Pengaktifan Kimia Berbantuan Gelombang Mikro Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Kacang dengan Waktu Pra-karbonisasi yang Berbeda

Awitdrus Awitdrus(1), Dewi Mulfida(2), Rakhmawati Farma(3), Saktioto Saktioto(4), Iwantono Iwantono(5),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jf.v8i2.16974


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Abstract

Karbon aktif berbahan dasar kulit kacang (Arachis hypogaea L) disintesis menggunakan metode pengaktifan kimia berbantuan gelombang mikro. Kulit kacang dipra-karbonisasi selama 2 jam, 3 jam dan 4 jam pada temperatur 200 oC. Pengaktifan kimia dilakukan menggunakan kalium hidroksida dengan rasio massa pra-karbonisasi dan kalium hidroksida adalah 2:1 selama 24 jam. Iradiasi gelombang mikro dilakukan pada daya keluaran 630 watt selama 20 menit. Sifat fisika karbon aktif dikarakterisasi menggunakan difraksi sinar-X untuk mengetahui struktur mikro, isoterma adsorpsi/desorpsi N2 untuk mengetahui parameter porositas, serta infra merah transformasi Fourier untuk mengetahui struktur rantai karbon aktif. Pola difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa semua karbon aktif memiliki struktur turbostratik yang ditandai dengan adanya puncak (002) dan (100). Luas permukaan dan volume pori karbon aktif tertinggi adalah 153 m2/g dan 0,064 cm3/g untuk karbon aktif dengan waktu pra-karbonisasi selama 2 jam. Struktur rantai karbon menunjukkan adanya  gugus fungsi P=O, C-O, C-C, C-H pada bilangan gelombang 1031 cm-1, 1609,67 cm-1, 2363,87 cm-1, dan 2867,31 cm-1.

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