Application of the Circuit Training Method to Improve Physical Fitness Learning Outcomes Among Phase E Students at SMK Negeri 4 Semarang

Abstract

This study was motivated by the low learning outcomes in physical fitness among students of class X TM 1 at SMK Negeri 4 Semarang, as indicated by limited participation, low learning motivation, and unsatisfactory achievement in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. The study aimed to improve students’ physical fitness learning outcomes through the implementation of the circuit training method. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of two cycles involving planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The participants were 36 students of class X TM 1 at SMK Negeri 4 Semarang during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through observation, tests, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative techniques. The findings revealed improvements in all learning domains. The average cognitive score increased from 71.2 in the pre-cycle to 84.1 in Cycle II. The affective score improved from 70.1 to 86.2, while the psychomotor score increased from 67.0 to 85.4. Classical learning mastery also improved and exceeded 75% in all assessed domains. Therefore, the implementation of the circuit training method was proven effective in improving the physical fitness learning outcomes of students in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.