Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Epiphytic Orchid in the Nirmala Tea Plantation, Bogor West Java
(1) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University
(2) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Indonesia
(3) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Indonesia
(4) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Indonesia
(5) Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, IPB University, Indonesia
Abstract
Tea plantations can provide microclimate conditions for many epiphytic species, including orchids, but information on their diversity is not yet available. Epiphytic orchid diversity study has been carried out at the Nirmala Tea Plantation, Bogor, West Java. The main objective of this study was to reveal the diversity of epiphytic orchids in the Nirmala Tea Plantation. The data were obtained by vegetation analysis using the purposive sampling method by making 54 plots sized 5 x 5m2 at two different altitudes, 1050 and 1500 masl. The quantitative data were analyzed by calculating the critical value and morisita indices. The correlation between epiphytic orchid and microclimate variables was processed using Spearman bivariate correlation, performed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. A total of 15 epiphytic orchids were found at an altitude of 1050 m asl and 10 species of epiphytic orchids at an altitude of 1500 m asl. Seven species, Agrostophyllum longifolium Rchb.f., Appendicula reflexa Blume, Bulbophyllum sp.2, Dendrochilum sp., Eria sp.1, Flickingeria sp, Pholidota carnea Lindl, were found at both altitudes. The diversity of epiphytic orchids is affected by altitude, light intensity, and wind speed. The distribution pattern of epiphytic orchids in Nirmala Tea Plantation is clumped. The results of this study report the diversity of orchids grown in tea plantations for the first time. This information is helpful for the cultivation and conservation of orchid diversity in the future.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adhikari, Y.P., Fischer, H.S., & Fischer, A. (2012). Epiphytic orchids' host tree utilization in different land-use intensities in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Plant Ecol., 213 (9), 1393-1412.
Apriyanti, D.H., Arymurthy, A.M., & Handoko, L.T. (2013). Identification of orchid species using content-based flower image retrieval. In 2013 International conference on computer, control, informatics and its applications (IC3INA) (pp.53-57). Jakarta, Indonesia.
Assagaf, M.H. (2012). 1001 Spesies Anggrek yang Dapat Berbunga di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Kataelha.
Astuti, F.K., Murningsih, Jumari. (2017). Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Jalur Pendakian Selo Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah. J Biol., 6(2): 1-6.
[Balithi] Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias. (2007). Panduan Karakterisasi Tanaman Hias Anggrek. Cianjur: BPTH.
Benzing, D.H. (2008). Vascular Epiphytes: General Biology and Related Biota. Cambridge: Cambridge University Pr.
Betanio, J.M.G., Buenavista, D.P. (2018). Elevational Pattern of Orchid Rarity and Endemism in Mt. Kalatungan, Mindanao Island, Philippines. JTLS, 8 (2):108 – 115
Catzal-lx, W., Noguera-Savelli, E. (2014). Orchidaceae: The Largest Family Of Flowering Plants. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263424947_Orchidaceae_The_Largest_Family_of_Flowering_Plants#fullTextFileContent
Choden, K., Jambay, Nepal, A., Choden, Suberi, B. (2021). Habitat Ecology of Epiphytic & Terrestrial Orchids in Langchenphu, Jomotsangkha Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhutan. IJSEI, 2(2):143-154.
Clarke, R.K., Gorley, R.N. (2005). PRIMER: Plymouth Routines In Multivariate Ecological Research. Plymouth (GB): PRIMER-E Ltd.
Comber, J.B. (1990). Orchids of Jawa. London: Bentham-moxon Trust. Kew: The Royal Botanic Garen.
Curtis, J.T., Mcintosh, R.P. (1950). The interrelation of certain analytic and phytosociological characters. Ecology, 31(3): 434-455.
Dale, M.R.T., Dixon, P., Fortin, M.-J., Legendre, P., Myersd, E., Rosenberg, M.S. (2002). Conceptual and Mathematical Relationships Among Methods for Spatial Analysis. Ecography, 25, 558–577.
De la Rosa-Manzano, E., Andrade, J.L., Zotz, G., Reyes-García, C. (2014). Epiphytic orchids in tropical dry forests of Yucatan, Mexico-species occurrence, abundance and correlations with host tree characteristics and environmental conditions. Flora-Morphol Distrib Funct Ecol Plants 209:100–109. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2013. 12.002
De, L.C. (2020). Morphological diversity in orchids. Int J Bot., 5 (5), 229-238.
Destaranti, N., Sulistyani, & Yani, E. (2017). Struktur dan vegetasi tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan pinus di Rph Kalirajut dan Rph Baturraden Banyumas. Scripta Biologica, 4(3):155-160.
Elpel, TJ. (2021). Plant Identification, Edible Plants, Weed Ecology, Mushrooms, and more. Retrieved from: https://www. wildflowers-and-weeds.com/Plant_Families/Orchidaceae.htm.
Fandani, H.S., & Mallombasang, S.N. (2018). Diversity of orchid species in several captives in Ampera Village and Karunia Village, Palolo District, Sigi Regency. Warta Rimba, 6 (3), 14-20.
Fardhani, I., Torimaru, T., Kisanuki, H. (2020). The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schama wallichiitrees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21:290-298.
Fitriany, M., Sumaryono, M., & Suhardiman, A. (2019). Natural distribution pattern of orchids (Orchidaceae) in the nature reserve of Padang Luway, West Kutai Regency. Agrifor, 18 (20), 241-252.
García-González, A., Damon, A., Raventós, J., Riverón-Giró, F.B., Mújica, E., & Solís-Montero, L. (2017). Impact of different shade coffee management scenarios, on a population of Oncidium poikilostalix (Orchidaceae), in Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico. Plant Ecol Divers., 10 (2-3), 185-1
Govaerts, R., Bernet ,P., Kratochvil, K., Gerlach, G., Carr, G., Alrich, P., et al. (2017). World Checklist of Orchidaceae. Kew: Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens. Available at: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/.
Hamid, A. H. & Romano, R. (2013). Upaya Pengembangan Agroforestry Sebagai Langkah Pengamanan Peyangga Hutan Di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya. Agrisep, 14(2): 28-34.
Hani, A., Widyaningsih, T.S., & Damayanti, R.U. (2014). Potensi dan pengembangan jenis-jenis tanaman anggrek dan obat-obatan di jalur wisata Loop-Trail Cikaniki-Citalahab Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun-Salak. JIK, 8(1): 42-49.
Kunarso, A., & Azwar, F. (2013). Keragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Bawah pada Berbagai Tegakan Hutan Tanaman di Benakat, Sumatera Selatan. JPHT, 10(2): 85-98.
Kurniawan, W., Kusmana, C., Basuni, S., Munandar, A., & Kholil. (2013). Analysis of land use conflict in the Mount Halimun Salak National Park. JPSL, 3 (1), 23-30.
Lianarti. (2019). Identifikasi anggrek alam di hutan Bonehau Desa Bonehau Kecamatan Bonehau Kabupaten Mamuju Sulawesi Barat. [diplomas thesis]. Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Liu, J.J., Xu, Y., Shan, Y.X., Kevin, S. Burgess KS., & Ge X.-J. (2021). Biotic and abiotic factors determine species diversity–productivity relationships in mountain meadows. J Plant Ecol., 14:1175-1188
Lutz, J.A, Furniss, T.J., Johnson, D.J., Davies, S.J., Allen, D., Alonso, A., et al. (2018). Global importance of large‐diameter trees. Global Ecol Biogeogr, 27: 849- 864. DOI: 10.1111/geb.12747
Mahyar, UW., & Sadili, A. (2003). Jenis-jenis Anggrek Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun. Bogor: Biodiversity Conservation Project.
McCormick, M.K. & Jacquemyn, H. (2014). What constraints the distribution of the orchid population?. New Phytol, 202:392-400
Mitova, I., Nenova, L., & Shaban, N. (2017). Abiotic factors and their impact on growth characteristics of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Bulgarian J Agric Sci., 23(5):806-815
Mondragon, D., Valverde, T., Hernandez-Apolinar, M. (2015). Population ecology of epiphytic angiosperms: a review. Trop Ecol, 56: 01-39.
Nasution, H., Patana, P., & Yunasfi, Y. (2014). Inventarisasi anggrek tanah pada kawasan kebun bonsai dan sekitarnya di Desa Padang Bujur, Cagar Alam Dolok Sibua-Buali. PFSJ, 3(2):1-13.
Nusantara, A.B., Kendarini, N., & Saptadi, D. (2018). Exploration of epiphytic orchids around watu Ondo, R. Soerjo Mojokerto Forest Park. Production Plant J, 5 (9), 1447-1452
Pant, B., Paudel,M.R., Chand, M.B., Pradhan,S., Malla, B.B.,& Raskoti, B.B. (2018). Orchid diversity in two community forests of Makawanpur District, central Nepal. JTT, 10(11):12523-12530
Paramitha, I.G.A.A.P., Ardhana, I.G.P., Pharmawati, M. (2012). Diversity of epiphytic orchids in the Buyan-Tamblingan Lake Nature Park Area. Metamorfosa: J Biol Sci, 1(1): 11-16.
Prapitasari1, B., Kurniawan, A.P., & Muharam, D.H. (2020). Keanekaragaman dan Kemelimpahan Jenis Anggrek (Orchidaceae) di Resort Selabintana Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango (TNGGP) Jawa Barat. BIOSFER, J Bio & Pend Bio, 5 (1):24-30
Rasmussen, H.N., & Rasmussen, F.N. (2018). The epiphytic habitat on a living host: reflections on the orchid–tree relationship. Bot J Linn Soc, 186:456–472.
Sadili, A. (2011). Keanekaragaman, Persebaran, dan Pemanfaatan Jenis- Jenis Anggrek (Orchidaceae) di Resort Citorek, Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun – Salak Jawa Barat. Biosfera, 28(1):15 – 22.
Sadili, A. & Sundari, S. (2017). Diversity, Distribution, and Utilization of Orchids Species (Orchidaceae) in Bodogol Forest, Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java. Widyariset, (2): 95 -106
Sujalu, A.P., Hardwinarto, S., Boer, C., & Sumaryono. (2015). Identifikasi Pohon Inang Epifit di Hutan Bekas Tebangan Pada Dataran Rendah Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Malinau. Penelitian Ekosistem Dipterokarpa, 1(1): 1-6.
Timsina, B., Kindlmann, P., Subedi, S., Khatri, S., Rokaya, M.B. (2021). Epiphytic Orchid Diversity along an Altitudinal Gradient in Central Nepal. Plants, 10(1381):1-12
Timsina, B., M.B. Rokaya, Z. Münzbergová, P. Kindlmann, B. Shrestha, B. Bhattarai & B.B. Raskoti (2016). Diversity, distribution and host- species associations of epiphytic orchids in Nepal. Biodiv Conserv, 25(13): 2803–2819; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531- 016-1205-8
Upadhyaya, R.C., Devadas, R., & Nagaraju, V. (2005). Scope of orchid cultivation in oil palm plantations. NRC oil Palm, 58-62.
Wang, Q., Guan, W.B., Wong, M.H.G., Ranjitkar, S., Sun, W.N., Pan, Y., & Shen, L.X. (2017). Tree size predicts vascular epiphytic richness of traditional cultivated tea plantations in Southwestern China. Global Ecol Conserv, 10, 147-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2017. 03.002
Waterman, R.J., & Bidartondo, M.I. (2008). Deception above, deception below: linking pollination and mycorrhizal biology of orchids. J Exp Bot., 59 (5), 1085-1096.
Wulanesia, W, O, S. Soegianto, A. Dan Basuki, N. 2017. Eksplorasi Dan Karakterisasi Anggrek Epifit Di Hutan Coban Trisula Kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru. Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 5(1): 125–131.
Yulia, N.D., Budiharta, S., & Yulistyarini, T. (2011). Analysis of epiphytic orchid diversity and its host tree at three gradient of altitudes in Mount Lawu, Java. Biodiversitas, 12 (4), 225-228.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.