MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AFTER-FIRE CONCRETE WITH RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) AS AN ADDITIONAL MATERIAL
(1) Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mataram University
Abstract
The temperature above 200 oC at fire can cause reducing of the strength of concrete. To anticipate that condition, in order to enhance the strength, the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as an additional material is an alternative. The research would like to know the mechanical behavior and physical changing of after fire concrete with RHA. The specimens are concrete cylinder with 15 cm in diameter and 30 cm height. They are 54 specimens, 30 specimens are used for compression strength of normal concrete at various ages, and the less 24 specimens are used for the compression strength of after fire concrete. The test runs at 3, 7, 14, 28, and 90 days for normal concrete, and 90 days for after fire concrete. The temperatures of fire are 200, 400, 600, and 800 oC respectively with duration one hour. At temperature 200 oC, the compression strength of normal concrete lower than that of RHA concrete. In addition, at 400, 600, and 800 oC, the compression strength of normal concrete less decrease than that of RHA concrete Modulus elasticity of both normal and RHA concrete decrease after firing at 200 to 800 oC. At 400 to 600 oC, they have surface crack and color changing brown to black brown for normal concrete, also white brown for RHA concrete. At 800 ˚C, for normal concrete not only have surface cracks but also spalling. The colors of the concrete become white brown (at 600 oC), and white pink (at 800 oC).
Pada saat kebakaran, bila suhu yang terjadi di atas 200 oC, kekuatan beton akan menurun. Penambahan abu sekam padi (RHA, rice husk ash) merupakan upaya memperbaiki mutu beton. Pada penelitian ini akan dikaji seberapa jauh penurunan kekuatan dan perubahan fisik beton dengan penambahan abu sekam padi 15 % pasca kebakaran. Benda uji berupa silinder beton dengan diameter 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm. Jumlah benda uji sebanyak 54 sampel, 30 sampel dipakai untuk kuat tekan pada umur yang berbeda, dan 24 sampel dipakai untuk uji kuat tekan beton pasca bakar. Pengujian kuat tekan beton dilakukan pada umur 3, 7, 14, 28, dan 90 hari untuk beton pra bakar, dan 90 hari untuk beton pasca bakar Pembakaran dilakukan pada suhu 200, 400, 600, dan 800 oC, dengan lama pembakaran masing-masing 1 jam. Pada suhu 200 oC, beton normal mengalami kenaikan kuat tekan lebih kecil bila dibandingkan dengan kuat tekan beton dengan abu sekam padi. Pada suhu 400, 600, dan 800 oC beton normal mengalami penurunan kuat tekan lebih kecil dari penurunan kuat tekan beton dengan abu sekam padi. Modulus elastisitas beton normal maupun beton dengan abu sekam padi pasca bakar suhu 200hingga 800 oC mengalami penurunan. Pada suhu 400hingga 600 oC, beton normal maupun beton dengan RHA mengalami retak-retak permukaan (surface crack), dan perubahan warna, menjadi abu-abu kehitaman (beton normal), dan abu-abu (beton RHA). Pada suhu 800 oC beton normal selain mengalami retak-retak permukaan juga mengalami pengelupasan (spalling). Warna beton menjadi putih keabu-abuan (suhu 600 oC) dan merah muda keputih-putihan (suhu 800 oC).
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