PEMBUATAN BIOADITIF TRIACETIN DENGAN KATALIS PADAT SILICA ALUMINA
Abstract
Triasetin is a bioaditif to increase the octane number of the gasoline. Triasetin was generated from the reaction between giserol and acetic acid. Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel production. Triasetin production can reduce glycerol which is actually a waste by converting it into bioaditif having higher value. The reaction can be accelerated by addition of catalysts either solid or liquid catalyst. The reaction in this study used a solid catalyst types Silica Alumina. The reaction takes place in the three-neck flask reactor which is equipped with heating unit, mixers, and tools to take samples at regular intervals. Variables used in this research is the variety of reaction time and the reaction temperature (70, 80, 90, 100, and 1100C). The concentration of triasetin obtained will be known through the analysis of Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of the analysis of GC or GC-MS treated or counted so getting glycerol conversion and selectivity of triasetin. The highest glycerol conversion 8,45% occurs at a temperature of 700C the reaction time of 90 minutes with triasetin selectivity 100%.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Balaraju, M., Nikhitha, P., Jagadeeswaraiah, K., Srilatha, K., Prasad, P. S. S., and Lingaiah, N., (2010), Acetylation of glycerol to synthesize bioadditives over niobic acid supported tungstophosphoric acid catalysts, Fuel Process. Tech., vol. 91, pp. 249-253.
Blue Print Pengelolaan Energi Nasional 2006-2025. Sesuai Peraturan Presiden Nomor 5 Tahun 2006. Jakarta 2006.
Cahyono, R. B., Mufrodi, Z., Hidayat, A., and Budiman, A., (2016), Acetylation of Glycerol for Triacetin Production using Zr-Natural Zeolite Catalyst, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol. 11, No. 8.
Ferreira, P., Fonseca, I. M., Ramos, A. M., Vital, J., and Castanheiro, J. E., (2009), Esterification of glycerol with acetic acid over dodecamolybdophosphoric acid encaged in USY Zeolite, Catal. Commun., vol. 10, pp. 481-484.
Fukumura, T., Toda, T., Seki, Y., Kubo, M., Kitakawa, N. S., and Yonemoto, T., (2009), Catalytic synthesis of glycerol monoacetate using a continuous expanded bed column reactor packed with cation-exchange resin, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., vol. 48, pp. 1816–1823.
Goncalves, V. L. C., Pinto, B. P., Silva, J. C., & Mota, C. J. A., (2008), Acetylation of glycerol catalyzed by different solid acids, Catal. Today, 133-135, 673-677.
Galan, M. I., Bonet, J., Sire, R., Reneaume, J. M., & Plesu, A. E., (2009), From Residual to Use Oil: Revalorization of Glycerine from the Biodisel Synthesis, Bioresource Tech., 100, 3775-3778.
Hou, J., Zhang, Q., Shi, W., and Li, Y., (1998), New process for synthesis of triasetin, Henan Huagon, vol. 15, pp. 18-19.
Jinyan Sun, Xinli Tong, Linhao Yu, Jun Wan, (2016), An efficient and sustainable production of triasetin from the acetylation of glycerol using magnetic solid acid catalysts under mild conditions, Catalysis Today 264 (2016) 115–122.
Jomtib, N., Prommuak, C., Goto, M., Sasaki, M., and Shotipruk, A., (2011), Effect of Co-solvents on Transesterification of Refined Palm Oil in Supercritical Methanol, Engineering Journal, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 49-58.
Khayoon, M.S., Triwahyono, S., Hameed, B.H., Jalil, A.A., (2014), Improved production of fuel oxygenates via glycerol acetylation with acetic acid, Chemical Engineering Journal 243 (2014) 473–484.
Kim, I., Kim, J., Lee. D., (2014), A Comparative Study on Catalytic Properties of Solid Acid Catalysis for Glycerol Acetylation at Low Temperature, Applied Catalysis B, (148-149) 295-303.
Kiss and R. M. Ignat, (2012), Enhanced methanol recovery and glycerol separation in biodiesel production – DWC makes it happen, Applied Energy, vol. 99, pp. 146-153.
Knothe, G., Krahl, J., and Gerpen, J. V., (2005), The Biodiesel Handbook. U.S.A: National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research.
Liao, X., Zhu, Y., Wanga, S. G., Chen, H., and Li, Y., (2010), Theoretical elucidation of acetylating glycerol with acetic acid and acetic anhydride, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., vol. 94, pp. 64–70.
Liu, Y. Lu, and Gong, S., (2007), Study on synthesis of glycerol triacetate using acidic functional ionic liquid as catalyst, Hebei Gongye Keji, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 21-23.
Molero, A., Grieken, R. V., Morales, G., and Paniagua, M., (2007), Acidic mesoporous silica for the acetylation of glycerol: Synthesis of bioadditives to petrol fuel, Energy and Fuels, vol. 21, pp. 1782-1791.
Mufrodi, Z., Rochmadi, Sutijan, and Budiman, A., (2010), Effects of temperature and catalyst upon triasetin production from glycerol (by-product biodiesel production) as octane booster, Proc. Advances in Renewable Energy Technologies Int. Conf., Cyberjaya, Malaysia, pp. 130-134.
Mufrodi, Z., Rochmadi, Sutijan, and Budiman, A., (2012), Chemical Kinetics for Synthesis of Triacetin from Biodiesel Byproduct, Int. J. Chem., 4(2), 100-107, pp. 101-107.
Nuryoto, Hary, S., Suprihastuti, S. R., dan Sutijan, (2010), Uji Performa Katalisator Resin Penukar Ion untuk Pengolahan Hasil Samping Pembuatan Biodiesel menjadi Triasetin, Seminar Rekayasa Kimia dan Proses 2010, ISSN : 1411-4216.
Rahmat, N., Abdullah, A. Z., and Mohamed, A. R., (2010), Recent progress on innovative and potential technologies for glycerol transformation into fuel additives: A critical review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 14, pp. 987–1000.
Rao, P. V., and Rao, B. V. A., (2011), Effect of adding Triasetin additive with Coconut oil methyl ester (COME) in performance and emission characteristics of DI diesel engine, Int. J. of Thermal Tech., 1, 100-106.
Reddy, P. S., Sudarsanam, P., Raju, G., and Reddy, B. M., (2010), Synthesis of bio-additives: Acetylation of glycerol over zirconia-based solid acid catalysts, Catal. Commun., vol. 11, pp. 1224-1228.
Rodríguez, D. and Gaigneaux, E.M., (2012), Glycerol acetylation catalysed by ion exchange resins, Catal. Today, vol. 195, pp. 14– 21.
Wu, H., Yu, B., and Ge, S., (2007), Complex solid super acid SO42-/ZrO2-TiO2 used in synthesis of glycerol triacetate, Huagon jinzhan, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1041-1043.
Zang, M., and Yuan, X., (2001), Synthesis of Glycerol Triacetate Catalized by Phosphotungstic Acid, Hecheng Huaxue, 9(5), 469-472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2223.
Zhi-Qiang W., Zhang, Z., Wen-Jing Y., Lan-Dong L., Ming-Hui Z., Zhong-Biao Z., (2016), A swelling-changeful catalyst for glycerol acetylation with controlled acid concentration, Fuel Processing Technology 142 (2016) 228–234.
Zhou, L., Nguyen, T. H., and Adesina, A. A., (2012), The acetylation of glycerol over amberlyst-15: Kinetic and product distribution, Fuel Process. Tech., vol. 104, pp. 310–318.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
