STATUS ANTIOKSIDAN GLUTATION PADA PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI BALAI KESEHATAN PARU (BKPM) MAKASSAR
(1) FMIPA UNNES Gd D6 Lt 1 Jln. Raya Sekaran- Gunungpati- Semarang 50299 Telp./Fax. (024) 8508033
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
(4) Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
Abstract
Abstrak
Antioksidan merupakan senyawa untuk pertahanan tubuh host terhadap radikal bebas. Pada pasien tuberkulosis paru (TB paru), rendahnya antioksidan menyebabkan kerusakan jaringan. Salah satu antioksidan tubuh adalah glutation. Rendahnya glutation berhubungan dengan gangguan sistem imun, sehingga menyebabkan keparahan penyakit pada pasien TB paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kadar glutation plasma penderita tuberkulosis paru. Desain penelitian ini adalah kohort prospektif. Sampel TB paru dipilih di Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM), Makassar yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan sesuai kadatangan (consecutive sampling). Dua mililiter darah diambil dari setiap sampel, kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar glutation dengan ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar glutation sampel pasien TB paru sebelum pemberian obat antituberkulosis (OAT) sebesar 0,48383±0,0344 mM dan setelah pemberian OAT sebesar 0,49465±0,0371 mM. Setelah pemberian OAT kadar glutation mengalami peningkatan sebesar 2,2% meskipun masih lebih rendah dari kadar glutation normal.
Abstract
Antioxidants prevent hosts against free radicals. In pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients, the low level of antioxidants may cause tissue damage in oxidative hosts. One of antioxidants is glutathione. The poor glutathione level correlates with immune system disorder. The current study aimed to determine glutathione plasma levels in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The study design was prospective cohort. Pulmonary TB samples were obtained from patients in the Lung Health Centre (BBKPM) in Makassar, and they were selected based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria and on their admittance times (a consecutive sampling technique). Two mililiters of blood was taken from each sample and the glutathione level was examined using ELISA. The study indicated that the glutathione level of the pulmonary TB patients before administered with antitubeculosis drug was 0.48383±0.0344 mM and after antituberculosis drug was 0.49465±0.0371 mM. After administration of antituberculosis drug the glutathione level increased by 2.2%, although still lower than normal glutathione level.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aditama TY. 2008. Tuberkulosis Masalah dan Perkembangannya. Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar Tetap dalam Bidang Pulmonologi dan Ilmu Kedokteran Respirasi FK UI. UI Press: Jakarta. hal : 22-27.
Akiibinu MO, Ogunyemi OE, Arinola OG, Adenaike AF, and Adegoke OD. 2008. Assessment of Antioxidants and Nutritional Status of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Nigeria. Eur. J. Gen. Med. 5(4): 208-211.
____________. 2011. Levels of Oxidative Metabolites, Antioxidants and Neopterin in Nigerian Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Eur. J. Gen. Med 8(3): 213-218.
Connell ND, and Venketaraman V. 2009. Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by Glutathione Recent Patients on Anti-Infective. Drug Discovery 4;214-226
Dahlan MS. 2011. Statistik untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Deskriptif, Bivariat, dan Multivariat dilengkapi aplikasi dengan menggunakan SPSS. Salemba Medika : Jakarta.
Dayaram YK, Talaue MT, Connell ND, and Venketaraman V. 2006. Characterization of a glutathione metabolic mutant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its resistance to glutathione and Nitrosoglutathione. J Bacteriology 188: 1364–1372
Deneke SM, and Fanburg BL. 1989. Regulation of cellular glutathione. Am J Physiol 257(4 Pt 1): L163-173.
Ghezzi P. 2005. Regulation of protein function by glutathionylation. Free Radic Res. 39(6):573–580.
Ghezzi P, and Simplicio P. 2007. Glutathionylation pathways in drug response. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 7(4):398–403.
Green RM, A. Seth, and ND Connell. 2000. A peptide permease mutant of Mycobacterium bovis BCG resistant to the toxic peptides glutathione and S-nitrosoglutathione. Infect. Immun 68:429–436.
Guerra C, Devin M, Andrea S, Steven K, Meshare F, Dennis G, Michelle T, Frederick G, Fadi TK, and Venketaraman V. 2011. Glutathione and Adaptive Immune Response Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Healthy and HIV Infected Individual. PLosOne 6(12):e28378.
Hashmi MA, Bilal A, Syed IAS, and Muhammad IUK. 2012. Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Peroxidation Product in Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Al Ameen J Med Sci 5 (3 ):313-319
Kumar A, Aisha F, Ioni G, Vikram S, Mary H, and Adrie JCS. 2011. Redox Homeostasis in Mycobacteria : The Key to Tuberculosis Control ? Expert Review in Molecular Medicine 13:39-49.
Kwiatkowska S, Piasecka G, Zieba M, Piotmoski W, and Nowak D. 1999. Increased Serum Concentration of Conjugated malondialdehyda in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Respir Med. 93:272-276.
Lamsal M, Narayan G, Narendra B, Bishamber DT, Shymal KB, and Nirmal B. 2007. Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation Product, Nitrite And Antioxidant Levels In Newly Diagnosed And Two Months Follow-Up Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 38(4):695-703
Madebo T, Bernt L, Pal A, and Roef KB. 2003. Circulating Antioxidants and Lipid Peroxidation Products in Treated Tuberculosis Patients in Ethiopia. Am J. Clin. Nutr.78: 117-122.
Mohod K, Archana D, and Smith K. 2011. Status of Oxidants and Antioxidants in Pulmonary Tuberculosis With Varying Bacillary Load. Journal of Experimental Science 2(6):35-37.
Morris D, Carlos G, Clare D, and Hyoung O. 2010. Unveiling The Mechanism for Decreased Glutathione in Individuaks with HIV Infection. Clinical and Developmental Immunology. Page:1-10.
Palanisamy GS, Natalie MK, David FA, Crystal AS, Ian MO, Randall JB. 2011. Evidence for Oxidative Stress and Defective Antioxidant Response in Guinea Pigs with Tuberculosis. PLoS One. 6(10): 26254: 1-13.
Parchwani D, Singh SP, and Digisha P. 2011. Total Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxides in patient With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. National Journal of Community Medicine 2( 2):225-228.
Plit ML, Theron AJ, Fickl H, Van Rensburg, CE Pendel S, and Anderson R. 1998. Influence Of Antimicrobial Chemoterapy And Smoking Status On The Plasma Concentration Of Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Beta-Carotene, Acute Phase Reactans, Iron And Lipid Petroxides In Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung. Dis. 2:590-596.
Reddy YN, Murthy SV, Krishna DR, and MC Prabhakar. 2009. Oxidative metabolic changes in pleural fluid of tuberculosis patients. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 4: 69-72.
Spallholz JE. 1987. Glutathione: is it an evolutionary vestige of the penicillins? Med. Hypoth. 23:253–257
Saraswathy SD, and Devi CSS. 2012. Antitubercular drugs induced hepatic oxidative stress and ultrastructural changes in rats. BMC Infectious Disease 12(suppl1):85-92
Seres T, Knickelbein RG, Warshaw JB, and Jonhnson RB Jr. 2000. The Phagocytosis-Associated Respiratory Burst in Human Monocyte Is Asspciated with Increased Uptake of Glutathione. J Immunol.165:3333-3340
Suresh DR, Vamseedhar A, Krishneppa P, and Hamsaveena. 2010. Immunological Correlation of Oxidative Stress Markers in Tuberculosis Patiens. Int. J. Biol. Med. Res:1(4):185-187.
Taha DA, and Imad AJT. 2010. Antioxidant status, C-Reactive Protein and Status in Patient with Pulmonary tuberculosis. SQU MED.J 10 (3):361-369.
Tostman A, Boeree MJ, Aarnouts RE, de Lange WC, Van der Ven AJAM, and Dekhuijen R. 2007. Antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity: Concise up-to-date review. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 23:192–202
Venketaraman V, Dayaram YK, Amin AG, Ngo R, Green RM, Talaue MT, Mann J, and Connell ND. 2003. Role of glutathione in macrophage control of Mycobacteria. Infect Immunity 71(4): 1864–71
Venketaraman V, Dayaram YK, Talaue MT, dan Connell ND. 2005. Glutathione and Nitrosoglutathione in macrophage defense against M. tuberculosis. Infect Immunity 73: 1886–1889
Venketaraman V, Rodgers T, Linares R, Reilly N, Swaminathan S, Hom D, Millman AC, Wallis R, and Connell ND. 2006. Glutathione and growth inhibition Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthy and HIV infected subjects. AIDS Research and Therapy 3(5):1-12.
Venketaraman V, Millman A, Salman M, Swaminathan S, Goetz M, Lardizabal A, David H, and Connel DN. 2008. Glutathione levels and immune responses in tuberculosis patients. Microbiol Pathogenesis 44(3):255-261
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.