Designing Learning Instructional Theory Topics Special Lines Triangle with Augmented Reality: A Design Research

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v16i1.2226

Keywords:

Special Lines, Triangles, Augmented Reality, Design Research

Abstract

Geometry is still most commonly taught using two-dimensional media such as a blackboard. What is presented on the whiteboard can have varied points of view depending on the circumstances.  The digitalization of learning is progressing in tandem with the most recent technical breakthroughs, such as Augmented Reality (AR). The purpose of this research is to create a learning design for specific triangle line material in the context of the Musi 6 Bridge utilizing AR. The research was conducted on junior high school students. This design research has three stages: experiment preparation, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. Observation, interview, documentation, and test were used to obtain data. This study developed a Local Instruction Theory (LIT) comprising five sequenced activities using the Musi 6 Palembang Bridge context and augmented reality (AR) technology. It consists of 5 activities: observing AR of Musi 6 bridge, defining height line, defining bisector line, defining median of a triangle, defining axis lines in a triangle. The study's findings revealed that, students in cycle-2 did not do better on the preliminary test than students in cycle-1, their grasp of special lines of triangles performed better than students in cycle-1. This difference shows how the activity sheet in cycle-2 provides more convenience for students in understanding the material with additional activities at the beginning of cycle-2 to recall the prerequisite material contained in the TKA. Revisions to the activity sheet made on the activity sheet include: easier AR access, AR is made more real in front of students without background, Geogebra applet is made easier to access and operate by students. This study shows that integrating AR-GeoGebra into geometry instruction (1) improves conceptual understanding through interactive 3D visualization and (2) bridges hypothetical-actual learning trajectories via real-time conjecture adjustments, while emphasizing the need for infrastructure support and teacher training. With contextual modifications, the results suggest an adaptive pedagogical model that can be used in all STEM fields.

Abstrak

Geometri masih paling sering diajarkan menggunakan media dua dimensi seperti papan tulis. Apa yang disajikan di papan tulis dapat memiliki sudut pandang yang berbeda-beda tergantung pada keadaannya. Digitalisasi pembelajaran mengalami kemajuan seiring dengan terobosan teknis terkini, seperti Augmented Reality (AR). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat desain pembelajaran materi garis segitiga tertentu pada konteks Jembatan Musi 6 dengan memanfaatkan AR. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama. Penelitian desain ini memiliki tiga tahap: persiapan eksperimen, desain eksperimen, dan analisis retrospektif. Observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes digunakan untuk memperoleh data. Penelitian ini mengembangkan Teori Pembelajaran Lokal (LIT) yang terdiri dari lima kegiatan berurutan menggunakan konteks Jembatan Musi 6 Palembang dan teknologi augmented reality (AR). LIT terdiri dari 5 kegiatan yaitu mengamati AR jembatan Musi 6, menentukan garis ketinggian, menentukan garis bagi, menentukan garis berat, menentukan garis sumbu pada suatu segitiga. Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa, siswa pada siklus-2 tidak mengerjakan tes pendahuluan lebih baik dibandingkan siswa pada siklus-1, pemahaman mereka terhadap garis-garis khusus segitiga lebih baik daripada siswa pada siklus-1. Perbedaan ini menunjukkan bahwa lembar kegiatan pada siklus-2 memberikan kemudahan bagi siswa dalam memahami materi dengan kegiatan tambahan di awal siklus-2  untuk mengingat kembali materi prasyarat yang ada pada TKA. Revisi lembar kegiatan yang dilakukan pada lembar kegiatan antara lain: akses AR lebih mudah, AR dibuat lebih nyata di depan siswa tanpa latar belakang, applet Geogebra dibuat lebih mudah diakses dan dioperasikan oleh siswa. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa mengintegrasikan AR-GeoGebra ke dalam pembelajaran geometri (1) meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual melalui visualisasi 3D interaktif dan (2) menjembatani lintasan pembelajaran hipotetis-aktual melalui penyesuaian dugaan waktu nyata, sekaligus menekankan perlunya dukungan infrastruktur dan pelatihan guru. Dengan modifikasi kontekstual, hasilnya menunjukkan model pedagogis adaptif yang dapat digunakan di semua bidang STEM.

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Published

2025-06-30

Article ID

2226

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