Kajian Efektifitas Rhizoctonia SP Mikoriza Dataran Rendah dan Sedang pada Tingkat Keparahan Penyakit (Dsi) Anggrek Phalaenopsis amabilis terhadap Fusarium sp.
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Abstract
Anggrek Phalaenopsis amabilis atau yang lebih dikenal sebagai anggrek bulan merupakan plasma nutfah dan tersebar diberbagai tempat di Indonesia. Keberadaan anggrek ini semakin berkurang karena serangan jamur patogen. Fusarium sp. merupakan patogen yang paling banyak menyerang anggrek P. amabilis (Chung et al., 2011) dibandingkan dengan jamur patogen lainnya. Serangan Fusarium sp. akan menyebabkan daun bewarna kuning dan membusuk. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penggunaan Rhizoctonia mikoriza yang diisolasi dari P. amabilisdi wilayah Sleman dan Surakarta menurut metode Bayman et al. (Otero, 2002), untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektifitasnya didalam menghambat pertumbuhan Fusarium sp. yang diisolasi menurut metode Barnet dan Hunter (1972). Penelitian menggunakan metoda RAL dengan 2 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan selama 8 bulan, masing-masing diberi dan tanpa Rhizoctonia mikoriza dan Fusarium sp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pertumbuhan vegetatif pada anggrek P. amabilis yang diprainokulasi Rhizoctonia mikoriza yang diisolasi dari P. amabilis di Surakarta (M2) terhadap Fusarium sp. Tingkat keparahan penyakit (DSI) anggrek P. amabilis terhadap Fusarium sp. yang diprainokulasi Rhizoctonia mikoriza dari P. amabilis di Sleman lebih tinggi dibanding dari Surakarta
Phalaenopsis amabilis or better known as orchids in the germplasm and scattered in various places in Indonesia. The existence of this orchid wane since the attacks of pathogenic fungi. Fusarium sp. is the most attacking pathogen P. amabilis orchid (Chung et al., 2011) compared to other pathogenic fungi. Fusarium sp. attack will cause the leaves to rot and yellow colored. In this study the use of mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia isolated P. amabilis from Sleman and Surakarta in the green house UTP to determine differences in effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium sp. Research using the method of RAL with 6 replications for 8 months.The results showed an increase in the vegetative growth of P. amabilis orchid mycorrhiza which prainoculated with Rhizoctonia isolated from P. amabilis in Surakarta (M2) against Fusarium sp. The severity of disease (DSI) P. amabilis orchid against Fusarium sp. which prainoculated with mycorrhizal Rhizoctonia from P. amabilis in Sleman higher than from Surakarta
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