Population mapping in Kudus Regency using spectral built-up index with Google Earth Engine
Keywords:
Mapping population, Gridded population data, Built-up indices, Landsat 8, Google Earth EngineAbstract
Population data plays a pivotal role in environmental management and regional development. However, a significant challenge in Indonesia lies in the reliance on administrative boundaries for population data, hindering integration with physical environmental boundaries like watersheds or ecoregions. This article endeavors to map grid-based population distribution in Kudus Regency. Data sources encompass Landsat 8 satellite imagery, SRTM DEM, land cover maps (SHP), and census population data. The research methodology involves creating a settlement map via machine learning on Google Earth Engine, followed by the development of built-up land index transformations (NDBI, VrNIR-BI, VgNIR-BI) and subsequent linear regression analysis. Findings reveal that the grid-based population map derived from VrNIR-BI demonstrates superior accuracy compared to other indices. Errors in population mapping primarily stem from the amalgamation of dry agricultural land and non- settlement built-up land within the indices. Addressing this challenge entails employing a built-up land index capable of effectively discerning built-up areas from open land while accurately delineating urban and rural regions.
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