Magnetically modified corn cob as a new low-cost biosorbent for removal of Cu (II) and Zn (II) from wastewater

Ajeng Yulianti Dwi Lestari, Achmad Chafidz, Anindita Ratih Hapsari, Wildan Denly Elnaufal, Silvi Nurukma Indri, Mukhsin Moh Alatas, Sarwono Mulyono

Abstract

Wastewater containing heavy metals can potentially harm the human and living organisms and also damage the environment and ecosystem. Wastewater containing total copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) over the normal threshold will result in Wilson's disease and digestive health, respectively. One of the most widely used methods to remove heavy metals from wastewater is adsorption. One type of adsorbent that has gained interest among researchers was biomass-based adsorbent or biosorbent. In this work, magnetic modification was used to increase the adsorption capacity of the biosorbent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of magnetic modification of corncobs as biosorbent on the adsorption of Cu(II) and Zn(II) heavy metals from an aqueous solution. Magnetic modification with FeCl3.7H2O on corncobs has successfully increased the adsorption capability of Zn(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution. The optimum modification ratios for the adsorption of Zn(II) and Cu(II) were 1:2 and 2:1. The adsorption of these both heavy metals took place at temperature of 50°C with the adsorbent doses of 1 g and 1.5 g for Cu(II) and Zn(II), respectively. The highest adsorption percentages for the adsorption of Zn(II) and Cu(II) were 89.3% and 89.2%, respectively. Whereas, the maximum adsorption capacities of Cu(II) and Zn(II) were 75.76 mg/g and 63.93 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption mechanism of Zn(II) and Cu(II) has followed the Freundlich isothermal adsorption model.

Keywords

adsorption; biosorbent; corn cob; magnetic modification; Cu(II) ; Zn(II)

Full Text:

PDF

References

Buasri, A., Chaiyut, N., Tapang, K., Jaroensin, S., & Panphrom, S. (2012). Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Biosorption of Zn(II) Ions from Wastewater Using Modified Corn Cob. APCBEE Procedia, 3, 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcbee.2012.06.046

Charerntanyarak, L. (2009). Heavy metals removal by chemical coagulation and precipitation

Guiza, S. (2017). Biosorption of heavy metal from aqueous solution using cellulosic waste orange peel. Ecological Engineering, 99, 134–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.11.043

Homagai, P. L., Ghimire, K. N., & Inoue, K. (2010). Adsorption behavior of heavy metals onto chemically modified sugarcane bagasse. Bioresource Technology, 101(6), 2067–2069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.073

Lakshmipathy, R., & Sarada, N. C. (2013). Application of watermelon rind as sorbent for removal of nickel and cobalt from aqueous solution. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 122, 63–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2013.03.002

Manna, M. C., Sahu, A., De, N., Thakur, J. K., Mandal, A., Bhattacharjya, S., Ghosh, A., Rahman, M. M., Naidu, R., Singh, U. B., Dakhli, R., Sharma, M. P., & Misra, S. (2020). Novel bio-filtration method for the removal of heavy metals from municipal solid waste. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 17, 100619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.100619

Namvar-Mahboub, M., Khodeir, E., Bahadori, M., & Mahdizadeh, S. M. (2020). Preparation of magnetic MgO/Fe3O4 via the green method for competitive removal of Pb and Cd from aqueous solution. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 589, 124419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124419

Ofomaja, A. E., Unuabonah, E. I., & Oladoja, N. A. (2010). Competitive modeling for the biosorptive removal of copper and lead ions from aqueous solution by Mansonia wood sawdust. Bioresource Technology, 101(11), 3844–3852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.10.064

Pan, J., Jiang, J., & Xu, R. (2014). Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by Na2SO3/FeSO4 combined with peanut straw biochar. Chemosphere, 101, 71–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.026

Qiao, H., Guo, T., Zheng, Y., Zhao, L., Sun, Y., Liu, Y., & Xie, Y. (2018). A novel microporous oxidized bacterial cellulose/arginine composite and its effect on behavior of fibroblast/endothelial cell. Carbohydrate Polymers, 184, 323–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.026

Rocher, V., Siaugue, J.-M., Cabuil, V., & Bee, A. (2008). Removal of organic dyes by magnetic alginate beads. Water Research, 42(4–5), 1290–1298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.09.024

Sajayan, A., Seghal Kiran, G., Priyadharshini, S., Poulose, N., & Selvin, J. (2017). Revealing the ability of a novel polysaccharide bioflocculant in bioremediation of heavy metals sensed in a Vibrio bioluminescence reporter assay. Environmental Pollution, 228, 118–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.020

Saravanan, A., Sundararaman, T. R., Jeevanantham, S., Karishma, S., Kumar, P. S., & Yaashikaa, P. R. (2020). Effective adsorption of Cu(II) ions on sustainable adsorbent derived from mixed biomass (Aspergillus campestris and agro waste): Optimization, isotherm and kinetics study. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 11, 100460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100460

Sari, A. Y., Eko, A. S., Candra, K., Hasibuan, D. P., Ginting, M., Sebayang, P., & Simamora, P. (2017). Synthesis, Properties and Application of Glucose Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Prepared by Co-precipitation Method. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 214, 012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/214/1/012021

Segovia-Sandoval, S. J., Ocampo-Pérez, R., Berber-Mendoza, M. S., Leyva-Ramos, R., Jacobo-Azuara, A., & Medellín-Castillo, N. A. (2018). Walnut shell treated with citric acid and its application as biosorbent in the removal of Zn(II). Journal of Water Process Engineering, 25, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2018.06.007

Singh, N. B., Nagpal, G., Agrawal, S., & Rachna. (2018). Water purification by using Adsorbents: A Review. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 11, 187–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2018.05.006

Soo, K. W., Wong, K. C., Goh, P. S., Ismail, A. F., & Othman, N. (2020). Efficient heavy metal removal by thin film nanocomposite forward osmosis membrane modified with geometrically different bimetallic oxide. Journal of Water Process Engineering, 38, 101591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101591

Subana, P. S., Manjunatha, C., Manmadha Rao, B., Venkateswarlu, B., Nagaraju, G., & Suresh, R. (2020). Surface functionalized magnetic α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization and Hg2+ ion removal in water. Surfaces and Interfaces, 21, 100680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100680

Sun, J., Lian, F., Liu, Z., Zhu, L., & Song, Z. (2014). Biochars derived from various crop straws: Characterization and Cd(II) removal potential. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 106, 226–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.04.042

Sun, Y. (2020). Performance evaluation and optimization of flocculation process for removing heavy metal. Chemical Engineering Journal, 11.

Tavakoli, O., Goodarzi, V., Saeb, M. R., Mahmoodi, N. M., & Borja, R. (2017). Competitive removal of heavy metal ions from squid oil under isothermal condition by CR11 chelate ion exchanger. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 334, 256–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.023

Tegladza, I. D., Xu, Q., Xu, K., Lv, G., & Lu, J. (2021). Electrocoagulation processes: A general review about role of electro-generated flocs in pollutant removal. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 146, 169–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2020.08.048

Ulloa, L., Martínez-Minchero, M., Bringas, E., Cobo, A., & San-Román, M. F. (2020). Split regeneration of chelating resins for the selective recovery of nickel and copper. Separation and Purification Technology, 253, 117516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117516

Velmurugan, P., Shim, J., Lee, K.-J., Cho, M., Lim, S.-S., Seo, S.-K., Cho, K.-M., Bang, K.-S., & Oh, B.-T. (2015). Extraction, characterization, and catalytic potential of amorphous silica from corn cobs by sol-gel method. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 29, 298–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2015.04.009

Wang, J., & Chen, C. (2009). Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future. Biotechnology Advances, 27(2), 195–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2008.11.002

World Health Organization, & International Program on Chemical Safety (Eds.). (1993). Guidelines for drinking-water quality (2nd ed). World Health Organization.

Zhang, W., Duo, H., Li, S., An, Y., Chen, Z., Liu, Z., Ren, Y., Wang, S., Zhang, X., & Wang, X. (2020). An overview of the recent advances in functionalization biomass adsorbents for toxic metals removal. Colloid and Interface Science Communications, 38, 100308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colcom.2020.100308

Zhu, C.-S., Wang, L.-P., & Chen, W. (2009). Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by agricultural by-product: Peanut hull. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 168(2–3), 739–746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.02.085.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v9i02.27136

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share