Can Advocates’ Legal Culture in Civil Law Enforcement Drive Reform in Indonesia’s Modern Justice System?

Dian Latifiani; Baidhowi Baidhowi; Pratama Herry  Herlambang; Farkhan Radyafani Winarno; Ahmad Habiburrahman

doi:10.15294/jllr.v5i3.12988

Authors

Dian Latifiani Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang Author https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2119-2964
Baidhowi Baidhowi Faculty of Law Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7542-4479
Pratama Herry Herlambang Faculty of Law Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6746-2854
Farkhan Radyafani Winarno Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang Author
Ahmad Habiburrahman Al-Azhar University Author https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1046-1918

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v5i3.12988

Keywords:

Law Enforcement, advocate, modern justice

Abstract

This study examines the urgent need to reform the legal culture of advocates in Indonesia, specifically in relation to the use of e-court and e-litigation systems in civil law enforcement. These systems were designed to streamline legal processes, offering faster, cheaper, and more accessible trials for material parties. However, advocates have been slow to adopt these technologies, often sticking to traditional methods, which undermines their potential effectiveness. The novelty of this research lies in its exploration of how the legal culture of advocates can be reformed to better leverage e-court and e-litigation. Rather than focusing solely on the technical aspects of these systems, the study emphasizes the socio-legal implications of such reforms. Advocates, as both legal professionals and agents of social change, play a critical role in bridging the gap between new technologies and the material parties they represent. This research contributes to the development of civil procedural law and aims to improve the legal culture of both advocates and clients. Using a qualitative, socio-legal approach, the study gathers data through interviews, observations, document analysis, and personal experiences. The urgency of this reform is underscored by the need for advocates to fully embrace their role in Indonesia’s digital transformation of justice. The study also examines how regulatory tools like PERMA No. 1 of 2019 and No. 7 of 2022 can support these reforms, ultimately driving systemic change in Indonesia’s legal culture and enhancing the effectiveness of e-court and e-litigation.

References

Adhari, Ade, Imelda Martinelli, Indah Siti Amelia, and Leony Sondang. “Analysis of The Formulation of Criminal Provisions in Law Number 12 of 2012 Concerning Higher Education.” Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 23, no. 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2023.23.2.3654.

Amrullah, Heru Pratama Adnan. "The Existence of Legal Aid Institutions in Providing Legal Aid Amidst COVID-19 Outbreak." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 3, no. 2 (2021): 223-234.

Aria Alim Wijaya, Rilda Murniati, M. Wendy Trijaya. “Hak Eksekusi Kreditor Separatis Terhadap Benda Agunan Dalam Kepailitan.” Pactum Law Journal 2, no. 03 (2019): 713–24.

Atikah, Ika. “Implementasi E-Court Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Advokat dalam Proses Penyelesaian Perkara Di Indonesia.” Jurnal UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin, 2018.

Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Gema Keadilan 7, no. 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.

Blackman, Michael. “Intellectual Property: A Power Tool for Economic Growth.” World Patent Information 25, no. 4 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/s0172-2190(03)00075-9.

Cahyani, Fenny, Muhammad Junaidi, Zaenal Arifin, and Kadi Sukarna. “Kedudukan Hak Imunitas Advokat di Indonesia.” Jurnal USM Law Review 4, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v4i1.3328.

Fernando, Zico Junius, et al. "Robot Lawyer in Indonesian Criminal Justice System: Problems and Challenges for Future Law Enforcement." Lex Scientia Law Review 7, no. 2 (2023): 489-528.

Fikry, Ahmad Habib Al, Muhammad Riyan Afandi, and Dian Latifiani. “National Law Development through Civil Procedure Law Reform as a Manifestation of State Goals during the Covid-19 Pandemic.” Lex Scientia Law Review 5, no. 2 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v5i2.50483.

Harahap, Yahya. Hukum Acara Perdata: Tentang Gugatan, Persidangan, Penyitaan, Pembuktian, Dan Putusan Pengadilan. (Jakarta:Sinar Grafika, 2017).

Helmi, Muhammad. “Penemuan Hukum Oleh Hakim Berdasarkan Paradigma Konstruktivisme.” Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 22, no. 1 (2020): 111–32. https://doi.org/10.24815/kanun.v22i1.14792.

Indra Mangiwa, Marthen, Elfrida Ratnawati Gultom, and Marthen Indra Mangiwa. “Peran Advokat Dalam Menangani Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual Terkait Budaya Hukum di Tengah Masyarakat.” UNES Law Review 5, no. 2 (2022).

Khalil, Iskandar. "Overview of The Advocate Profession and Its Role in Supporting the Rule of Law." JLAST: Journal of Law and Social Transformation 1, no. 1 (2023): 51-66.

Laily, Farah Nur, and Fatma Ulfatun Najicha. “Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Sebagai Upaya Mengatasi Permasalahan Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia.” Wacana Paramarta: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 21, no. 2 (2022): 17–26.

Latifiani, Dian, Nur Arif Nugraha, Anis Widyawati, Akhmad Khalimy, Muhammad Iqbal Baiquni, Asmarani Ramli, and Pratama Herry Herlambang. “The Revitalizing Indonesia’s Religious Courts System: The Modernization Impacts and Potentials of E-Court.” Jurnal Hukum Unissula 40, no. 1 (2024): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.26532/jh.v40i1.32279.

Latifiani, Dian, Al Fikry AH, Winarno FR, Sumartono NND. Panduan Beracara Perdata Secara Elektronik Bagi Pencari Keadilan. (Semarang: UNNES Press, 2021).

Latifiani, Dian, Baidhowi Baidhowi, Rohmat Rohmat, Florentina P, Winarno FR. Teknis Penggunaan E Court. 1st ed. (Semarang: Fastindo, 2021).

Latifiani, Dian. Budaya Hukum E-Court Masyarakat Desa. Edited by Ridwan Arifin. (Semarang: BPFH UNNES, 2020).

Latifiani, Dian. Hukum Acara Perdata Dalam Praktik Peradilan Secara Elektronik. (Semarang: UNNES Press, 2023).

Latifiani, Dian. “Human Attitude And Technology: Analyzing a Legal Culture On Electronic Court System In Indonesia (Case of Religious Court).” Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 6, no. 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v6i1.44450.

Latifiani, Dian, Agus Sarono, Esmi Warassih Pudjirahayu, Suryo Adi Widigdo, and Nur Arif Nugraha. “Implementation of Simple , Fast and Low-Cost Principles in E-Summons With the E-Court System” 08, no. 1 (2023): 107–23.

Latifiani, Dian, et al. "Advocate as law enforcer in the implementation of e-court." International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change 11, no. 4 (2020).

Latifiani, Dian, Yusriadi Yusriadi, Agus Sarono, Habib Al Fikry, and Mohammad Nur Cholis. “Reconstruction of E-Court Legal Culture in Civil Law Enforcement.” Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 7, no. 2 (2022): 409–48.

Lev, Daniel S. "The origins of the Indonesian advocacy." Legal Evolution and Political Authority in Indonesia. (Leiden: Brill Nijhoff, 2000), pp. 245-282.

Lisfer Berutu. “Mewujudkan Peradilan Sederhana, Cepat Dan Biaya Ringan Dengan e- Court.” Jurnal Ilmiah Dunia Hukum 5, no. 1 (2020).

Mahkamah Agung RI. “PERMA No.7 Tahun 2022 Tentang Administrasi Perkara Dan Persidangan Secara Elektronik,” 2022, 1–13.

Menkel-Meadow, Carrie. "Ethics in alternative dispute resolution: New issues, no answers from the adversary conception of lawyers’ responsibilities." Mediation. (London: Routledge, 2018), pp. 429-476.

Noor, Muhammad Budian. “Upaya Peningkatan Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat.” De Cive : Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 2, no. 8 (2022). https://doi.org/10.56393/decive.v2i8.1599.

Peace Hasibuan, Mutiara Nora, and Mujiono Hafidh Prasetyo. “Kedudukan Advokat Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Ius Constituendum 7, no. 1 (2022). https://doi.org/10.26623/jic.v7i1.4629.

Rahardjo, Satjipto. Ilmu Hukum Cetakan Kedelapan. NPT Citra Aditya Bakti, 2014.

Ridder, Hans Gerd, Matthew B. Miles, A. Michael Huberman, and Johnny Saldaña. “Qualitative Data Analysis. A Methods Sourcebook.” Zeitschrift Fur Personalforschung 28, no. 4 (2014).

Rizky, Fadhilah, Aftriani Putri, Ikhda Fitria, and Dian Latifiani. “Hambatan Pembuktian Dalam Pelaksanaan E-Litigasi Guna Mendukung Pembaharuan Hukum Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0.” Jurnal Hukum Prioris 8, no. 2 (2020): 152–77.

Sacks, Albert M. "Legal Education and the Changing Role of Lawyers in Dispute Resolution." Journal of Legal Education 34, no. 2 (1984): 237-244.

Satria, Rio. “Persidangan Secara Elektronik (E-Litigasi) Di Pengadilan Agama.” Badilag, MA, 2019.

Setiawan, Annisa Dita, Artaji, and Sherly Ayuna Putri. “Implementasi Sistem E-Court Dalam Penegakan Hukum Di Pengadilan Negeri.” Jurnal Poros Hukum Padjadjaran 2, no. 2 (2021): 198–217. https://doi.org/10.23920/jphp.v2i2.352.

Siregar, Risdalina. “Hubungan Antara Advokat dengan Klien dalam Penegakan Hukum Perdata.” Jurnal Ilmiah Advokasi 7, no. 1 (2019). https://doi.org/10.36987/jiad.v7i1.241.

Solikin, Nur, and Anis Rohmatullah. "The Regulatory Reform of Advocate Organizations in Proposing Oath of Prospective Advocates in Indonesia." Jurnal Kajian Pembaruan Hukum 2, no. 2 (2022): 133-154.

Sugiarto, Eko. Menyusun Proposal Penelitian Kualitatif Skripsi dan Tesis. (Yogyakarta: Suaka Media, 2015).

Sugiyono, Sugiyono. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R&D. (Malang: Universitas Negeri Malang, 2006).

Triana, Angreani, and Taun. “Efektivitas Implementasi E-Court Sebagai Perwujudan Peradilan Cepat, Sederhana Dan Biaya Ringan Di Pengadilan Negeri Karawang.” Jurnal Kertha Semaya 9, no. 7 (2021).

Winata, Muhammad Reza, Erlina M. C. Sinaga, Sharfina Sabila, and Rizkisyabana Yulistyaputri. “Criminal Legal Policy and Unconstitutionality on Contempt of Ruler or Public Body.” Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 9, no. 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.9.1.2020.71-98.

Wulandari, Cahya, Sonny Saptoajie Wicaksono, and Umi Faridatul Khikmah. "Paralegal Existence in Providing Access to Justice for the Poor in Central Java." Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies 4, no. 2 (2019): 199-206.

Yahya, M. Yusuf, and Harwis Alimuddin. “Roscou Pound: Hukum Sebagai Alat Rekayasa Sosial (Keterhubungannya Dengan Kaidah La Yunkaru Tagayyur Al-Ahkam bi Tagayyuri Azzaman).” Indonesian Journal of Shariah and Justice 2, no. 2 (2022). https://doi.org/10.46339/ijsj.v2i2.22.

Zhang, P, X Shi, S U Khan, B Ferreira, B Portela, T Oliveira, G Borges, et al. “IEEE Draft Standard for Spectrum Characterization and Occupancy Sensing.” In IEEE Access, Vol. 9, 2019.