AKTIVITAS SPERMATOPROTECTIVE EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava) PADA JUMLAH SPERMATOZOA TIKUS PUTIH TERINDUKSI KADMIUM

W Christijanti(1), A Marianti(2),


(1) Gedung D6 Lt 1 Kampus Sekaran Semarang 50229
(2) Gedung D6 Lt 1 Kampus Sekaran Semarang 50229

Abstract

Kadmium dapat bersifat meningkatkan aktivitas oksigen reaktif yang memicu munculnya radikal bebas. Zat aktif dalam daun jambu biji bersifat antioksidan yaitu suatu senyawa yang dapat berikatan atau menghambat terbentuknya radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji adanya hubungan  antara ekstrak daun jambu biji dengan jumlah spermatozoa tikus terinduksi kadmium. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan 20 ekor tikus yang terinduksi kadmium melalui air minum dengan dosis 100ppm/ekor/hari. Kelompok kontrol mendapatkan ekstrak daun jambu biji 0 mg/ekor sedangkan kelompok I, II dan III berturut turut adalah 50 mg/ekor, 100 mg/ekor dan 150 mg/ekor. Pemberian ekstrak daun jambu biji selama 30 hari. Data jumlah spermatozoa dan kadar kadmium dianalisis dengan uji korelasi pada taraf uji 5%. Pada hari ke 31, testis diambil untuk diukur kadar kadmium dan jumlah spermatozoanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara jumlah spermatozoa dan kadar kadmium dengan nilai sig 0,009 <0,05 dan berbanding terbalik sebesar  -0,567. Hal ini berarti semakin besar kadar kadium dalam testis maka semakin sedikit jumlah spermatozoa tikus dan semakin kecil kadar kadium dalam testis maka semakin banyak jumlah spermatozoa tikus. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun jambu biji dapat berperan sebagai spermatoprotective tikus yang terpapar Cadmium.

 

Cadmium can be used to increase the activity of reactive oxygen that triggers the emergence of free radicals. The active substances in guava leaves is an antioxidant compound that can bind or inhibit the formation of free radicals . This study aims to examine the relationship between guava leaf extract with the amount of rat spermatozoa induced by cadmium. This experimental study used 20 mice induced by cadmium through drinking water at  dose of 100ppm/mice/day. The control group received guava leaf extract of 0 mg/mice , while group I , II and III received 50 mg , 100 mg and 150 mg in 30 days . The data of the number of spermatozoa and cadmium levels were analyzed by using correlation test in the level of 5 %. The results showed that there was a correlation between the number of spermatozoa and cadmium levels with sig level of  0.009 < 0.05 and inversely at -0.567 . This means that the greater level of cadmium in the mice’s testicle the less the number of their spermatozoa, therefore the smaller level of cadmium in the mice’s testicle , the more the number of their spermatozoa . Therefore it can be concluded that guava leaf extract can act as spermatoprotective for mice that were exposed by cadmium.

 

Keywords

guava leaf extract; spermatozoa; cadmium

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akinola OB, Oladosu OS & Dosumu OO. 2007. Ethanol extract of the leaves of Psidium guajava Linn enhances sperm output in healthy Wistar rats. Afr J Med Sci. 36(2): 137-140

Anonim. 2005. Male Infertility Overview. EndoPhil Resource Page. http:// endometriosis. wordpress.com/2005/05/04/male-infertility-overview/ (sitasi 15 Desember 2007)

Benoff S, Auborn K, Marmar JL & Hurley IR. 2009. Link between low-dose environmentally relevant cadmium exposures and asthenozoospermia in a rat model. Fertil Steril. 89 (Suppl 2): 73-79

Chen HY & Yen GC. 2006. Antioxidant Activity and Free radicals-Scavenging Capacity of Extract from guava (Psidium guajava L) Leaves. J. Food Chem. 2: 47 – 56

Chen L, Ren WH, Zhu SL, Gao W, Zhou J, Jiang YZ, & Chen YG. 2002. Effects of chronic cadmium loading on the testis and endocrine function of reproduction in male rats. Acta physiologica Sinica. 54(3): 258–263

Guyton AC. 1995. Buku Teks Fisiologi Kedokteran. Alih Bahasa : Adji Dharma. Jakarta. EGC

Haouem S, Najjar MF, El Hani A & Sakly R. 2008. Accumulation of cadmium and its effects on testis function in rats given diet containing cadmium-polluted radish bulb. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 59(5): 307-311

Junqueira LC, Carneiro J & Kelly RO. 1995. Basic Histology. 8 th edition. Stamford Connecticut. Appleton and Lange.

Lewis R. 2000. Male Factor Infertility. Eastern Harmony Medical Acupunture Clinic.http://www. howmakeafamily.com/experts/lewis/male_factor _infertility.htm sitasi 12/15/2007

Martynowicz H, Skoczyńska A, Karczmarek-Wdowiak B & Andrzejak R. 2005. Effects of Cadmium on Testis Function. Medycyna Pracy. 56 (2): 167-174

Nemoto K, Miyajima S, Hara S, Saigusa R, Yamada M, Shikama H, Yotsuya S, Sekimoto M & Degawa M. 2009. Decreased Gene Expression of Testicular Cell-Specific Proteins in Cadmium-Induced Acute Testicular Toxicity. J. of Health Sci. 55(6): 952-956

Oze G, Nwanjo H, Oze R, Akubugwo E, Orisakwe E, & Aka P. 2007. Reproductive Impairment Associated With The Ethanolic Extract of Alstonia Boonei (De-Wild) Stem Bark in Male Rats. The Internet Journal of Third World Medicine. 6 (1)

Qian H & Nihorimbere V. 2004. Antioxidant Power of Phytochemical from P. guajava Leaf. J Zhejiang Univ Sci. 5: 676-683

Rahmat A, Abu-Bakar MF & Hambali Z. 2006. The Effect of Guajava (Psidium guajava) Consumption on Total Antioxidant and Lipid Profile in Normal Male Youth. AJFAND. 6(2): 1-12

Serel TA, Delibas N & Aydin G. 1996. The Effect of Acute Cadmium Intoxication on Tissue Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Rat Testis. SDU Tip Fakultesi Dergisi. 3 (1): 1-4

Sugiharto. 2004. Pengaruh Infus Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin dan Jumlah Erirosit Tikus Putih yang Diberi Larutan Timbal Nitrit (PbNo3)2. Berk. Penelitian Hayati (10): 53-57

Tachakittirungrod S, Okonogi S, & Chowwanapoonpohn S. 2007. Study on antioxidant activity of certain plants in Thailand: Mechanism of antioxidant action of guava leaf extract. Food Chem. 103(2): 381-388

Tato S & Moeljono MPE. 1988. Pengaruh Kadmium Khlorid (CdCl2) terhadap Spermatogenesis pada Tikus Putih. Laporan Penelitian. BPPS-UGM. Yogyakarta

Telisman S, Cvitkovic P, Jurasovic J, Pizent A, Gavella M & Rocic B. 2000. Semen Quality and Reproductive Endocrine Function in Relation of Biomarkers to lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in Men. Environt Health Perspect 108 (1) : 45 – 53

Uboh FE, Edet EE, Eteng MU & Eyong EU. 2010. Comparative Effect of Aqueous Extract of Psidium guajava Leaves and Ascorbic Acid on Serum Sex Hormone Levels in Male and Female Rat. J Appl Sci Research. 6 (4): 275-279

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.