A Systematic Literature Review: Model Mental pada Konsep-Konsep Kimia
(1) Universitas Negeri Malang
(2) Universitas Negeri Malang
(3) Universitas Negeri Malang
(4) Universitas Negeri Malang
(5) Universitas Negeri Malang
Abstract
Model mental adalah penggambaran visual pebelajar atau representasi internal yang dimiliki ketika menjelaskan fenomena tertentu. Pada pembelajaran kimia model mental juga seringkali dipahami sebagai pemahaman siswa terhadap tiga level representasi kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, mengkaji, mengevaluasi, dan menafsirkan penelitian yang tersedia pada topik model mental dengan pertanyaan penelitian yang relevan. Pertanyaan penelitian yang disajikan dalam artikel review ini adalah faktor-faktor apakah yang mempengaruhi model mental pebelajar dalam mempelajari kimia, bagaimanakah trend kategori model mental yang digunakan pada pembelajaran kimia, serta bagaimanakah efektivitas pengukuran model mental dalam pembelajaran kimia. Model mental pebelajar satu dengan yang lainnya berbeda-beda berdasarkan beberapa faktor diantaranya pengetahuan awal, guru, sumber belajar, dan model pembelajaran. Perbedaan tersebut menjadikan model mental pebelajar dapat dikategorikan berdasarkan teori model mental yang sudah ada ataupun berdasarkan konsep yang akan diidentifikasi. Instrumen yang efektif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi model mental pebelajar adalah tes diagnostik dan wawancara karena dapat menggambarkan model mental pebelajar secara menyeluruh. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan mengenai pentingnya mengetahui model mental pebelajar dalam meningkatkan proses pembelajaran kimia. Perlu dilakukan perubahan pada berbagai aspek yang mempengaruhi untuk meningkatkan model mental.
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