Perlindungan Hukum Konsumen atas Ketidaksesuaian Informasi Produk pada Cloud Kitchen

Abstract

The rapid growth of cloud kitchen businesses has transformed the way food products are marketed and distributed through digital platforms. However, the absence of direct interaction between consumers and business actors increases consumers’ dependence on digital representations of products, creating a greater risk of product information discrepancies. This study aims to analyze the legal protection available to consumers against product information discrepancies in cloud kitchen business models and to examine the liability of business actors for losses arising from such discrepancies. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The study relies on primary legal materials, including consumer protection and electronic transaction regulations, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of legal doctrines, scientific journals, and previous studies relevant to the research topic. The findings indicate that consumer legal protection is principally provided through the right to obtain accurate, clear, and honest information and through the obligation of business actors to provide truthful product information. Nevertheless, existing regulations remain general and have not specifically addressed the unique characteristics of cloud kitchen businesses that rely heavily on digital product representations. The study further finds that primary liability for losses resulting from product information discrepancies rests with cloud kitchen business actors as the parties responsible for creating and controlling the information presented to consumers. Therefore, strengthening standards for digital product information disclosure is necessary to enhance consumer protection and ensure greater transparency and accountability in digital food commerce.