Purwarupa dan Kinerja Pengering Gabah Hybrid Solar Heating dan Photovoltaic Heater dengan Sistem Monitoring Suhu

Usman Usman(1), Akhyar Muchtar(2), Umar Muhammad(3), Nunik Lestari(4),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jte.v12i1.24028


(1) Teknik Listrik, Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
(2) Pendidikan Teknik Elektro, Universitas Negeri Makassar
(3) Teknik Listrik, Politeknik Bosowa
(4) Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Abstract

Grain drying is a process to reduce grain moisture content to certain conditions, so the grain can last longer in storage. The grain dryer model used in this research was Indirect Type Solar Dryer (ITSD). In order to make this dryer can work at night, heating element that used electrical energy from solar panels was added. This energy is a renewable and environmentally friendly energy. This dryer was equipped with a temperature monitoring system and control of the photovoltaic heater. The results of temperature monitoring and voltage sensors to controlling photovoltaic heaters based on validation are categorized as work measurement tools, because they have an error of 0.5% – 2%. Whereas the relay works when the battery voltage is 11 - 10.9 V. This dryer can dry grain to reach a moisture content of 14.90% from initial  moisture content of 48.46%. The drying process lasts for 11 hours, which is 7 hours using solar energy and 4 hours using photovoltaic heaters. The average temperature produced by dryer system during the drying process is 35.28 °C with a drying efficiency of 60.14%.

Keywords

indirect type solar dryer; grain drying; photovoltaic heater; solar panel; temperature monitoring; drying efficiency

Full Text:

PDF

References

S. Nugraha and R. Thahir, “Keragaan Kehilangan Hasil Pascapanen Padi pada 3 (Tiga) Agroekosistem,†Bul. Teknol. Pasca Panen, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 42–49, 2016.

S. Nugraha, “Inovasi teknologi pascapanen untuk mengurangi susut hasil dan mempertahankan mutu gabah/beras di tingkat petani,†Bul. Teknol. Pasca Panen, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 48–61, 2016.

U. M. Arief, “Aplikasi Kontrol PID untuk Kontrol Suhu dan Humidity pada Sistem Pengeringan Seledri,†J. Tek. Elektro; Vol 6, No 2 J. Tek. ElektroDO - 10.15294/jte.v6i2.3583 , May 2015.

R. Hosovskyi and D. Kindzera, “Diffusive mass transfer during drying of grinded sunflower stalks,†Chem. Chem. Technol., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 459–464, 2016.

H. Faggion, L. Tussolini, F. B. Freire, J. T. Freire, and E. F. Zanoelo, “Mechanisms of heat and mass transfer during drying of mate ( Ilex paraguariensis ) twigs,†Dry. Technol., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 474–482, Mar. 2016, doi: 10.1080/07373937.2015.1060498.

F. Khalil, L. Nelwan, and I. D. Subrata, “Design of Control System for Grain Drying with Solar Collector and Heat Storage,†J. Keteknikan Pertan., vol. 04, no. 1, pp. 87–96, Apr. 2016, doi: 10.19028/jtep.04.1.87-96.

T. Panggabean, A. Neni Triana, and A. Hayati, “Kinerja Pengeringan Gabah Menggunakan Alat Pengering Tipe Rak dengan Energi Surya, Biomassa, dan Kombinasi,†Agritech, vol. 37, no. 2, p. 229, Sep. 2017, doi: 10.22146/agritech.25989.

I. A. Ramli, J. Jamalauddin, and S. Yanto, “Laju pengeringan gabah menggunakan pengering tipe efek rumah kaca (ERK),†J. Pendidik. Teknol. Pertan., vol. 3, pp. 158–164, 2018.

A. B. Lingayat, V. P. Chandramohan, V. R. K. Raju, and V. Meda, “A review on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops – Dryer setup, its performance, energy storage and important highlights,†Appl. Energy, vol. 258, p. 114005, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114005.

F. C. Tedesco, A. J. Bühler, and S. Wortmann, “Design, Construction, and Analysis of a Passive Indirect Solar Dryer With Chimney,†J. Sol. Energy Eng., vol. 141, no. 3, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1115/1.4041931.

G. Gultom, M. Ginting, I. Irwansyah, A. A. Rahmansyah, and D. Situngkir, “Implementasi Pengiriman Data Sensor Suhu Ke Database Pada Sistem Heating-Holding Pemanas Bertingkat Untuk VCO,†Ready Star, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 167–172, 2019.

L. Abhay, V. P. Chandramohan, and V. R. K. Raju, “Numerical analysis on solar air collector provided with artificial square shaped roughness for indirect type solar dryer,†J. Clean. Prod., vol. 190, pp. 353–367, Jul. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.130.

S. Yadav, A. B. Lingayat, V. P. Chandramohan, and V. R. K. Raju, “Numerical analysis on thermal energy storage device to improve the drying time of indirect type solar dryer,†Heat Mass Transf., vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 3631–3646, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1007/s00231-018-2390-7.

M. Souaihia, B. Belmadani, and R. Taleb, “State of charge estimation based on adaptive algorithm for Lead-Acid battery,†Indones. J. Electr. Eng. Informatics, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 229–240, 2019, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeei.v7i2.1002.

U. Usman and U. Muhammad, “Perencanaan dan Analisis Ekonomi PLTS Terpusat (Studi Kasus : Pulau Kodingareng),†in Seminar Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Informatika (SNTEI) 2016, 2016, pp. 38–46.

E. K. Akpinar and S. Toraman, “Determination of drying kinetics and convective heat transfer coefficients of ginger slices,†Heat Mass Transf., vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 2271–2281, 2016.

Z. Zamharir, S. Sukmawaty, and A. Priyati, “Analisis Pemanfaatan Energi Panas pada Pengeringan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) dengan Menggunakan Alat Pengering Efek Rumah Kaca (ERK),†J. Ilm. Rekayasa Pertan. dan Biosist., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 264–274, 2016.

S. Edi, T. Tamrin, and D. D. Novita, “Uji kinerja alat pengering tipe rak pada pengeringan chip sukun menggunakan energi listrik,†J. Tek. Pertan. Lampung (Journal Agric. Eng., vol. 6, no. 2, 2017.

R. Hanafi, K. Siregar, and D. Nurba, “Modifikasi dan Uji Kinerja Alat Pengering Energi Surya-Hybrid Tipe Rak untuk Pengeringan Ikan Teri,†Rona Tek. Pertan., vol. 10, no. 1, Apr. 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.17969/rtp.v1i1.7447.

U. Usman, U. Muhammad, and N. R. Wibowo, “Rancang Bangun Pyranometer Berbasis Mikrokontroler,†Patria Artha Technol. J., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 139–144, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.33857/patj.v2i2.137.

A. H. Saptadi, “Perbandingan Akurasi Pengukuran Suhu dan Kelembaban Antara Sensor DHT11 dan DHT22 Studi Komparatif pada Platform ATMEL AVR dan Arduino,†J. Inform. dan Elektron., vol. 6, no. 2, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.20895/infotel.v6i2.73.

Z. R. Aidha and F. T. Satrio, “Monitoring Suhu Proses Sangrai Biji Kopi,†J. Ilm. Poli Rekayasa, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 63–72, 2017.

A. Sumarjono, “Sistem Monitoring dan Pengendalian Suhu Ruangan Di Laboratorium Dengan Menggunakan Labview Berbasis Arduino,†Integr. Lab J., vol. 6, no. 2, 2018.

A. Fitriandi, E. Komalasari, and H. Gusmedi, “Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Arus dan Tegangan Berbasis Mikrokontroler dengan SMS Gateway,†J. Rekayasa dan Teknol. Elektro, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 87–98, 2016.

H. Suryawinata, D. Purwanti, and S. Sunardiyo, “Sistem Monitoring Pada Panel Surya Menggunakan Data Logger Berbasis Atmega 328 Dan Real Time Clock DS1307,†J. Tek. Elektro; Vol 9, No 1 J. Tek. ElektroDO - 10.15294/jte.v9i1.10709 , Jan. 2018.

T. Millati, Y. Pranoto, N. Bintoro, and T. Utami, “Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan pada Gabah Basah yang Baru Dipanen terhadap Perubahan Mutu Fisik Beras Giling,†Agritech, vol. 37, no. 4, p. 477, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.22146/agritech.12015.

A. O. Omolola, A. I. O. Jideani, and P. F. Kapila, “Drying kinetics of banana (Musa spp.),†Interciencia, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 374–380, 2015.

R. Rozana, R. Hasbullah, and T. Muhandri, “Respon Suhu pada Laju Pengeringan dan Mutu Manisan Mangga Kering (Mangifera indica L.),†J. Keteknikan Pertan., vol. 4, no. 1, 2016.

L. J. Sari, “Uji Performansi Alat Pengering Gabah Tipe Dmp-1 dengan Penambahan Batu Alor Hitam pada Ruang Kolektor dan Ruang Pengering Sebagai Penyimpan Panas,†J. Keteknikan Pertan. Trop. dan Biosist., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 84–91, 2019.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share