PENGARUH EKSTRAK LIMBAH DAUN TEMBAKAU MADURA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS MAKAN LARVA Spodoptera exigua

Harwanto -(1), Edhi Martono(2), Andi Trisyono(3), Wahyono -(4),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2262


(1) Jl. Raya Karangploso PO. BOX 188 Malang, Telp. 081 233 644 89
(2) Jurusan Hama Penyakit, Fakultas Pertanian, UGM Yogyakarta
(3) Jurusan Hama Penyakit, Fakultas Pertanian, UGM Yogyakarta
(4) Bagian Biologi Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, UGM Yogyakarta

Abstract

Ekstrak tanaman untuk insektisida nabati tidak hanya berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas saja akan tetapi juga berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas makan serangga. Tujuan pengujian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstraklimbah daun tembakau madura terhadap aktivitas makan larva instar III Spodoptera exigua. Metode uji ada dua yakni pakan pilihan dan pakan tanpa pilihan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan 6 perlakuan konsentrasi dan 1 kontrol yang diulang 5 kali. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pemaparan ekstrak limbah daun tembakau dengan metode pakan pilihan: (1) berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot daun yang dikonsumsi pada semua konsentrasi dibandingkan dengan kontrol, (2) bersifat antifeedant terhadap larva S. exigua dengan indeks hambatan makan berkisar 17,51 – 38,12%, sedang ekstrak limbah daun tembakau pada uji pakan tanpa pilihan (3) berpengaruh nyata pada konsentrasi > 0,21% terhadap bobot daun yang dikonsumsi dibandingkan dengan kontrol, dan (4) bersifat antifeedant dengan indeks hambatan makan lebih tinggi (22,87 – 69,39%) daripada dengan pakan pilihan (17,51 – 32,12%).

 


Plants extracts used for botanical insecticides do not only influence the mortality but also the feeding activity of insects. The aim of this test was to determine the activity of the extract of Madura tobacco leaf on the feeding activity of the third instar of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua. There were two test methods, choice and no-choice feeding tests. The design of each test was a completely randomized design (CRD), with six treatment concentrations and one control, replicated five times. The results showed that the exposure of tobacco leaf extracts with the choice feeding: (1) had significant effect on the leaf weight consumed at all concentration compared to the controls, (2) act as antifeedant against the larvae of S. exigua with the index of food consumption barrier ranging from 17.51 to 38.12%; while the extract of tobacco leaf on the no-choice feeding test: (3) had significantly effect on the weight of leaves consumed compared to the control on the concentrations of > 0.21%, and (4) was antifeedant with the index of food consumption barrier higher (22.87 to 69.39%) than the choice feeding (17.51 to 38.12%).

Keywords

Extract; Feeding activity; Leaf of madura tobacco; S. exigua; Waste

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