Social Media Impact on Women's and Children's Rights in Armed Conflicts: Legal Assertions by Third States?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/lslr.v8i2.13622Keywords:
Armed Conflict, social media, human rights, Legal assertion, StatesAbstract
This article explores how third countries can claim social media information from their citizens as a legal measure to protect and fight for the rights of women and children in armed conflict. The exploration is conducted normatively with a socio-juridical approach and a comparison of state implementation of the law. Implementing law in this approach will involve comprehensive analyses that include understanding legal texts, examining social impacts, and comparing practices across different jurisdictions to draw appropriate conclusions. This research shows that social media can serve as a platform to raise global awareness of human rights violations, provide digital evidence that can be used in international tribunals, and exert diplomatic pressure on states involved in violations. Social media also enables cross-border collaboration between governments, international organisations and NGOs to coordinate legal and advocacy efforts. However, challenges include disinformation, digital security risks, and technology access gaps that can hinder the effective use of social media as a legal tool. Nonetheless, with the right strategies, third countries can utilise social media to strengthen international law enforcement and support the fulfilment of the rights of women and children in conflict zones. In conclusion, despite significant challenges, third countries can claim the use of social media as an effective legal measure in their efforts to support and protect the rights of women and children in situations of armed conflict.
References
Al-Rawi, A. “Social Media and the Arab World’s ‘Youth Quake.’” International Journal of Communication 14 (2020): 1619–39.
Allagui, Ilhem, and Johanne Kuebler. “The Arab Spring and the Role of Digital Media.” International Journal of Communication, 5 (2011): 1–20. https://doi.org/1932–8036/2011FEA1435.
Amir, Ameerah binti, Wahyu Nur Hanifah, and Anis Widyawati "Legal Protection of Children in Armed Conflict in the View of International Humanitarian Law." Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies 7, no. 1 (2022): 1-16.
Aouragh, M. “Social Media, Mediation and the Arab Revolutions.” Middle East Critique 25, no. 4 (2016): 305–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/19436149.2016.1225972.
Belhadj Ali, Chiraz. “International Crimes in the Digital Age: Challenges and Opportunities Shaped by Social Media.” Groningen Journal of International Law 9, no. 1 (2021): 43–59. https://doi.org/10.21827/GroJIL.9.1.43-59.
Bennett, J C, and C Raab. The Governance of Privacy: Policy Instruments in Global Perspective (3rd Ed.). Cambridge: MIT Press, 2018.
Boulet, Gertjan, and Nicholas Hernanz. “Cross-Border Law Enforcement Access to Data: The Future of Global Evidence Gathering”. Computer Law & Security Review 35, no. 3 (2019): 401-416.
Bovens, Mark. "Two Concepts of Accountability: Accountability as a Virtue and a Mechanism." West European Politics 33, no. 5 (2010): 946–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2010.486119.
Casey, Eoghan. Digital Evidence and Computer Crime: Forensic Science, Computers and the Internet. Maryland: Elsevier, 2011. https://rishikeshpansare.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/digital-evidence-and-computer-crime-third-edition.pdf.
Culls, N J. Public Diplomacy: Foundations for Global Engagement in the Digital Age. Boston: Polity Press, 2019.
Djaini, Alan, Fence M. Wantu, and Lusiana Margareth Tijow. “Legal Protection of Child Adoption without Trial by Human Rights Perspective.” Damhil Law Journal 1, no. 1 (2021): 20. https://doi.org/10.56591/dlj.v1i1.627.
Dubberley, S, A Koenig, and D Murray. “Digital Witness: Using Open Source Information for Human Rights Investigation, Documentation, and Accountability.” Journal of Human Rights Practice 12, no. 1 (2020): 175–90.
Elfikri, Nurul Fazri, Nirwan Junus, Lisnawaty Wadju Badu, Karlin Mamu, Irlan Puluhulawa, and Muh. Iksan Putra Kai. “Kemampuan Membangun Kreatifitas Masyarakat Desa Biluhu Timur Mewujudkan Transformasi Digital.” DAS SEIN: Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Dan Humaniora 4, no. 2 (2024): 92–104. https://doi.org/10.33756/jds.v4i2.23119.
Florini, Ann. The Right to Know. Edited by Ann Florini. Columbia: Columbia University Press, 2007. https://doi.org/10.7312/flor14158.
Gregory, Sam. “Cameras Everywhere Revisited: How Digital Technologies and Social Media Aid and Inhibit Human Rights Documentation and Advocacy.” Journal of Human Rights Practice 11, no. 2 (2019): 373–92. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhuman/huz022.
Gunawan, Yordan, et al. "Protection of People Living Conflict A Case Study in Yemen." Unnes Law Journal 7, no. 2 (2021): 305-318.
Hidayah, Syarifaatul. "State Responsibility in Protecting Human Rights: An International Legal Perspective." International Law Discourse in Southeast Asia 2, no. 2 (2023): 279-304.
Jones, C. “The Role of Social Media in Conflict Zones: Case Study of Syria.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 62, no. 5 (2018): 971–96. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002718772666.
Kuner, C. “GDPR: Understanding the General Data Protection Regulation.” Portsmouth, 2017.
Ramadhan, Muhammad, Dwi Oktafia Ariyanti, Nita Ariyani, and Henry Arianto. “Edukasi Hukum Implikasi Undang-Undang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik Di Kelurahan Bener, Yogyakarta.” DAS SEIN: Jurnal Pengabdian Hukum Dan Humaniora 1, no. 1 (2023): 119–30. https://doi.org/10.33756/jds.v1i1.19442.
Smith, L, and D Jones. “The Shifting Paradigm of State Sovereignty in a Globalized World.” Global Governance Studies, 18, no. 1 (2023): 40–56.
Svantesson, B D J, and F Gerry. “Cross-Border Law Enforcement Access to Data: The Future of Global Evidence Gathering.” Computer Law & Security Review 35, no. 3 (2019): 401–16. https://doi.org/SvantessonD.
Talani, Noval Sufriyanto, and Mellisa Towadi. “The Paradox of Information Technology: Between Freedom of Speech and the Legal Threats behind Visual Criticism in Indonesia,” AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 2573. No. 1. AIP Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0104115.
Towadi, Mellisa, Zamroni Abdussamad, Anis Bajrektarevic, Lisnawaty W Badu, and Waode Mustika. “Neutrality Law in the Age of Digitalization: An Analysis of the Russia-Ukraine Conflict.” Lex Scientia Law Review 7, no. 1 (2023): 31–60. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i1.61763.
Towadi, Mellisa, Nur Mohamad Kasim, and Rumawi Rumawi. “An Indication of China’s Policy towards Uighurs and Its Implications by International Law Aspects.” Jambura Law Review 3, no. 1 (2021): 55–71. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v3i1.7730.
Wang, F. Internet Jurisdiction and Choice of Law: Legal Practices in the EU, US and China. Cambridge.: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
Warren, T. “The Role of Social Media in Documenting Human Rights Violations in Conflict Zones.” Journal of Human Rights 8, no. 1 (2016): 120–132.
Weber, L. “Disinformation and Propaganda in Conflict Zones: The Role of Social Media.” Conflict Studies Quarterly 30, no. 2 (2020): 45–60. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12147-019-09420-6.
Downloads
Published
Article ID
13622Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Mellisa Towadi, Ana Čović (Author); Mutia Cherawaty Thalib (Translator); Lisnawaty W Badu, Noval Sufriyanto Talani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the view of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. Authors retain the copyrights under this license, see our copyrights notice.
