still not widely studied. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SPF syrup on the modulation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and T lymphocytes. The study was conducted on female Wistar rats aged 8-9 months, which were given SPF syrup orally at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kgBB for 31 days. Mice were vaccinated against hepatitis B every week. Blood samples were taken on day 31 to measure IgG levels by the ELISA method and T cells (CD4+ and CD8+) by flow cytometry. The results showed that SPF administration had a significant effect on IgG levels (p<0.05), and there were no significant changes in T lymphocyte cells (CD4+, CD8+) (p>0.05). Histopathological examination showed that long-term induction of hepatitis B caused damage to the liver and kidney, but SPF did not affect the condition of these organs. SPF that contains polysaccharides can be an innovative component in immunostimulant formulations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: CD4+
  topic: keywords
subject: CD8+
  topic: keywords
subject: IgG
  topic: keywords
subject: Immunomodulator
  topic: keywords
subject: Noni fruit
  topic: keywords
subject: Polysaccharide
  topic: keywords
creator: La Ode Muhammad Anwar
creator: Ediati Sasmito
creator: La Ode Akbar Rasydy
creator: Tri Wahyuni Ismoyowati
creator: Salma Hilmy Rusydi Hashim
creator: Rohani Siregar
creator: Emmelia Kristina Hutagaol
creator: Cicilia Nony Ayuningsih Bratajaya
creator: Aprilina Sartika
creator: Dandi Sanjaya
creator: Hajar Nur Fathur Rohmah
creator: Joao Manuel Correia Ximenes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 349
ending page: 357
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.26258

Effects of Spirulina Feed Additive on Duodenal Tissue Structure in Peking Duck (Anas platyrhynchos)
type: item
description: The use of synthetic feed additives in Peking ducks has adverse effects on their growth and productivity. Spirulina sp., a blue-green algae, has the potential to be used as a safe feed additive that can enhance the growth and productivity of ducks. This study aims to analyze the effects of Spirulina (Spirulina sp.) powder as a feed additive on the histomorphometry of the duodenum in Peking ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), focusing on the duodenal lumen diameter, villus height, villus width, mucosal tunic thickness, submucosal tunic thickness, and muscular tunic thickness. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 35 ducks divided into 5 treatments and 5 repetitions. The treatments included a control group and the addition of spirulina powder in feed at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with a significance level of 5%, followed by Duncan's test. The results of data analysis showed that spirulina powder had a significant effect (P<0.05) on villus height and duodenal mucosa tunica thickness. The conclusion of this study is that spirulina powder has the potential to be used as a feed additive to improve digestive performance in male Peking ducks, as evidenced by the increase in villus height and thick tunica mucosa in the small intestine. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of spirulina powder as a feed additive to increase the size of the duodenal tissue structure in Peking ducks. The results of this study are expected to be a new reference on the potential of spirulina as a feed additive to improve poultry feed quality and digestive performance, especially in peking ducks.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Microalgae
  topic: keywords
subject: intestinal tract
  topic: keywords
subject: antioxidant
  topic: keywords
subject: flavonoid
  topic: keywords
subject: cell differentiation
  topic: keywords
creator: Maisya Sifana Maura
creator: Sunarno Sunarno
creator: Kustopo Budiraharjo
creator: Muhammad Anwar Djaelani
creator: La Ode Irman Jaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 327
ending page: 338
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.26215

Extract Formulation of Zingiber officinale and Phylanthus reticulatus Induces Apoptosis of WiDr Colon Cancer Cells
type: item
description: People use ginger (Zingiber officinale) extensively for health purposes. Our previous studies have shown that Phyllanthus reticulatus has strong antioxidant capabilities. This study investigates the anticancer potential of ethanolic extract of Z. officinale and P. reticulatus formulations (ZP), focusing on their cytotoxicity and mechanisms against cancer cells. Samples were extracted using the maceration method. The method for determining the cytotoxicity of cells is MTT, the cell cycle is flow cytometry, apoptotic cells are flow cytometry and double staining, and caspase-8 and caspase-9 expression using the immunocytochemistry method. The analysis of caspase-8 and caspase-9 expression using the immunocytochemistry method. Among the tested formulations, the ethanolic extract of ZP_1:0 showed the most promise against WiDr colon cancer cells (IC50 value of 102.1 µg/ml). The ZP_1:0 demonstrated dose-dependent apoptosis induction in WiDr cells, showing early and late apoptosis, with minimal necrosis. The extract activates extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in inducing cancer cell death. Compared to doxorubicin, the ZP 1:0 formulation selectively promotes apoptosis with reduced necrotic damage, suggesting the potential for reduced systemic toxicity. The study supports the potential of Z. officinale as a source of safer, plant-based anticancer agents, particularly for colon cancer, while recommending further research to identify and enhance active compounds.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Caspase
  topic: keywords
subject: cell cycle
  topic: keywords
subject: cytotoxicity assay
  topic: keywords
subject: Phyllanthus reticulatus
  topic: keywords
subject: Zingiber officinale
  topic: keywords
creator: Elizabeth Betty Elok Kristiani
creator: Sri Kasmiyati
creator: Yohanes Martono
creator: Baxter Hepburn Kachingwe
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 370
ending page: 381
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.25776

Therapeutic Potential of Ethanol Extract from Durian Peel on Testes Microanatomy in Diabetic Male Rats
type: item
description: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease that can lead to complications such as testicular atrophy. As DM requires lifelong treatment, natural and safe therapeutic alternatives are needed. Durian peel, as a natural material, has potential. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of durian peel (EEDP) on testicular histology in diabetic rats. A total of 25 male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 2 months and weight ±200 g, were randomly assigned to five groups: healthy (K0), diabetic (K1), and diabetic+EEDP at doses of 500 (K2), 750 (K3), and 1,000 mg/kgBW (K4), given orally for 28 days. After treatment, the rats were euthanized, and their testes were removed, weighed, and examined using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Observed variables included testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelial thickness, and spermatogenesis stages. Statistical analysis ANOVA (α=0,05) showed significant improvements (p < 0,05) in the EEDP-treated groups. It is concluded that EEDP at doses of 500-1,000 mg/kgBW improved testicular structure in diabetic rats.. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of durian peel ethanol extract at varying doses of 500–1,000 mg/kgBW as a natural therapy to improve testicular histological damage caused by diabetes. This study serves as a basis for the development of herbal antidiabetic drugs with protective effects on the reproductive system. The findings are expected to contribute to biomedical science and provide opportunities for utilizing durian peel waste as a value-added material for public health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ethanol extract
  topic: keywords
subject: durian peel
  topic: keywords
subject: diabetic
  topic: keywords
subject: antihyperglycemic
  topic: keywords
subject: testes
  topic: keywords
creator: Cinta Etna Syakera
creator: Sri Isdadiyanto
creator: Sunarno Sunarno
creator: Laode Ermanjaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 502
ending page: 513
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.25448

Cover and Table of Content
type: item
subject: Table of Contents
  topic: section
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2024-04-20
publication date: 2024-04-20
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i1.24554

Molecular Characteristics of Lopang (Gymnopetalum cochinchinense) Originating from Riau Based on matK and trnL-trnF Intergenic Spacer
type: item
description: Lopang (Gymnopetalum cochinchinense) is an herbaceous plant traditionally consumed as a vegetable by communities in Riau Province, Indonesia. However, DNA barcode sequence data for this species remain limited. These findings underscore the importance of analyzing DNA barcode sequences of matK and trnL-trnF intergenic spacer (IGS) lopang from Riau. This study highlights the analysis of DNA barcode sequences matK and trnL-trnF IGS in lopang from Riau province. This study applies sampling, DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), electrophoresis, sequencing, and bioinformatics data analysis using BioEdit 7, BLASTn (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) to find sequence similarities with the GenBank database, Management and analyzed DNA sequences with MESQUITE, Multiple alignments using ClustalW and MEGA11 to create dendrograms. Fresh leaves were collected from Rokan Hulu Regency in Riau Province. The results showed that matK and trnL-trnF IGS DNA sequences of lopang measured 752 bp and 410 bp, respectively. BLASTn analysis revealed that lopang has 99.73% similarity with G. chinense based on the matK sequence and 99.76% similarity based on the trnL-trnF IGS sequence. The analysis revealed a variation of 13 nucleotides, 1 critical nucleotide and no indels in the matK sequence, while in the trnL-trnF IGS sequence there were 19 nucleotide variations, 1 critical nucleotide and 5 indels. As a final point, lopang from Riau is closely related to G. chinense. The findings of this research contribute to the molecular identification of this species and benefit science, such as providing an understanding of plant evolution, species identification, genetic analysis, and the development of molecular markers in the Cucurbitaceae family.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gymnopetalum cochinchinense
  topic: keywords
subject: lopang
  topic: keywords
subject: matK
  topic: keywords
subject: Riau
  topic: keywords
subject: trnL-trnF intergenic spacer
  topic: keywords
creator: Herman Herman
creator: Fidia Akmal
creator: Nurbaiti Nurbaiti
creator: Citra Winarni Siahaan
creator: Wahyu Lestari
creator: Adiwirman Adiwirman
creator: Adeel Abdulkarim Fadhl Altuhaish
creator: Dewi Indriyani Roslim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 478
ending page: 487
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.24522

Evaluating the Economic Value of Above-Ground Biomass Carbon Stocks in the Urban Forests of Banda Aceh City
type: item
description: Urban forests play a pivotal role in climate change mitigation by storing carbon in biomass. However, the economic valuation of this ecosystem service in Banda Aceh City remains underexplored. This study aims to quantify aboveground biomass carbon stocks and assess their economic value in six selected urban forests across the city. Non-destructive sampling was conducted using 20 × 20 m plots to measure tree diameter, estimate biomass using species-specific allometric equations, and calculate carbon content (C = 0.5 × B). A carbon price of US$50/ton was applied for economic valuation. The total carbon stock was estimated at 11,579 tons, with Putroe Phang Forest contributing the highest proportion (45%). The corresponding economic value was approximately IDR 3.42 billion. A strong positive correlation (R² = 0.9859) was observed between tree diameter and biomass. This study presents a novel economic perspective on urban forest carbon in Banda Aceh by integrating ecological data with financial valuation. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating carbon trading mechanisms into urban planning to strengthen ecosystem service assessments and climate policy implementation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban forest
  topic: keywords
subject: Carbon stock
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic valuation
  topic: keywords
subject: Aboveground biomass
  topic: keywords
subject: Carbon trading
  topic: keywords
creator: Wira Dharma
creator: Yekki Yasmin
creator: Nada Ariqah
creator: Essy Harnelly
creator: Alia Rizki
creator: Lenni Fitri
creator: Amirunnas Amirunnas
creator: Anita Rauzana
creator: Rahmad Zakaria
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 358
ending page: 369
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24368

Agronomic Traits of Direct-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa) Applied with Microbial Inoculants and Varying Fertilizer Levels
type: item
description: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbial inoculants and nutrient levels on the agronomic performance of dry direct-seeded NSIC Rc192 rice under aerobic conditions. Six biofertilizer treatments (control, Bio-N, BioGroe, Mykovam, MykoPlus, and Avatar) were combined with four nutrient levels (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, and 75 % NP + full K). The study aimed to assess the impact of these treatments on root colonization, tiller production, and overall plant growth. Root and soil colonization at 60 days after sowing (DAS) revealed that MykoPlus facilitated more effective root colonization than other inoculants. However, unfavorable environmental conditions, including high temperatures and moisture deficits, negatively impacted tiller production and grain yield. Despite these challenges, BioGroe showed the most promise, significantly enhancing root development and tiller count, particularly when combined with 50 % NP + full K. The study concluded that microbial inoculants, especially BioGroe, can improve rice growth under aerobic conditions, but environmental factors are crucial in determining their effectiveness. Further research is needed to optimize these inoculants for varying environmental conditions to maximize their benefits in rice cultivation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: direct-seeded rice
  topic: keywords
subject: fertilizer levels
  topic: keywords
subject: microbial Inoculants
  topic: keywords
creator: Leo G. Inocencio
creator: Ma. Lourdes Edaño
creator: Pompe Sta. Cruz
creator: Eureka Teresa Ocampo
creator: Pearl Sanchez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 187
ending page: 199
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24324

Effects of Autotomy on Haemolymph Profile and Mineral Composition in Mud Crab (Scylla serrata) at Pre and Post- Moulting Cycle
type: item
description: Soft-shell crab is a valuable product variant in aquaculture, with moulting being a critical phase for its production. Physiological indicators such as haemolymph profiles and mineral content in muscle tissue are essential for assessing crab health and moulting performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autotomy treatment on the physiological condition of mud crab (Scylla serrata), focusing on haemolymph characteristics and mineral concentrations in muscle during the pre-moulting and post-moulting phases. The treatment involved inducing autotomy of walking legs and claws. Sampling was conducted at four distinct phases: pre-autotomy, 15 hours post-autotomy, at immediate post-moult stage, and two days post-moulting. The physiological parameters observed included Total Haemocyte Count (THC) and Differential Haemocyte Count (DHC), comprising hyaline, semi-granular, and granular cell types. Muscle mineral content was assessed by measuring calcium, sodium, and phosphorus concentrations. Results indicated that autotomy reduced THC and the proportion of hyaline cells, while granular cells increased during the post-moulting phase. Calcium, sodium, and phosphorus concentrations decreased shortly after autotomy, peaked during moulting, and declined again after moulting. These findings provide insight into the physiological responses of mud crabs to autotomy and offer practical reference points for enhancing moulting success and supporting soft-shell crab production in aquaculture systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: soft-shell crab
  topic: keywords
subject: autotomy-induced moulting
  topic: keywords
subject: haemocyte profile
  topic: keywords
subject: crab physiology
  topic: keywords
subject: aquaculture management
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusnaini Yusnaini
creator: Esri Yanti
creator: Kadir Sabilu
creator: Latifa Fekri
creator: Indriyani Nur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 466
ending page: 477
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.24303

Synergistic Effect of Chlorpyrifos and Mancozeb on The Survival of Poecilia reticulata
type: item
description: Pesticides are essential in agricultural pest control, but may also harm non-target organisms. In Temanggung Regency, Indonesia, interviews with tobacco farmers revealed that the insecticide Dursban 200 EC (chlorpyrifos) and the fungicide Manzate 82 WP (mancozeb) are most commonly used, leading to the emission to the aquatic environment of both active ingredients, often resulting in mixtures. The present study aimed at determining the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos, mancozeb, and their combination to guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata). A 96 h survival assay was conducted on male guppies exposed to the individual pesticides and their equitoxic mixtures. Mortality data were analyzed using a logistic dose-response model, and the toxicity of the mixtures was analyzed using the Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) models. Chlorpyrifos was slightly more toxic to P. reticulata than mancozeb, with LC50s of 1.81 and 3.45 mg a.i./L, respectively. The combination of chlorpyrifos and mancozeb resulted in enhanced toxicity due to synergistic interaction according to the CA model, which suggests different modes of action of the two active ingredients. When analyzed using the IA model, the interaction, however, was also synergistic. These findings highlight the need to assess both single and combined pesticide exposures in ecological risk evaluations and emphasize cautious use of pesticide mixtures to protect aquatic ecosystems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: carbamate
  topic: keywords
subject: equitoxic mixture
  topic: keywords
subject: guppy fish
  topic: keywords
subject: organophosphate
  topic: keywords
subject: pesticide mixtures
  topic: keywords
creator: Rully Adi Nugroho
creator: Andhika Ryan Wijaya
creator: Desti Christian Cahyaningrum
creator: Cornelis Adrianus Maria Van Gestel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 339
ending page: 348
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24296

Quantification of Bioactives and Bioactivities in Different Parts of Abelmoschus esculentus
type: item
description: The presence of natural antioxidants in medicinal plants plays a crucial role in inhibiting the detrimental effects of oxidative stress. The aim of this research is to explore more deeply all parts of A. esculenta L from flowers, fruits, seeds, leaves, and stems for the levels of compounds and antioxidant and enzyme inhibitor activities. The flowers demonstrated the highest TPC with 173.15942 ± 6.5083 mg GAE/g. The stems exhibited the lowest TPC value at 69.1967 ± 2.8408 mg GAE/g. The flowers also showed TFC value of 83.157 ± 2.021 mg QE/g while the stems displayed the lowest with 36.7240 ± 1.337 mg QE/g. IC50 value that the flowers possessed the highest antioxidant activity with 22.6539 ± 1.6452 mg/mL, whereas the stems displayed a slightly lower. In terms of the inhibitor of a-amylase activity, the flowers had an IC50 value of 102.4885 ± 11.4370 mg/mL whereas the stems had a lower. The highest IC50 value of the a-glucosidase inhibitor was 76.95 ± 12.0888 mg/mL in the flowers, and the lowest was in the stems. The highest IC50 of pancreatic lipase inhibitor was 109.5943 ± 9.7391 mg/mL in the flowers, and the lowest was in the stems. This study show that there is a relationship between the high content of total phenolic and total flavonoids on antioxidants, antidiabetic and antilipase activities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abelmoschus esculentus L.
  topic: keywords
subject: Antioxidant
  topic: keywords
subject: -Amylase
  topic: keywords
subject: -Glucosidase
  topic: keywords
subject: Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitor
  topic: keywords
creator: Christina Astutiningsih
creator: Ririn Suharsanti
creator: Wan Ismahanisa Ismail
creator: Mohammad Imam Sufiyanto
creator: Faidliyah Nilna Minah
creator: Sri Firmiaty
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 210
ending page: 226
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.24073

Quantitative Literacy-based Laboratory Activity Design on the Effect of Color Spectra on Photosynthetic Rate
type: item
description: The Ingenhousz photosynthesis experiment conducted in schools aims to verify the concept of plants producing oxygen. However, opportunities to develop students’ quantitative literacy and train science process skills (SPSs) remain limited, as photosynthesis experiments commonly employed in schools are predominantly qualitative. This research aimed to develop an alternative photosynthesis laboratory activity design (LAD) based on an analysis of existing LADs to enhance students’ quantitative literacy and SPSs. Using the Research and Development (R&D) method, this research focused on the effect of color spectra on photosynthetic rate—an aspect that presents novelty of this research. The existing LADs were analyzed in terms of relevance, competence, knowledge construction, and practical aspects, resulting in 83.3% (very good), 43.1% (fair), 58.3% (fair), and 55.6% (fair), respectively. The analysis results of these four aspects are the basis for developing the alternative LAD. The alternative LAD was developed and then validated, resulting in a validity value of 0.915, which is categorized as valid. The alternative LAD trial demonstrated that it can collect quantitative data and enhance students’ quantitative literacy and SPSs, with the blue light spectrum producing the highest photosynthetic rate at 0.4 ml/g. The quantitative literacy-based LAD fosters data-driven thinking crucial for future scientific inquiry. This supports cultivating more analytically skilled students equipped to face real-world environmental and scientific challenges.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Color spectrum
  topic: keywords
subject: quantitative literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: experiment design
  topic: keywords
subject: Ingenhousz experiment
  topic: keywords
subject: photosynthesis
  topic: keywords
creator: Kurnia Ningsih
creator: Anisyah Yuniarti
creator: Bambang Supriatno
creator: Mas Akhbar Faturrahman
creator: Mai Haruno
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 442
ending page: 454
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.23949

A Story-Based Virtual Laboratory Practicum in an Undergraduate Genetics Course to Improve Concept Understanding and Visual Literacy
type: item
description: Genetic concepts, particularly DNA technology, often lead to misconceptions among students. Integrating a virtual laboratory (VL) into coursework presents an innovative approach to enhancing concept understanding and visual literacy through interactive, story-based simulations that bridge theory and practice. This study aimed to analyze the students' concept understanding and visual literacy improvement by applying a VL to teach DNA Test Simulation (Paternity Test) using a contextual narrative method. The research was conducted in the Science Education undergraduate program with a purposive total sampling of students enrolled in Genetics (First Semester 2024/2025), utilizing an open-source web-based VL platform. Pretest and posttest assessments measured students' concept understanding and visual literacy before and after VL integration. The findings reveal a significant improvement, with concept understanding rising from an average pretest score of 42.6 to posttest 69.9 (N-Gain 0.46) and visual literacy increasing from 53.8 to 71.8 (N-Gain 0.37). Furthermore, 97% of students were satisfied with the VL-based learning method. This research contributes to knowledge and science development by demonstrating that VL can improve concept learning and visual literacy in genetics education. It offers an accessible and scalable solution for teaching complex DNA technology concepts, reducing reliance on costly wet laboratory experiments while maintaining scientific rigor. Beyond academia, the study supports broader educational equity, making advanced molecular biology concepts more available to diverse learners and fostering scientific literacy in society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: virtual laboratory
  topic: keywords
subject: story-based practicum
  topic: keywords
subject: concept understanding
  topic: keywords
subject: visual literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: undergraduate students
  topic: keywords
creator: Fidia Fibriana
creator: Zaenal Abidin
creator: M Ahganiya Naufal
creator: Hendra Febriyanto
creator: Fattah Alma’ruf
creator: Kaylha Salsabilla Nurazizah
creator: Nuraini Septia Ningrum
creator: Apichat Upaichit
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-20
publication date: 2025-08-20
starting page: 281
ending page: 291
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.23901

Parental Diet Exposure and High-Sugar-Fat Intake Effect on Glucose, Triglyceride and Cholesterol Hemolymph Level of Drosophila melanogaster across Five Generations
type: item
description: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is influenced by parental traits and diet. Drosophila melanogaster is a potential disease model organism, sharing physiology and genetic similarities with humans. Previous research had focused on Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism for obesity and diabetes, but not for MetS. This research aimed to determine the effect of both parental diet and high sugar fat (HSF) intake on glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride hemolymph levels of Drosophila melanogaster. Wild flies were purified in either control (standard) or MetS media (extra 3% sucrose and palm oil). Seventy-five pairs were divided into 5 groups, according to parental origin and feeding media, and maintained in five generations (F1-F5). Glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels were measured using a colorimetric assay in three replications of each generation per group. Glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels were significantly different in all treatment than control groups, and across generations in each group (p<0.05). Higher glucose and triglyceride levels appeared in the youngest generation (F5) of all groups, and in the flies reared on HSF diets. Maternal HSF-exposed groups demonstrated a more pronounced impact of parental metabolic-state on the glucose and triglyceride levels of the earlier generation. These findings highlight that parental exposure to HSF and prolonged HSF intake independently and synergistically lead to persistent and amplified metabolic dysregulation across generations. Drosophila melanogaster, modeled in this study, represents a novel experimental organism that is suitable for studying the epigenetics of MetS, gaining more consideration for the metabolic health consequences of long-term dietary habits and parental metabolic-state.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: parental diet
  topic: keywords
subject: epigenetics
  topic: keywords
subject: fruit flies
  topic: keywords
subject: metabolic syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: model organism
  topic: keywords
creator: Kartika Ratna Pertiwi
creator: Paramita Cahyaningrum Kuswandi
creator: Rizqa Devi Anazifa
creator: Haniza Hanim Mohd Zain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 260
ending page: 271
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.23709

Fish Community Assessment in Serayu Moveable Dam Post-Catastrophic Mortality
type: item
description: Catastrophic mortality occurred in the fish community at Serayu Movable Dam in 2022. The phenomenon was caused by severe water quality alteration due to sediment flushing from Panglima Besar Soedirman Dam. After the incident, the fish community in the reservoir has never been evaluated. This study aimed to assess the fish community status in the Serayu Movable Dam post-catastrophic mortality in 2022. The study was conducted using a survey method, and fish samples were collected three times at six sampling sites at an interval of two weeks. Fish identification was done using the identification key in the references. Various community and water quality parameters were measured. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively by comparing them with standards in the literature. A total of 27 species were identified with a richness index of 4.564, relative abundance of 0.037, diversity index of 2.111, evenness index of 0.693, and dominance index of 0.259. The data proved that the fish community in Serayu Movable Dam has recovered after two years of catastrophic mortality in 2022. It could be due to the characteristic of the riverine ecosystem that can revert due to the continuous replacement of water from various tributaries that flow into the Serayu River in the upstream part of the Serayu Movable Dam, as shown by good water quality. It can be concluded that high ichthyofauna diversity was observed in the Serayu Moveable Dam post-catastrophic mortality. The data are essential scientific bases for sediment flushing management at P.B. Soedirman Dam and management of freshwater fish community in Serayu Movable Dam.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: abundance
  topic: keywords
subject: community
  topic: keywords
subject: diversity
  topic: keywords
subject: dominance
  topic: keywords
subject: moveable dam
  topic: keywords
creator: Dwi Nugroho Wibowo
creator: Siti Rukayah
creator: Chukwudi Michael Ikegwu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 455
ending page: 465
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.22928

Optimizing Canang Flower Waste Extract for Staining Fasciolopsis buski Eggs: An Enhancement of the Kato-Katz Method
type: item
description: Fasciolopsis buski is a parasitic helminth that can infect humans. Diagnosing helminthiasis can be confirmed through fecal testing utilizing the Kato-Katz method. The Kato-Katz method employs methylene blue staining, which poses environmental hazards due to its carcinogenic characteristics. An alternative to staining is the use of a canang, a common Balinese item used for prayers. The utilized waste canang flowers were Tagetes erecta, Impatiens balsamina (red), and Impatiens balsamina (purple). The research began with an extraction procedure that involved cutting the flowers into small pieces, resulting in approximately 500 grams of fragments. The flower components were macerated in two liters of 96% ethanol for five days. Additionally, cellophane immersion of the extracted findings was performed. The findings indicated that each sample from the three treatment groups (T1, 1%; T2, 2%; and T3, 3%) and the two control groups. Sub-analysis testing evaluated the quantity of helminth eggs, quantified as eggs per gram of feces via field-of-view observation. The T3 (3%) exhibited results that were not statistically significantly different (P>0.05) from the positive control group. The T3 (3%) test provides the most favorable and optimal results as a substitute for methylene blue in microscopic staining evaluations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fasciolopsis buski
  topic: keywords
subject: Helminthiasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Impatiens balsamina
  topic: keywords
subject: Methylene blue
  topic: keywords
subject: Tagetes erecta
  topic: keywords
creator: I Komang Tri Yasa Widnyana
creator: Kadek Indira Maheswari
creator: Putu Sathiya Adi Janendra
creator: Dewa Gede Putra Mahayana
creator: Indra Dwisaputra
creator: Made Bayu Permasutha
creator: Irma Rahmayani
creator: Metamalik Pasala
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 227
ending page: 236
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22829

Fish Diversity and Phylogenetics in the Lakes of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Based on eDNA
type: item
description: Indonesia is home to 1,248 species of freshwater fish, which play a vital role in sustaining the ecosystem. Lakes Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, and Ranu Darungan, located within the Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, lack data on freshwater fish. This study aimed to assess fish diversity in these lakes using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and to establish phylogenetic relationships among the species present. Water samples were filtered using 0.45 µm mixed cellulose ester filter paper, after which the collected DNA was extracted utilizing a DNA miniprep kit. The 12S rRNA gene was amplified using the MiFish primer, and the amplicon DNA was sequenced with the Illumina MiSeq 2x250 platform. The sequences were aligned using Blast+ for species identification and subsequently analyzed for alpha and beta diversity. A phylogenetic tree was constructed with MEGA12. The findings revealed eight species from five families, with Gambusia affinis being the most abundant. Ranu Pani exhibited low species diversity, while Ranu Regulo and Ranu Darungan displayed moderate diversity. Beta diversity analysis indicated similarities between Ranu Pani and Ranu Regulo, but distinct communities were found in Ranu Darungan. Phylogenetic analysis showed close relationships between species from the Cichlidae and Osphronemidae families, while a more distant relationship was observed with the Cyprinidae family. These baseline data can serve as a reference for future research on developing conservation strategies, monitoring environmental changes, and supporting biodiversity management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 12S rRNA
  topic: keywords
subject: Diversity
  topic: keywords
subject: eDNA
  topic: keywords
subject: Freshwater Fish
  topic: keywords
subject: Metabarcoding
  topic: keywords
creator: Wilsen Chuanata
creator: Ari Susilowati
creator: Agung Budiharjo
creator: Justin M. J. Travis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 304
ending page: 315
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22842

Valorization of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Waste Enhanced with Molasses for Erythritol Production
type: item
description: Indonesia, a leading palm oil producer, generates 1,250 tons of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) waste daily, typically disposed of through polluting combustion. This study explores repurposing OPEFB as a substrate for erythritol production, a popular sweetener with minimal impact on blood sugar. The research utilized Moniliella pollinis mutant SP5, a yeast capable of producing erythritol from various substrates. The process involved acid hydrolysis of OPEFB followed by fermentation. When fortified with 15% v/v molasses, OPEFB successfully served as an optimal carbon source for erythritol production, achieving a mass yield of 0.2878 g/g. Further improvement came through the use of ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis, with the best mutant (mutant 7) reaching a yield mass of 0.3298 g/g and volumetric productivity of 0.0534 g/L/h. This research aims to advance Indonesia's self-sufficiency in erythritol production while providing a sustainable solution for OPEFB waste reduction, simultaneously addressing economic and environmental concerns.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: erythritol
  topic: keywords
subject: molasses
  topic: keywords
subject: Moniliella pollinis
  topic: keywords
subject: mutagenesis
  topic: keywords
subject: OPEFB
  topic: keywords
creator: Jeffersen Hosea Setiabang
creator: Michael Ryan Fildy
creator: Kezia Zefanya Limawan
creator: Advent Roan Widiyono
creator: Nathanael Darrell Yonas
creator: Jocelyn Nataniel
creator: Indra Kurniawan Saputra
creator: Riahna Kembaren
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 249
ending page: 259
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22551

Probiotic Community of Dage Banyumas: Next Generation Sequencing Approach
type: item
description: Tempeh is known as a traditional fermented food that has been popular in Indonesia for hundreds of years. One of the tempeh that is widely consumed in Banyumas regency is Dage, which is made from fermented coconut waste. Currently, there is no information regarding the presence of probiotics in Dage. Therefore, this study aims to detect the diversity of probiotic types in the Dage tempeh microbiome using the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) approach. The research stages consisted of sampling, enrichment in MRSB and R2A media, DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Illumina NGS-based sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis using QIIME2 and MEGA XI software. The results showed that the Dage was dominated by bacteria from the genera Lactobacillus, Weisella, and Acetobacter, which are known as a group of probiotics. In addition, bacteria from the genus Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus were also detected. Diversity analysis showed that Dage enriched in R2A medium had higher species diversity than in MRSB medium. However, the presence of the probiotic bacteria group was more abundant in MRSB medium. The dominant amplicons by phylogenetic analysis were identified as Lactobacillus spicheri, Lactobacillus zymae, Lactobacillus crustorum, Companilactobacillus farciminis, Weisella paramesenteroides, and Acetobacter indonesianensis, which previously have several probiotic properties. These results provide novel information regarding the presence of probiotic bacteria in Dage, which can be explored further using a culturable approach.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Dage
  topic: keywords
subject: Probiotic
  topic: keywords
subject: Lactobacillus
  topic: keywords
subject: Next Generation Sequencing
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuriza Eshananda
creator: Synta Fadlilah
creator: Nabela Fikriyya
creator: Nur Fitrianto
creator: Hermin Kusumaningrum
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 237
ending page: 248
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.22518

Halotolerant Phosphat Solubilizing Bacteria from Paddy Saline Soil
type: item
description: Salinity stress on productive rice fields in coastal areas will have a negative impact on productivity through osmotic stress and nutrient deficiencies. Salinity stress causes high levels of Na and Cl in the soil, thus inhibiting phosphate absorption. Utilization of indigenous P-solubilizing bacteria from saline land is an alternative, environmentally friendly technology. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize P-solubilizing bacteria from saline rice fields. Soil samples were taken from the rice rhizosphere in Nyamplungsari Village, Peraturkan District, Pemalang Regency. Isolation and characterization were carried out at the Agronomy & Horticulture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, UNSOED. The variables observed included P solubility index, P solubilizing ability, IAA production, and bacterial identification using the 16S RNA method. The results of the study obtained 7 isolates of P-solubilizing bacteria that had the ability to solubilize P and produce IAA. Isolate KF is a P-solubilizing bacterium that has the highest P-solubilizing ability and is identified as Priestia megaterium strain NRRL B-350. Priestia megaterium strain NRRL B-350 is a species of P-solubilizing bacteria that has the potential to be developed as a specific biological fertilizer for saline soil to increase the growth and yield of rice plants under saline stress.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: rice, bacteria, solubilizing, P, IAA
  topic: keywords
creator: Purwanto Purwanto
creator: Retna Susanti
creator: Dwi Ayu Lutfiana Amalia
creator: Ni Wayan Anik Leana
creator: Eka Oktaviani
creator: Ruly Eko Kusuma Kurniawan
creator: Omer Ahmed Mohamed Omer
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
date: 2025-11-18
publication date: 2025-11-18
starting page: 415
ending page: 422
doi: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i3.22412