The Effect of Optimal Cash and Deviation from Target Cash on the Firm Value: Empirical Study in Indonesian Firms

R Heru Kristanto HC, Mamduh M Hanafi, Wayan Nuka Lantara

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of cash, optimal cash holding, deviation from target cash (the target adjustment model) on the firm value. This research uses a sample of Indonesian publicly traded firms for the period 2001-2017 (3,349 observation). This paper uses a dynamic panel fixed effects model to estimate optimal cash holdings. Hypothesis testing uses GLS fixed effect and interaction effect uses regression moderated analysis. Research finds that: first, cash, optimal cash, and deviation from target cash have an effect on the firm value. Second, corporate governance moderates the effect of cash, optimal cash, and deviation from target cash on the firm value. Third, investment positively moderates the effect of cash on the firm value. Investment negatively moderates the effect of optimal cash, deviation from target cash on the firm value. Debt negatively moderates the effect of cash, optimal cash on the firm value. Debt positively moderates the effect of deviation from target cash on the firm value.

 

Keywords

optimal cash holding; deviation standarts cash; corporate governance; investments; debt.

Full Text:

PDF

References

References

Almeida, H., Campello, M., & Weisbach, M. S. (2004). The cash flow sensitivity of cash. The Journal of Finance, 59(4), 1777-1804.

Almeida, H., Campello, M., Cunha, I, & Weisbach, M. S. (2014). Corporate liquidity management: A concept frame work and survey. Annual Review of Financial Economic, 6 (1), 135-162.

Bates, T. W., Kahle, K. M., & Stulz, R. M. (2009). Why do US firms hold so much more cash than they used to? The Journal of Finance, 64(5), 1985-2021.

Byers, S.; Field, L. & Fraser, DR. (2008). Are corporate governance and bank monitoring substitutes: Evidence from the perceived value of bank loans. Journal of Corporate Finance, 14: 475-483.

Byoun, S (2008). How and when do firms adjust their capital structures toward target? Journal of Finance. Vol. 63, pp. 3069-3096.

Byrd, JW. & KA. Hickman (1992). Do outside directors monitor rmanagers? Evidence from tender off bird. Journal of Financial Economics, 32 (2): 195-221.

Chen, Y; Dou, P; Rhee, S.G, Truong,C. & Veeraraghavan, M. (2015). National culture and corporate cash holding around the world. Journal of Banking and Finance, 50 (1), 1-18.

Coles. JW.; VB. McWilliams dan N. Sen. (2001). An examination of the relationship of governance mechanisms to performance. Journal of Management, 27 (1): 23-50.

Dittmar A, & Duchin R. (2011). Dynamic of Cash. Working Paper, University of Michigan.

Dittmar, A., & Mahrt-Smith, J. (2007). Corporate governance and the value of cash holdings. Journal of financial economics, 83(3), 599-634.

Dittmar, A., Mahrt-Smith, J., & Servaes, H. (2003). International corporate governance and corporate cash holdings. Journal of financial and quantitative analysis, 38(01), 111-133.

Fama, E.F. & Jensen M.C. (1983. Agency problems and residual claims. Journal of Law and Economics, 26: 372-349.

Ferreira, M. A., & Vilela, A. S. (2004). Why do firms hold cash? Evidence from EMU countries. European Financial Management, 10(2), 295-319.

Fresard, L. (2010). Financial strength and product market behavior: The real effects of corporate cash holdings. The Journal of Finance, 65(3), 1097-1122.

Gillan, Stuart, (2006). Recent developments in corporate governance: an overview. Journal of Corporate Finance, 12 (3): 381-402.

Guney, Y., Ozkan, A., & Ozkan, N. (2007). International evidence on the non-linear impact of leverage on corporate cash holdings. Journal of Multinational financial management, 17(1), 45-60.

Harford, J. (1999). Corporate cash reserves and acquisitions. The Journal of Finance, 54(6), 1969-1997.

Harford, J., Mansi, S. A., & Maxwell, W. F. (2008). Corporate governance and firm cash holdings in the US. Journal of financial economics, 87(3), 535-555.

Hendrawati, Ernie, 2015. Peran Corporate Governance Dalam Mengendalikan Masalah Keagenan yang Ditimbulkan oleh Excess Cash Holding. Disertasi Program Doktor Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Gadjah Mada. Tidak Dipublikasikan.

Jensen, M. C, & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency cost and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economic, 3 (4): 305-360.

Jensen, M. C. (1986). Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. The American economic review, 323-329.

Jensen, M. C., & Smith, C. W. (2000). Stockholder, manager, and creditor interests: applications of agency theory. Theory of the Firm, 1(1).

Jiang, Zhan & Lie, E (2016). Cash Holding Adjusment and Managerial Entrenchment. Journal of Corporate Finance (Accepted Manuscript). doi: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2015.12.008.

Johnsen, S. & Milton, T. (2003). Cronyism and capital control: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Financial Economics, 67: 351-382.

Kalcheva, I., & Lins, K. V. (2007). International evidence on cash holdings and expected managerial agency problems. Review of Financial Studies, 20(4), 1087-1112.

Keynes, JM. (1936). The general theory of employment interest and money. The Collected Writing of JM Keynes, Vol. VII, London, Macmillan.

Kristanto, Heru & Nuka, Lantara. (2016). The role of investment policy, debt policy, macroeconomic to cash holding and firm value in aneka industry sector in Indonesia. The 2nd Indonesian Finance Association International Conference (IFA Conference) 2016. UGM Yogyakarta, Agustus 10-11, ISBN 979-8541-84-7. Penerbit: Beta Offset Yogyakarta, Cetakan pertama, Agustus 2016.

Kristanto, Heru; Hanafi, Mamduh & Setiyono, Bowo. (2017). Optimal Cash Holding, Moderating Factors and Firm Value in Aneka Industry Sector in Indonesia. Management Dynamic International Conference, FEB Universitas Negeri Semarang, 13-14 September 2017.

Lau, J., & Block, J. H. (2012). Corporate cash holdings and their implications on firm value in family and founder firms. Corporate Ownership and Control, 9, 309-326.

Loncan, TR. & Caldeira, JF.(2014). Capital structure, cash holding and firm value: a study of Brazilian listed firm. Research Continental Financial. Sao Paulo, vol. 25, n. 64: 46-59.

Luo, Q., & Hachiya, T. (2005). Corporate governance, cash holdings, and firm value: evidence from Japan. Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies, 8(04), 613-636.

Miller, M. H., & Orr, D. (1966). A Model of the Demand for Money by Firms. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 80(3), 413-435.

Opler, T., Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R., & Williamson, R. (1999). The determinants and implications of corporate cash holdings. Journal of financial economics, 52(1), 3-46. 33.

Orlova, Svetlana & Rao, Ramez (2018). Cash Holding Speed of Adjustment. International Review of Economic and Finance, Volume 54. March, pp. 1-4.

Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R. M., & Williamson, R. (2003). Do firms in countries with poor protection of investor rights hold more cash? : National Bureau of Economic Research.

Pinkowitz, L., Stulz, R., & Williamson, R. (2006). Does the contribution of corporate cash holdings and dividends to firm value depend on governance? A crossâ€country analysis. The Journal of Finance, 61(6), 2725-2751.

Saddour, K. (2006). The determinants and the value of cash holdings: evidence from French firms. Cahier de recherche n, 6.

Shipe, Stephan (2015). Volatility of Cash Holding and Firm Value. Job Market Paper. Florida State University, September 6.

Thomsen, S. & Pedersen, T. (2000). Ownership structure and economics performance in largest European companies. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 689-705.

Venkiteshwaran, Vinod (2011). Partial adjustment toward optimal cash holding level. Review of Financial Economics. Vol. 20, pp. 113-121.


View Counter: Abstract - 1325 and PDF - 841

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.