Analysis of the Effect of Cutting Speed on Surface Quality in AISI 1045 Steel Turning: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Surface quality is one of the important parameters in the turning process because it affects the performance and service life of mechanical components. Cutting speed is a cutting parameter that has a significant influence on the quality of the machining surface. This study aims to analyze the effect of cutting speed on surface quality in the turning process of AISI 1045 Steel using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Four relevant studies were included in the final synthesis.  Data were obtained through the search and selection of relevant scientific articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been set. The results of the study show that increasing the cutting speed to the optimum range tends to reduce the surface roughness value (Ra) because  the cutting process occurs more stably and the formation of built-up edges can be minimized. Conversely,  Excessively high cutting speeds can increase cutting temperature and tool wear, resulting in decreased surface quality. In addition to cutting speed, other factors such as feed rate, cutting depth, chisel material, and the use of coolant also affect the surface quality of the turning. Therefore, optimization of cutting parameters is necessary to obtain optimal surface quality in the turning of AISI 1045 Steel.