Implementing Geo Positioning System for Children Tracking Location Monitoring based on Android

Purpose: The objectives of this research are to generate a system or application to track the whereabouts of children through smartphones that can be used by both parents of the child, and to design device that can be used practically and children can be traced to the presence of wireless media by their parents. Improved supervision of children is needed without reducing the freedom of children to learn and explore their environment. Methods: One alternative that allows tracking the presence, location and accuracy is quite good is to use a Geo Positioning System (GPS). Result: This GPS is packaged in a flexible form so that it can help make it easier for parents to supervise their children in the range of areas that are still accessible to them and find the child's position when separated from their parents. Novelty: The system can send the location information of children who are lost or lost on smartphone applications used by parents.


INTRODUCTION
In terms of the growth of reason, children from the age of four to five years have a great curiosity about the surrounding environment and all information related to it [1]. Children at this age have advantages in the form of an adventurous spirit, high spirits, and like challenges. Children's activities can be divided into two main groups, namely active play and passive play or known as entertainment. Active play is a play activity that involves the child's physical movements and activities, such as running, going up and down stairs, playing sand, and others [2]. Conversely, passive play is entertaining and does not involve child gestures, such as observing other children playing, watching television, and playing video games. The development of a child that is different from one child to another, this is the stage of the child's stage of growth and development [3]. At this stage of growth and development which is in the golden phase tends to be more interested in exploring things around them [4]. When exploring this, children are interested in the surrounding environment, for example in open spaces where parents play an important role in monitoring the activities of children who are outside [5], [6]. Train children to prepare themselves to face this sometimes dangerous world, first develop a sense of security in themselves. It is natural to occasionally remind a child of the possibility of being abducted or cheated by someone he has not yet known or has known [7]. But, it does not mean having to over-protect it. It is not wise to forbid a child from going out the fence, while the child wants to play with neighbors outside the house. Or continue to accompany them in all their activities. Attitudes like this will increase a child's fear of things that are foreign to him.
Increased supervision of children is needed without reducing the freedom of children to learn and explore their environment [8]. For this reason is needed a tool or system that can help make it easier for parents to supervise their children in the range of areas that are still reachable by them and find the child's position when separated from their parents. Research conducted by [9] about the system of monitoring the location of children using geofencing on the Android platform. This research discusses how geofencing works a virtual perimeter on a geographical area using location services, using the android platform. While the author will create applications with the Delphi Embarcadero Xe8 programming and on the web using PHP MySQL. Then the research carried out by [10] about the design of information systems for tracking and monitoring web-based shipment packages with the help of an android mobile, and using GPS to find out the location of tracking and monitoring of shipment packages. Then, research conducted by [11] discusses the use of GPS for use in health research. Research conducted by [12] about assessing the spatial location of physical activity behavior. While the authors will make the tracking and use of Google maps to cover the whole world map and will be more accurate. With the review of the literature listed above, the methods and tools used are generally the same, but what distinguishes the research that will be made by the author is the place or media of application, the materials to be used as well as the objects examined and used as building designs child tracking system using GPS tracker uses technology that will be designed by itself and built on this final project that uses a microcontroller service and android interface as a controller for child tracking [13], [14].
The objectives of this research are to generate a system or application to track the whereabouts of children through smartphones that can be used by both parents of the child, and to design device that can be used practically and children can be traced to the presence of wireless media by their parents.

System Design
This system uses the ESP8266 wifi module which is used as an access point to access other devices through the internet network [15]. this device is commonly used in systems that are used based on internet of things (IoT) [16], [17]. The system designed also utilizes GPS technology for tracking, as shown ini Figure 1. When tracking first for a child search, GPS sends to ESP8266 the location data of the child's presence. Furthermore, when an order from mobile for tracking is obtained, ESP responds and continues sending data from GPS to mobile.  Figure 2 is the steps or making that is applied to the system and has been arranged in such a way that it is neater. The hardware running after compiled in terms of cabling or connection between hardware, then the coding of the NodeMCU microcontroller is required. The hardware components used are as follows.
a. GPS Antenna The GPS antenna for the Neo 6 GPS module at the top is expected to produce NMEA data from more GPS satellites perfect. b. Module GPS Neo 6 Laying the Neo 6 GPS module in the middle position between the antenna and the NodeMCU microcontroller. This arrangement is more practical and efficient because the Neo 6 GPS module has communication between the two hardware. c. Microcontroler NodeMCU Laying NodeMCU with the lowest position after the antenna module and the GPS module Neo 6. The bottommost position is because the microcontroller works without using signals, only communicates with the GPS module.

Figure 3. Data Exchange Process
In Figure 3, the Arduino requests data from the neo 6 GPS 6 module, and the neo 6 GPS takes data from the satellite in the form of NMEA data. NMEA data is sent to Arduino and filtered to retrieve location coordinate data only by Arduino. The coordinate data is sent via wireless communication to the smartphone [18], [19]. Coordinate data on smartphones is accessed via google maps which are accessed using the Google Maps API.

System Implementation
Monitoring system implementation for tracking system application consist of Login Form, Main Menu Form, Child list to be used for tracking and Tracking Form.
a. Login Form The login form functions to enter the child tracking system menu by the user that is the child's parents, to be able to access the next page the user must enter a username and password that has been registered in the system database.

b. Main Menu Form
On the home menu there is a child search radar as the most important menu contents for the child search process, then there is a menu for adding new users and a list of children that will be monitored by the user. In the home menu, a list of some children registered in the database will be monitored by parents of the child search google map. c. Child List On the child list menu is monitoring by the child tracking system, there are several forms that must be filled in there is a name, IP address of the GPS belt attached to the child and the child's birth date. Delphi XE 8.

d. Tracking Form
In the tracking form a map will appear that points the location of the child the user will be looking for. There are two locations that indicate the whereabouts of parents and missing children. In this menu the user will be directed where to look for his child. The functionality of this form in its implementation is used coding or programming in systems that use the Delphi XE 8 application.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Testing is done to test the level of system success. This research was tested by the author himself, assisted by the author's son. The tracking device is used by children and children are told to play with it. Subsequent testing of parents, in this case the author will try to measure and track the IP device is still connected or detected within a certain distance and radius in the presence of a barrier object in the form of a building and the absence of any barrier. The author monitors signal detection by using applications that have been made.
Monitoring system testing is carried out in a number of circumstances, for example without obstacles and with obstacles. The barriers used are doors, wall, buildings and trees. The purpose of testing using obstacles or not is to know that the system can be connected to the source or not. In testing this system is recorded in the test results table presented in the Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5 and Table 6. The distance used for testing the system is from 5 m to 50 m, with obstacles and without obstacles.      The tables above are test results based on distance and radius trials in detecting devices with applications whether connected or not when there are obstacles in the form of buildings, buildings and trees.  In Figure 4 it can be seen that for the obstacle in the form of one building, two building, three building, 2nd floor building, trees and wall/fence, the device is still connected at a distance of 5 to 20 meters. In Figure  5, the test results for a longer distance are shown. At a distance of 50 meters, the device is disconnected for all obstacles.

CONCLUSION
From the series of research and testing tools that have been done on the author, it can be concluded that the creation of a child's tracking system through a smartphone has been running and succeeded with a good success rate and in accordance with the system design concept and can be used by both parents of the child because the display is easy to understand overall. Then, making the system devices can be used comfortably like a practical child belt and can be tracked by the child's presence on the wireless media by his parents. System testing has been carried out, both using obstacles or without obstacles, and with different distances, ranging from 5 meters to 50 meters. The obstacles used for system testing are doors, walls, fences, buildings and trees. The monitoring system in this study, only carried out for testing at a maximum distance of 50 meters. For further research, a tracking application for the location of children can be designed that can reach longer distances, more than 50 meters. Then it can be added with other features and information related to the location search of children.