INOVASI PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN AYAM DAN ECENG GONDOK DIKOMBINASI DENGAN BIOTEKNOLOGI MIKORIZA BENTUK GRANUL
(1) Jl. A.Yani Tromol Pos I Pabelan Kartasura Surakarta 57102
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat formula pupuk organik limbah dari campuran kotoran ayam dan eceng gondok sebagai pupuk organik dasar dan memproduksi pupuk organik unggul kombinasi pupuk organik dasar dan pupuk hayati spora CMA dalam kemasan granul. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen dan analisis laboratorium dilakukan untuk mengetahui kuantitas dan kualitas hara pupuk yang dihasilkan, serta kandungan logam berat. Pupuk secara diskriptif dibandingkan dengan baku mutu pupuk organik menurut SK Mentan 2009. Hasil analisis hara makro dan mikro, serta logam berat pada pupuk organik dasar sudah memenuhi persyaratan baku mutu pupuk organik. Perbanyakan pupuk hayati CMA diperoleh 35 butir spora CMA/gram. Formula pembuatan campuran pupuk organik dasar: 2 kotoran ayam, 1 eceng gondok. Pupuk tersebut ditambah dengan 1 kg inokulum CMA atau pupuk hayati, 0,5 kg clay merah, 0,5 kg fosfat alam, 0,25 kg clay putih; 500 cc air. Hasil analisis hara makro dan mikro, campuran pupuk organik dasar dan hayati yang telah digranul sesuai dengan standar pupuk organik dari SK Mentan 2009. Disimpulkan bahwa campuran pupuk organik dari bahan dasar (kotoran ayam dan gulma air), yang ditambah dengan pupuk hayati dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti pupuk anorganik. Pupuk granul lebih efisien dan efektif digunakan untuk berbagai campuran dan di lapang.
The research objective is to make the formula of organic fertilizer from water weed and chicken poop mixture as the basic organic fertilizer and to produce excellent organic fertilizer from the combination of basic organic fertilizer and biologic CMA spore fertilizer in a granule package. The study was conducted with an experimental method and laboratory analysis to determine the quantity and quality of fertilizer nutrients and heavy metal content that was descriptively compared to the standard organic fertilizer by SK Mentan 2009. The results showed that the quantity and quality of the fertilizer research was appropriate according to the standard quality of organic fertilizer. The propagation of CMA bio fertilizer was obtained from 35 spores /gram. The mixture formula of organic fertilizer was 1 kg of chicken poop, water weed, 0.5 kg of red clay, 0.5 kg of phosphate; 1 kg of inoculum CMA; 0.25 kg of white clay; 500 cc of water. The result of micro and macro nutrients of the fertilizer mixture was appropriate of SK 2009. It can be concluded that the mixture of organic fertilizer (chicken poop and water weed) and biologic fertilizer can be used as an alternative to replace the inorganic fertilizer , while the granule fertilizer was determined efficiently and effectively as the mixture compound.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anonim. 2012. IPTEK Mendukung Kelestarian Hutan dan Kesehteraan Masyarakat. Kumpulan Karya Ilmiah Balai Penelitian Kehutanan Makasar 2012.
Bever JD, Schultz PA, Pringle A, & Morton JB. 2001. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: More diverse than meets the eye, and the ecological tale of why. BioScience 51: 923-931.
Bonfante P & Perotto S. 1995. Strategies of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when infecting host plants. New Phytol. 130:13 21.
Bevan & Chilton. 2003. Interactions of plants with Agrobacteria and Rhizogenes http://www.uky.edu . (Diakses 28 Agustus 2003).
Chalimah S. 2007. Pemanfaatan Teknologi in vitro untuk Perkembangan Gigaspora margarita dan Acaulospora tuberculata. Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB, Bogor. (Unpublished).
--------------2010. Produksi Gigaspora margarita dan acaulospora tuberculosa secara in vivo. J Biosmart, 7: 27-29.
De Souza FA. 2005. Biology, Ecology and evolusion of the family Gigasporaceae arbuscular. Nederlands Institut Mycorrhizal of Ecology, p 121-158.
Jakobsen J. 2004. Transport of phosphorus and carbon in arbuscular mycorrhizas. In A. Varma B. Hock (Ed.). Mycorrhiza: Structure, Function, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. 2nd ed. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Jeffries P & Barea JM. 2001. Arbuscular mycorrhiza—a key component of sustainable plant–soil ecosystems. In: Hock B. (Ed.). The Mycota. IX Fungal Associations. Springer–Verlag, Berlin, pp. 95–113.
Jeffries P, Gianinzzi S, Perotto S, Turnau KK, & Barea JM. 2010. The contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in sustainable maintenance of plant health and soil fertility. Biol and Fertili Soils. 37:1-16.
Kloepper JW. 1993. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as biological control agents. Pages 255-274. In: Soil Microbial Ecology: Applications in Agricultural and Environmental Management. F. B. Metting, Jr. (Ed.) Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
Lucia Y. 2005. Cendawan mikoriza arbuskula di bawah tegakan tanaman manggis dan peranannya dalam pertumbuhan bibit manggis (Garcinia mangostana). Tesis. Sekolah Pascasarjana IPB. Bogor.
Mangisah I, Suthama N, & Wahyuni HI. 2009. Pengaruh Penambahan Starbio dalam ransum berserat kasar tinggi terhadap performa itik. Makalah disajikan dalam Seminar Nasional Kebangkitan Peternakan Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
Orcutt DM. & Nilsen ET. 2000. The Physiology of Plants Under Stress: Soil and biotic factors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.
Redecker D, Morton JB, & Bruns TD. 2000. Ancestral lineages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomales). Molec Phylogenet Evol. 14: 276–284.
Sallata MK. 2011. Pengembangan partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan konservasi tanah dan air. Makalah disajikan pada Seminar Hasil Penelitian BPK Makassar 6 Oktober 2011, Makassar (Belum dipublikasikan).
Simanungkalit RDM, Suriadikarta DA, Saraswati R, Setyorini D, & Hartatik W. 2006. Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Hayati. Jawa Barat: Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Hal 2. ISBN 978-979-9474-57-5.
Smith SE, & Read DJ. (Eds.), 1997. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press, London, etc.
Smith SE, Smith FA, & Jacobsen I. 2003. Mycorrhizal fungi can dominate phosphate supply to pints irrespective of growth responses. Plant Physiol. 133:16 20.
Widiastuti H. 2004. Biologi interaksi cendawan mikoriza arbuskula kelapa sawit pada tanah asam sebagai dasar pengembangan teknologi aplikasi dini. Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarjana, IPB. Bogor.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.