Legal Dynamics of Inheritance Across Religions Between Heirs and Beneficiaries in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v9i1.13481Keywords:
Indonesian inheritance law, interfaith inheritance, islamic inheritance, Civil Code Inheritance, Mandatory WillsAbstract
This article discusses the legal dynamics of inheritance of different religions between the testator and the heirs in Indonesia by comparing the inheritance law in the Civil Code and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). The method in this article is legal research. This research is prescriptive, which is to provide an assessment of something that should be done. This research uses a case approach, namely by examining the legal reasons (ratio decidendi) used by the judge in the decision or determination. The results of this article conclude that according to inheritance law in the Civil Code, there is no recognition of religious differences as a barrier to inheritance, in other words, it is valid for people of different religions to become heirs or inherit. Whereas in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), religious differences are a barrier for someone to get an inheritance from the heir. Although Islamic law and KHI do not recognize inheritance of different religions, the case of inheritance of different religions between the testator and the heir in Indonesia in several Supreme Court Decisions in Indonesia can be concluded that the Panel of Judges who decide cases regarding heirs of different religions with the testator can obtain inheritance through compulsory probate.
References
Aniroh, R. N. (2020). Mempertegas Ide Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Sistem Kewarisan Bilateral Sistem Waris Bilateral Pasca Hazairin. Al-Ahwal, 13(2), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2020.13203
Arif, M. R. (2017). Pemberian Wasiat Wajibah Terhadap Ahli Waris Beda Agama (Kajian Perbandingan Hukum Antara Hukum Islam dan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 368.K/AG/1995). De Lega Lata: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(2), 351–372. https://doi.org/10.30596/dll.v2i2.1161
Assaad, A. S., Qudsy, S. Z., Hasyim, B., Badollahi, M. T., & Haddade, A. W. (2022). Gender Equity in Inheritance System: The Collaboration of Islamic and Bugis Luwu Customary Law. Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial, 17(2), 458–479. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-Ihkam.v17i2.6761
Baihaki, A. (2021). Penerapan Wasiat Wajibah dalam Putusan Penyelesaian Sengketa Waris Beda Agama Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Islam. KRTHA BHAYANGKARA, 15(1), 117–142. https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v15i1.588
Djawas, M., Hasballah, K., Devi, S., Kadir, M. A., & Abda, Y. (2022). The Construction of Islamic Inheritance Law: A Comparative Study of the Islamic Jurisprudence and the Compilation of Islamic Law. Juris: Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah, 21(2), 207–219. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v21i2.7495
Fahimah, I., Suwarjin, Gusmansyah, W., Zubaedi, & Jayusman. (2024). Interfaith Inheritance within Muslim Families in Indonesia: Practices, Philosophical Foundations, and Prospects for the Development of National Inheritance Law. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 24(2), 379–396. https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v24i2.40907
Gani, N. A. (2017). Wasiat Wajibah Sebagai Penemuan Hukum Oleh Hakim dalam Perkara Waris Beda Agama (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 16 K/Ag/2010). Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 6(2), 317–336. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.6.2.2017.317-336
Hakim, M. L., & Pontianak, I. (2024). Between Hibah and Waṣiat Wājibah for Non-Muslims : Expansive Legal Interpretations by Indonesian Religious Judges in Inheritance Cases. Al-Ahwal : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 17(2), 147–166. https://doi.org/10.14421/ahwal.2024.17201
Hayati, A., Haris, R. M., & Hasibuan, Z. (2015). Hukum Waris (M. S. A. Nasution (ed.)). CV. Manhaji.
Hermanto, A., Fikri, A., & Hidayat, I. N. (2022). Menyoal Tentang Perkawinan Beda Agama dan Akibatnya terhadap Hak Waris di Indonesia. Mutawasith: Jurnal Hukum Islam, 5(1), 68–83. https://doi.org/10.47971/mjhi.v5i1.433
Khosyi’ah, S., Irfan, M., Maylawati, D. S., & Mukhlas, O. S. (2018). Analysis of Rules for Islamic Inheritance Law in Indonesia Using Hybrid Rule Based Learning. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 288(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/288/1/012133
Kurahman, O. T., Gerhana, Y. A., Perdana, F. A., Syarifuddin, U., Khosyi’Ah, S., Lukman, N., & Taufik, I. (2018). The Implementation of Breadth First Search in Determining of Waris. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 434(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/434/1/012033
Maizal, A. Z., Eva, Y., & Marwan, S. (2022). Kewarisan Beda Agama dalam Putusan-Putusan Hakim di Indonesia. Al-Qisthu: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Hukum, 20(2), 143–155. https://doi.org/10.32694/qst.v20i2.1927
Manan, A. (2014). Aneka Masalah Hukum Perdata Islam Di Indonesia (4th ed.). Kencana.
Marzuki, P. M. (2014). Penelitian Hukum Edisi Revisi (Cet. 9). Kencana.
Musafaah, S., Sunan, U. I. N., & Surabaya, A. (2023). Hazairin’s Interpretation of Inheritance Verses in the Qur’an and Its Influence on the Compilation OF Islamic Law. JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN ISLAM, 17(1), 147–168. https://doi.org/10.15642/JIIS.2023.17.1.147-168
Noviyanti, L. (2023). Penerapan Wasiat Wajibah Terhadap Ahli Waris Non Muslim Dari Prespektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI)(Suatu Analisis Dari Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 331/K/Ag/2018/MA). UNES Law Review, 6(1), 4027–4033. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i1
Nugroho, S. S. (2016). Hukum Waris Adat di Indonesia (Farkhani (ed.)). Pustaka Iltizam.
Raharjo, A. P., & Dwi Putri, E. F. (2019). Analisis Pemberian Wasiat Wajibah terhadap Ahli Waris Beda Agama Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 331 K/Ag/2018. Jurnal Suara Hukum, 1(2), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.26740/jsh.v1n2.p172-185
Rahman, A., Lohalo, G. O., Imširović, M., & Paidi, Z. Bin. (2024). Compulsory Testament: State Intervention in the Protection and Fulfillment of Human Rights of Non-Muslim Heirs. Law Reform: Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 20(2), 301–328. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v20i2.64957
Republik Indonesia. (1991). Intruksi Presiden Nomor 1 Tahun 1991 tentang Penyebarluasan Kompilasi Hukum Islam.
Rohmawati. (2018). Progresivitas Hukum Kewarisan Beda Agama di Indonesia Berbasis Keadilan dan Maṣlahah. International Journal Ihya’ ’Ulum Al-Din, 20(2), 217–240. https://doi.org/10.21580/ihya.20.2.4047
Saniah, N., Yuslem, N., & Matsum, H. (2023). Analysis of Maqâshid Sharî’a on Substitute Heir in Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). Al-’Adalah, 20(1), 35–60. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v20i1.16062
Septiana, Y., Kurniadi, D., & Mulyani, A. (2017). Perancangan Program Aplikasi Faraidh sebagai Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pembagian Harta Waris Berorientasi Solver. Jurnal Algoritma, 14(2), 582–588. https://doi.org/10.33364/algoritma/v.14-2.582
Setiyowati. (2022). Inheritance Dispute Resolution against Substitute Heirs: Analyzing Supreme Court’s Decision Number 185 K/Ag/2009. Croatian International Relations Review, 28(89), 136–149. https://doi.org/10.2478/CIRR-2022-0008
Subekti, R., & Tjitrosudibio, R. (2013). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata (Burgerlijk wetboek): Dengan Tambahan Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria dan Undang-Undang Perkawinan. Pradnya Paramita.
Suwarti, Khunmay, D., & Abannokovya, S. (2022). Conflicts Occurring Due to the Application of Different Legal Inheritance Systems in Indonesia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 30(2), 214–227. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i2.21020
Tohari, C. (2017). Rekonstruksi Hukum Kewarisan Beda Agama Ditinjau dari Al-Ushūl Al-Khamsah. Mazahib Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam, 16(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.21093/mj.v16i1.625
Tohari, C. (2018). Sistem Kewarisan Bilateral Ditinjau dari Perspektif Hukum Islam. Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum, 15(1), 63–90. https://doi.org/10.32332/istinbath.v15i1.1094
Wahyudi, M. I. (2015). Penegakan Keadilan dalam Kewarisan Beda Agama: Kajian Lima Penetapan dan Dua Putusan Pengadilan Agama dalam Perkara Waris Beda Agama. Jurnal Yudisial, 8(3), 269–288. https://doi.org/10.29123/jy.v8i3.58
Wahyudi, M. I. (2021). Melacak Illat Hukum Larangan Waris Beda Agama. Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan, 10(1), 155. https://doi.org/10.25216/jhp.10.1.2021.155-172
Zaelani, A. Q., Faisal, Fajar, M. S., & Hanif, A. (2023). An Implementation of the Joint Inheritance Division of Ethnic Groups in Lampung, Indonesia. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Dan Hukum Islam, 7(3), 1373–1396. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i3.9125
Zubair, A., Latif, H., & Hariyanto, A. F. D. (2022). The Construction of Inheritance Law Reform in Indonesia: Questioning the Transfer of Properties through Wasiat Wājibah to Non-Muslim Heirs. Samarah, 6(1), 176–197. https://doi.org/10.22373/SJHK.V6I1.12628
Zulfa, A. N., & Permana, M. Y. G. (2023). Yurisprudensi MA No.1/Yur/Ag/2018 Tentang Pemberian Wasiat Wajibah Kepada Ahli Waris Non Muslim Perspektif Hukum Islam. Islamika: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 23(1), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.32939/islamika.v23i1.2499
Downloads
Published
Article ID
13481Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ardina Khoirun Nisa, Zulfahmi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Private and Commercial Law adheres to the principles of the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) by providing immediate, free, and open access to all published content. All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0). Under this license, users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, and adapt the published works in any medium or format, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source, a link to the license is included, and any changes made are clearly indicated. The use of the material is strictly limited to non-commercial purposes only.
Authors retain copyright of their work without any restriction. The journal does not transfer copyright from authors; instead, authors grant the journal the right of first publication while maintaining full ownership of their intellectual property. This ensures that authors preserve their rights while enabling wide dissemination and accessibility of their research in accordance with open access principles and DOAJ standards.
