SINTESIS MEMBRAN NATA ALOE VERA-ETILENDIAMIN DAN KARAKTERISASINYA
(1) Gedung D6 Lantai 2, Kampus Unnes Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, 50229
(2) Gedung D6 Lantai 2, Kampus Unnes Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang, 50229
Abstract
Serat yang terkandung di dalam nata Aloe vera adalah selulosa sehingga dapat digunakan dalam sintesis membran. Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis membran nata Aloe vera-etilendiamin (nata-en) menggunakan sistem vakum cair. Proses preparasi membran berlangsung melalui tiga tahap, yaitu preparasi nata Aloe vera, aktivasi menggunakan asam sulfat, dan modifikasi dengan menggunakan etilendiamin. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mempelajari teknik dalam sintesis membran nata-en kemudian melakukan karakterisasi untuk mengetahui karakter strukturnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku yang berbeda dalam hal sifat mekanik dan strukturnya. Membran nata murni memiliki sifat mekanik yang kuat, nata teraktivasi cenderung rapuh, sedangkan nata-en bersifat liat. Spektra infra merah dari ketiga tipe membran (nata murni, nata teraktivasi, dan nata-en) secara umum tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan, hanya terjadi pergeseran panjang gelombang dari masing-masing membran. Berdasarkan spektra infra merah dapat diketahui bahwa masing-masing membran mempunyai gugus hidroksil, tetapi serapannya semakin melebar untuk setiap membran. Gugus alkil dan karboksil juga masih tampak, namun pada membran nata teraktivasi serapannya berkurang, sedangkan pada membran nata-en muncul puncak baru yang menunjukkan adanya gugus amin. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa telah terjadi ikatan antara nata dengan etilendiamin.
Fibers contained in nata Aloe vera is cellulose that can be used in the synthesis of membrane. The research has done on the synthesis of nata Aloe vera-ethylenediamine (nata-en) membrane by using liquid vacuum system. Membrane preparation process consisted of three stages, they are nata Aloe vera preparation, activation using sulfuric acid, and membrane modification by using ethylenediamine. The purpose of research is to study the technique of nata-en membrane synthesis then to perform the characterization to determine the character of their structure.The results showed a different behavior in terms of mechanical properties and structure. The membrane of pure nata had strong mechanical properties, while the membrane of activated nata tended to be fragile, while the nata-en membrane was loamy. The infrared spectra of the three types of membranes (from pure nata, activated nata , and nata-en) generally did not change significantly, there was only a shift of the wavelength of each membrane. Based on the infrared spectra, it can be seen that each membrane has a hydroxyl group, but there was widened absorption for each membrane. Alkyl and carboxyl groups are still visible, although the activated nata membrane absorption is reduced, while in the nata-en membrane it was founded a new peak that indicated the presence of amine groups. This proves that there has been a bond between nata with ethylenediamine.
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