Analysis Suminagashi Technique of Marbling Pattern Stability in Transfer Process Fabric Media: A Comparative Study on Satin, Polyester Blend, and Crepe

Abstract

This study examines the suminagashi marbling technique with a focus on pattern stability during the transfer process onto textile media. The objective is to analyze the effect of fabric type on the visual quality of marbling patterns and color fastness. A quantitative comparative experimental design was employed, testing three fabric types—satin polyester, polyester blend, and crepe—under controlled conditions. Fifteen trained panelists from the Fashion Education Program at Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) assessed the products using a validated observation sheet. The independent variable was fabric type based on fiber composition, while the dependent variables were marbling pattern quality and color fastness after washing. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test. Results showed no statistically significant difference in pattern quality (H = 3.22; p = 0.20) or color fastness (H = 4.61; p = 0.10) across fabric types, thus H₀ was accepted. Empirically, however, crepe fabric achieved the highest scores in both pattern quality (X̄ = 3.53; Very Good) and color fastness (X̄ = 3.80; Very Good), outperforming satin polyester (X̄ = 3.38 and 3.68) and polyester blend (X̄ = 3.03 and 2.85). The superior performance of crepe is attributed to its hygroscopic silk–rayon fiber composition and textured surface morphology, which facilitate deeper dye penetration and stable pattern transfer. All three fabrics are viable for suminagashi-based fashion accessories, with crepe yielding the highest aesthetic and functional quality.