ANALISIS KENAIKAN TEKANAN AIR PORI CLEAN SAND MENGGUNAKAN METODE CYCLIC SHEAR-STRAIN CONTROLLED

Rini Kusumawardani(1), Lashari .(2), Untoro Nugroho(3), Hanggoro Tri Cahyo A(4),


(1) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)
(2) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)
(3) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)
(4) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)

Abstract

Liquefaction phenomenon could be analysed using strain-controlled loading method where informations about sands pore water pressure build-up were presented. Maintaining small deformation values whenever the soil was subjected to cyclic loading, this non-destructive method presents clearly the information about the increasing sands pore water pressure. It is concluded that liquefaction occurs whenever the pore water pressure reaches the same value with the soil effective stress (σ3’). Strain-controlled loading method introduces a fundamental parameter for undrained cyclic loading tests on fully saturated sands: shear strain treshhold (γt). This parameter divides the pore water pressure into two distinct zones, namely the constant pore water pressure and the increasing one. When cyclic shear strain amplitude (γ) is set up lesser than γt then pore water pressure stays constant. Contrastly, a larger set up of γ than γt results the increasing pore water pressure. Laboratory test on clean sand using relative density (Dr) 25%, 60 % and 80%, with effective pressure σ3’ = 100 kPa and frequency (f) applied 0.05 Hz and 0.1 Hz,  shows that γt = 1,5. 10-2  %. Whilst other test using Dr = 60% and f = 0.1 Hz confirms that γt = 1,5. 10-2  %  (50 ≤ σ3’ (kPa) ≤ 100) and γt = 5. 10-2  % (σ3’ = 200kPa). Last test using Dr = 60% and f = 0.05 Hz reveals γt = 1,2. 10-2  %  (50 ≤ σ3’ (kPa) ≤ 100) and γt = 2. 10-2  % (σ3’ = 200kPa).

Fenomena likuifaksi dapat dianalisis menggunakan metode strain-controlled loading method. Metode ini merupakan metode non destruktif pada benda uji yang dapat menyajikan seluruh informasi kenaikan tekanan air pori secara lengkap. Metode ini dilakukan dengan cara mempertahankan nilai small deformation ketika diterapkan pembebanan secara siklis. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh hasil bahwa likuifaksi terjadi ketika tekanan air pori mencapai nilai sebanding tekanan efektif tanah (σ3’). Metode ini menghasilkan parameter cyclic shear strain treshhold (γt). Parameter ini membagi grafik tekanan air pori menjadi dua zona yaitu zona konstan dan zona kenaikan tekanan air pori. Ketika amplitudo cyclic shear strain (γε) lebih rendah dari γt maka tidak akan ditemui kenaikan tekanan air pori. Tetapi sebaliknya jika γε > γt maka akan muncul kenaikan tekanan air pori. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian pada pasir murni dengan kepadatan relatif (Dr) sebesar 25%, 60% dan 80% dengan penerapan tekanan kekang sel σ3’ = 100 kPa dan frekuensi pembebanan (f) = 0.05 Hz dan 0,1 Hz tampak bahwa nilai γt sebesar 1,5. 10-2  %. Uji lain dengan menggunakan kondisi batas Dr = 60% dan f = 0.1 Hz menghasilkan nilai γt sebesar 1,5. 10-2  %  (50 ≤ σ3’ (kPa) ≤ 100) dan γt = 5. 10-2  % (σ3’ = 200kPa). Serta pengujian dengan kondisi batas Dr = 60% dan f = 0.05 Hz menunjukan hasil  γt sebesar 1,2. 10-2  %  (50 ≤ σ3’ (kPa) ≤ 100) dan γt = 2. 10-2  % (σ3’ = 200kPa).

Keywords

threshold shear strain; dynamic loading; liquefaction; pore water pressure; sands; threshold cyclic shear strain; pembebanan dinamislikuifaksi; tekanan air pori

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References

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Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 2011, Data geologi-geoteknik kawasan Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, UMY

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