Efek Infusa Umbi Garut (Marantha arundinaceae L) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa dan Insulin Plasma Tikus yang Diinduksi Streptozotocyn

Abstract

Hiperglikemia merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya diabetes mellitus (DM). Salah satu pengelolaan penyakit DM adalah konsumsi makanan tinggi serat dan rendah indeks glikemik. Umbi garut (Marantha arundinaceae L) merupakan bahan pangan dengan tinggi serat dan rendah indeks glikemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmembuktikan pengaruh infusa umbi garut terhadap kadar glukosadan insulin plasma tikus yang diinduksi streptozotocyn (STZ). Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus putih galur wistar jantan dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 kelompok, masing-masing terdiri dari 6 ekor. Kelompok I (KI; kontrol sehat), diberi Na.CMC 1%. Kelompok II, III, IV dan V diinduksi hiperglikemia dengan pemberian STZ 40 mg/kgBB dosis tunggal secara intra peritoneal (i.p). Kelompok II (KII; kontrol negatif) tidak diberi infusa umbi garut, kelompok III, IV dan V berturut-turut diberi infusa umbi garut 120mg/kgBB; 240mg/kgBB, dan 360mg/kgBB. Infusa diberikan selama 28 hari. Kadar glukosa darah diukur dengan spektrofotometer, sedangkan kadar insulin diukur dengan ELISA.Data kadar glukoda dan insulin, masing-masing dianalisis statistik uji Kruskal Walis dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa rerata kadar glukosa dan insulin plasma tikus KI berbeda nyata dengan KII dengan nilai p<0,05. Sementara KI tidak berbeda nyata dengan KIII, KIV, dan KV. Kelompok KII berbeda nyata dengan semua kelompok lainnya (p<0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian infusa umbi garutberpengaruh terhadap kadar glukosa dan insulin plasmatikus yang diinduksi STZ. Variasi dosis infusa umbi garut dalam penelitian ini, tidak berpengaruh terhadap perbedaan kadar glukosa dan insulin plasma tikus yang diinduksi STZ. Kata Kunci :umbi garut, glukosa darah, insulin plasma, streptozotocyn

Hyperglycemia is a risk factor of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). One of the management of DM is by eat high-fiber and low glycemic index food. Arrowroot tuber (Marantha arundinaceae L) is a food with high fiber and low glycemic index content. The aim of this study was to prove the effect of Arrowroot tuber infusion on glucose and insulin levels of mices’ plasma which is induced by streptozotocyn (STZ). As many as 30 male wistar white mice were divided randomly into 5 groups, each group consists of 6 male wistar white mice. Group I (GI; healthy control), was given 1% Na.CMC. Group II, III, IV and V was induced hyperglycemia by addition 40 mg/kg(bw) of STZ single dose intra-peritoneally (i.p). Group II (GII; negative control) was not given arrowroot tuber infusion, group III, IV and V were given 120mg/kg(bw); 240mg/kg(bw), and 360mg/kg(bw) arrowroot tuber infusion respectively. Infusa was given for 28 days. Blood glucose levels were measured by spectrophotometer, insulin levels were measured by ELISA. Data of glucose and insulin levels were analyzed statistically by Kruskal Walis test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the mean of glucose and insulin levels of GI rats’plasma were significantly different from GII rats’plasma with value of p <0.05. In the other hand, GI is not significantly different from GIII, GIV, and GV. The GII group was significantly different from all other groups (p <0.05). It was concluded that the addition of garut tuber infusion affected the levels of glucose and insulin of rats’ plasma which was induced by STZ. Variations of arrowroot tuber infusion doses in this study did not affect to the differences in glucose and insulin levels of rats’ plasma which was induced by STZ.