MODIFIKASI KATALIS CaO DENGAN SrO PADA REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI BIODIESEL MENGGUNAKAN

N Widiarti(1), E Kusumastuti(2),


(1) Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

Minyak jelantah merupakan salah satu jenis minyak nabati yang dapat digunakan sebagai sumber produksi biodiesel yang murah. Biodiesel dapat diperoleh melalui proses esterifikasi dengan katalis asam maupun transesterifikasi dengan menggunakan katalis homogen basa kuat. Pengolahan minyak jelantah menjadi biodiesel merupakan langkah yang tepat dan efektif untuk menurunkan harga biodiesel karena bahan baku yang murah dan memanfaatkan limbah minyak goreng yang dapat mengatasi masalah pembuangan minyak dan kesehatan masyarakat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan reaksi transesterifikasi dari minyak jelantah menjadi biodiesel menggunakan katalis CaO dan SrO. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik katalis dan aktivitas katalitiknya pada reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jelantah. Modifikasi katalis dilakukan dengan metode impregnasi SrNO3 pada katalis CaO. Katalis digunakan pada reaksi transesterifikasi minyak jelantah dengan variasi energi  (input daya 80 dan 100 watt), variasi waktu (30, 60, 90, 120 dan 150 detik) dan variasi jumlah SrO/CaO (1%, 2%, 4%, 8% dan 16% b/b) sebagai katalis. Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan dengan XRD dan FTIR. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa katalis SrO/CaO bersifat kristalin dan mempunyai karakteristik pola difraksi gabungan CaO dan SrO. Reaksi transesterifikasi optimal terjadi dengan aktivitas katalis terbaik pada energi  100 watt, waktu reaksi 120 detik dan jumlah katalis SrO/CaO sebesar 4% b/b dengan produk reaksi metil ester sebesar 92,86%. 

Wasted cooking oil is one type of vegetable oil that can be used as an inexpensive source of biodiesel production. Biodiesel can be obtained through esterification process with acid catalyst or transesterification using homogeneous catalyst of strong bases. Processing of wasted cooking oil into biodiesel is an appropriate and effective measures to reduce the high price of biodiesel because of cheap raw materials and it can overcome the problem of oil disposal and public health. In this research, the transesterification reaction of wasted cooking oil into biodiesel by using CaO catalyst modified with SrO. The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of the catalyst and catalytic activity in the transesterification reaction of wasted cooking oil. Catalyst modification performed by impregnation method of SrNO3 into CaO. The catalyst was used in transesterification reaction of wasted cooking oil with variation of  energy (80 and 100 watt), variation of time (30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 seconds) and variation of SrO/CaO amount (1%, 2%, 4%, 8% and 16% w/w) as a catalyst. Catalyst characterization performed by XRD and FTIR. The result of XRD showed that the catalyst SrO/CaO are crystalline and have a characteristic diffraction pattern of CaO and SrO combination. Optimal activity of catalyst was at 100 watt  energy, reaction time of 120 seconds and 4% w/w SrO/CaO with the reaction product of methyl ester was 92.86%.

Keywords

biodiesel, CaO, , SrO, transesterfikasi, wasted cooking oil

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