Synthesis of Biodegradable Bioplastic from Xanthan Gum (XCD) Recovered from Hi-Vis Sweep Waste Generated during Well Service Operations in Bunyu Field

Abstract

Well service operations in the oil and gas industry utilize sweep fluids based on xanthan gum (XCD), which generate high-viscosity waste with the potential to cause environmental pollution. Due to its natural polymer characteristics, XCD waste has significant potential to be utilized as a raw material for biodegradable bioplastic production. This study aims to synthesize and characterize biodegradable bioplastics derived from XCD waste generated from Hi-Vis sweep operations during well service activities in Bunyu Field. The bioplastics were prepared using the solution casting method with variations in XCD concentration (1.0–2.0%), plasticizer type (glycerol and sorbitol), and plasticizer concentration (20–40%). The resulting bioplastics were characterized through film thickness, water absorption, and biodegradation rate tests. The experimental data were further analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design (CCD).The results showed that increasing plasticizer concentration enhanced both water absorption capacity and film flexibility. Bioplastics plasticized with glycerol exhibited a higher biodegradation rate compared to those containing sorbitol. These findings demonstrate that XCD waste from Hi-Vis sweep operations can be effectively valorized as an environmentally friendly raw material for biodegradable bioplastic production.