Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat starting in 2024 migrates from OJS 2 to OJS 3 to better secure from various unwanted things, including journal hacking and so on. To submit, the author please visit the new website page of our journal at the link https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/kemas MIGRATION OFFICIAL STATEMENT HERE KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat [P-ISSN 1858-1196 | E-ISSN 2355-3596] publised by Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia (IAKMI Tingkat Pusat) and Jejaring Nasional Pendidikan Kesehatan (JNPK). KEMAS publishes the article based on research or equivalent to research results in public health or other disciplines related to public health that has not been loaded/published by other media. The journal contains articles about epidemiology and biostatistics, health policy and administration, public health nutrition, environmental health, occupational health and safety, health promotion, reproductive health, maternal and child health, and other related articles in public health. The journal can be used by health practitioners, health caregivers, teachers, medical students, and people who are interested in public health issues. The journal was first published in July 2005. Since 2022, the journal were published quarterly a year in July, October, January, and April. Starting October 2022, articles in KEMAS Journal have been accepted for indexing to Scopus.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang
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Self-Efficacy About Sexual Behavior Among Islamic Boarding School Students
Having premarital sexual intercourse has a broad risk impact on health. This is in accordance with the teachings of Islam that should be upheld by all Muslims, with no exception for students living in Islamic boarding schools. To Islamic values and culture, students should have strong self-efficacy to prevent them from engaging in sexual behavior. This study aims to determine the effect of self-efficacy on the sexual behavior of students living in Islamic boarding schools. This cross-sectional study sampled 150 students who lived in Islamic boarding school in Semarang, Indonesia. Students at Islamic boarding schools who had premarital sex were more likely to be found in adolescents aged <19 years (15.2%), male (9.5%), had low self-efficacy (18.2%), and ever accessed pornography (23.1%). Accessing pornography was influenced by sex (p = 0.021, OR = 0.235), while premarital sexual intercourse behavior was influenced by age (p = 0.013, OR = 10.716) and self-efficacy (p = 0.043, OR = 4.602). Younger students with low self-efficacy are more likely to practice premarital sexual intercourse. This study found that accessing pornography had no effect on the practice of sex carried out by students in Islamic boarding schools. The health ministry needs to work with the religious affairs ministry to design programs aimed at increasing self-efficacy among students in Islamic boarding schools.
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Referral Flow for Maternal and Child Health in Central Java Province during Health Crises Management
Central Java Province is one of the provinces that often experiences disasters. During the period 1 May 2023 – 31 May 2023, 72 incidents of strong winds, 8 incidents of land moving, 107 incidents of flooding, 94 incidents of landslides, 6 volcanic eruptions, and 2 incidents of fire were recorded. In disaster emergencies, the health needs of mothers and children are often overlooked. This study aims to analyze the flow of maternal and child health referrals in health crisis management in the focus location regencies in Central Java Province. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) in March 2023. The research locations were Semarang Regency, Brebes Regency, Grobogan Regency, and Klaten Regency. The sample selection technique used was purposive sampling. The integrated referral system is not yet running optimally. The health referral flow carried out is not yet specialized in treating mothers and children. Pentahelix collaboration is carried out in managing health crises. The supporting factors in disaster management are the existence of policies, the availability of infrastructure for evacuating victims, as well as coordination from various sectors. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors are the lack of trained human resources, limited logistics, and low public awareness regarding disasters. Thus, there is a need to develop a special referral pathway for maternal and child health involving multi-sectors, increase public awareness of disaster management, and strengthen Pentahelix collaboration in health crisis management.
The Severity Level of Knee Osteoarthritis is a Predictor of Falls Among the Elderly
Knee osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative disease that leads to the disability in elderly. Changes in the joint structure that cause pain, functional limitations, and decreased the quality of elderly life. Muscle weakness and decreased proprioception associated with the decrease of balance can cause someone with Knee OA to have an increase the risk of falling. This study aimed to determine whether the severity level of knee OA is interdependent with the risk of falls among the elderly. Cross-sectional study an observational analytic approach, carried out at University Hospital of Muhammadiyah Malang, in May 2023. The sample consisted of 30 elderly subjects recruited and used purposive sampling for a clinical trial. Oxford Knee Score (OKS) is used to measure the severity of KOA and the Morse Falls Scale (MFS) is used to measure the risk of falls of the elderly. The correlation between the severity of knee OA and the risk of falls was identified through the Fisher exact test. Among 30 subjects with knee OA. The prevalence of knee OA with poor joint function was 20%. There is a relationship between the degree of KOA and the level of fall risk. The results of this study show that there is a relationship between the degree of KOA and the level of risk of falls in the elderly at UMM Hospital where, the higher the degree of KOA, the higher the level of risk of falls in the elderly.
Giving Baby Porridge Made From Moringa Leaves and Snakehead Fish to Toddlers in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Problems in toddlers who are inadequate in consuming MP-ASI cause one of them is stunting. Stunting is a major health problem in communities in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of providing MPASI baby porridge made from moringa leaves and snakehead fish on body weight. The research method used This study design used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) which investigated the effect of providing MPASI baby porridge made from moringa leaves and snakehead fish on toddler body weight. The sample size calculated was 30 respondents. The sample size of 30 toddlers aged 1-12 months was divided into 15 toddlers who were given treatment and 15 toddlers who were not given treatment. The results showed that the percentage of toddlers with underweight in the intervention group decreased from a mean of 6513.33 to 6706.67 while in the control group it only decreased from a mean of 6500.00 to 6586.67. Overall, the weight status of toddlers in the intervention group changed significantly (p <0.000).
The Improvement Of Debris Index And Knowledge Through Dental Health E-Book Program For Elementary School Students In Jakarta And Bali
Riskesdas 2018 show that the largest percentage of dental problems in Indonesia is dental caries (45.3%). The provision of dental health services in school is carried out through UKGS. Counseling method and tooth brushing demonstrations to promote dental health are routinely carried out for elementary school students. This method is used to change the behavior of maintaining dental health by brushing teeth properly and correctly. With current technological developments, the use of Android is common in learning activities. Android applications can be media that is favored by children. The educational program named "E-Book Dental and Oral Health Maintain" with an Android application is an innovative way to increase the behavior of maintaining dental and oral hygiene in children. The research objective was to determine the effect of e-book program with an Android application on the maintenance of dental health in children, as well as the role of parents. The sample consisted of 100 students of 5th grade elementary school. The increase of knowledge and the role of parents in improving dental health was significantly different between before and after the intervention, where p-value = 0.001. Research concluded that the knowledge and parents’ role is important in improving children's dental health.
Digital Health Literacy for Bachelor Program Students at Indonesia University Year 2022
Currently, it is easier for people to access information through various devices connected to internet technology. However, this raises various new concerns, one of which is the spread of false or inaccurate information. To overcome this, a more specific literacy approach is needed, namely digital health literacy. This study aims to determine the relationship between personal determinants of digital health literacy in bachelor program students at the University Indonesia. This study uses secondary data analysis with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected through a survey conducted by a research team from the Faculty of Public Health, University Indonesia, using the eHEALS instrument about digital health literacy. The analysis uses multiple linear regression with health literacy as the dependent variable and social determinants including gender, age, science groups, and pocket money as independent variables. The results showed that the level of digital health literacy in bachelor program students was in a good category (M=3.14; SD=0.501). The results of the unadjusted model regression test show that the variables age (ß=0.205; 95% CI = 0.015-0.396) and pocket money (ß=1.011; 95% CI = 0.140-1.882) are significantly related to digital health literacy, while the results of the adjusted regression test the model shows that no variable has a confounder effect. The conclusion of this study is that age and pocket money affect the level of digital health literacy in bachelor program students at the University Indonesia. Therefore, efforts are needed to develop health education programs that can reach students from various backgrounds.
Analyzing 2017 Indonesia Demographic Health Survey: Knowledge, Socio-demographics, and HIV/AIDS Prevention among Housewives
The spread of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia is increasing and dominated by housewives. This study aims to analyze the knowledge and sociodemographics that influence HIV/AIDS prevention behavior among housewives in Indonesia through data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS 2017), the data used were women of childbearing age (15-49 years) with 12,445 samples. Cross-sectional study design with Chi-square test on bivariate analysis and logistic regression test on multivariate test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and HIV/AIDS prevention behavior. Woman who had better knowledge about HIV/AIDS tended to use condoms more often and take HIV tests and had positive attitudes towards safe sex also positively correlated with better prevention behavior. Regression results also revealed that sociodemographic factors such as knowledge, age, latest education, economic status, and place of residence had a significant impact on HIV/AIDS prevention behavior. This suggests the need for a diverse approach in designing prevention education programs that suit the characteristics of housewives.
Perspectives and Socioeconomic Influences of Personal Protective Equipment Waste Management on Post-COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic brought an upsurge in Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) usage, leading to emergent challenges in its post-use management, especially in urban centers like Jakarta. This study conducted a quantitative exploration, employing simple random sampling techniques, to investigate Jakarta citizens; perceptions of PPE waste management. Two significant factors, "Safe Management and Regulation" and "PPE Waste Handling," were identified as paramount in addressing the issue. Through cluster analysis, the population was segmented into three distinct clusters: "Regulatory-Driven Safety Respondents," "Operational PPE Focus Respondents," and "Minimal Management Respondents." The study also unveiled a notable influence of socioeconomic variables on PPE waste management attitudes, particularly occupancy and income. These findings give policymakers, urban planners, and researchers invaluable insights, emphasizing the need for a dual-focused approach encompassing regulatory and operational strategies tailored to specific demographic segments for optimal impact.
Knowledge and Attitude Related to Chemical Hazards Among Employees in Dental and Oral Hospital, Indonesia
The risk of chemical exposure in hospitals is a critical issue in the field of healthcare. Exposure to hazardous chemicals can have a negative impact on the health of healthcare workers operating in hospital environments. Hospitals utilize various chemicals, and exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption. This research, conducted in the year 2023, aims to assess the knowledge and attitudes of hospital employees regarding chemical hazards. The research employed a cross-sectional design with a total population sampling technique, with a sample size of 154 employees including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory technicians, radiologists, and support staff divided into three units: medical services, medical support, and management. Data analysis utilized bivariate analysis and the chi-square test for relationship testing. Multivariate analysis was also employed using logistic regression. The study's results reveal that 63% of the individuals are under 30 years of age, the majority are female (67.5%), 66.2% have less than 3 years of work experience, 62.3% work in medical service units, and 77.3% have an education level of a bachelor's degree or higher. Additionally, 52.6% of the employees are unmarried. A total of 76% of employees exhibit a positive attitude, and 89% possess good knowledge of chemical hazards. The study demonstrates a relationship between individual characteristics (age, gender, work experience, and unit) and the level of knowledge of chemical hazards among hospital employees. The multivariate analysis revealed that age and work unit are the influential variables. This research concludes that the majority of employees at the Dental and Oral Hospital possess good knowledge of chemical hazards and can recognize chemical hazard symbols in accordance with the GHS. Furthermore, most of them exhibit a positive attitude towards preventive measures and understanding of chemical hazards. The data analysis results indicate that there is a relationship between age, length of service, and work unit with the level of chemical hazard knowledge.
Perceptions of Covid-19 Vaccines among Students at DEBESMSCAT-Cawayan Campus, Cawayan, Masbate, Philippines
This study investigated the perceptions of students at DEBESMSCAT Cawayan Campus regarding COVID-19 vaccines. A descriptive survey method was used, and data were collected using a questionnaire. The findings revealed that a majority of the students at DEBESMSCAT Cawayan Campus have received COVID-19 vaccinations, falling short of the targeted vaccination rate of 70% mandated by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) for the resumption of face-to-face classes. A proportion of unvaccinated students expressed willingness to receive the vaccine. Overall, the COVID-19 vaccine was perceived as a crucial tool in preventing and protecting individuals from the virus, ensuring the safety of students' health in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a portion of students harbored doubts about the vaccine's efficacy in protecting against the virus. The study identified common reasons behind vaccine hesitancy among students, including fear of potential side effects, lack of trust in the vaccine's safety and effectiveness, and exposure to misinformation about the vaccine. These findings highlight the importance of addressing the concerns of hesitant students through educational initiatives and awareness campaigns that emphasize the benefits of vaccination. Such efforts will play a vital role in promoting vaccine acceptance and ensuring the well-being of students and the broader community in the face of the ongoing pandemic. Further research is warranted to explore the underlying factors influencing students' decision-making processes regarding vaccination.
Mosquito Nets Installation in Livestock Sheds as a Basis of Accelerated Malaria Vector Control Development
The decrease in the incidence of malaria has only reached 66.67%, from the target of 90% in 2030; Anopheles spp mosquitoes are zoophilic, So mosquitoes are more numerous in cattle sheds. The research is intended to change vector control policies by considering livestock sheds to accelerate malaria elimination. This study was a Pre-experiment with the design of the static group comparison, mosquito capture used a spot survey of six houses; three houses have goat sheds and three cowshed houses; mosquito catching with WHO guidelines that one house there are two catchers; likewise in cattle sheds. Arrests were made all night from 06.00 pm-06.00 am. The results, the ratio of Anopheles spp mosquitoes caught in livestock sheds is 36.5 times more than at home; while the vector is 2.5 more. The results of the statistical analysis are significant (p=0,000). Livestock sheds can be used as an alternative to malaria vector control to accelerate the decrease in density so that the incidence of malaria also decreases.
Nutritional Status of Young Athletes in Central Java, Indonesia
Proper nourishment is vital for persons who participate in physical activity and require increased amounts of important nutrients. Adolescents should give priority to this matter, as their developing bodies require greater nutritional requirements to support their growth and physical activity. An investigation carried out on adolescent athletes in Indonesia revealed that sports schools and athlete training facilities frequently encounter insufficient food consumption, which may have an impact on athlete performance and long-term well-being. The study aimed to examine the nutritional factors that influence body fat in young athletes who are enrolled in sports schools in Central Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted with the participation of 110 young athletes. The data for this study were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression. The result shows a relationship between gender, energy intake, protein intake, physical activity, and body fat percentage, as well as a correlation between age and BMI for age. The result of the multivariate analysis suggests that gender had the most effect on body fat percentage (r=0.77; p-value=<0.0001). Young athletes should receive comprehensive education and monitoring from certified experts to ensure eating and exercise habits that enhance performance and promote long-term health.
Relationship Between Physical Fitness And Psychological Well-Being On The Quality Of Life Of The Elderly
This study aims to analyze the relationship between physical fitness and psychological well-being, on the quality of life of the elderly, who are members of gymnastics groups. This cross-sectional study used the World Health Organization QOL short-form questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), a senior fitness test, and a psychological well-being scale. The sample consisted of 99 people aged 65 years and members of the elderly exercise community. As a result, no significant relationship was observed. Only three senior fitness test items 6-minute walk, 2-minute step, and sit and reach best explained the overall quality of life in physical, psychological, and environmental domains in the study group. The physical domain and overall quality of life are less significant for all dimensions of psychological well-being. The physical domain correlates only with the environmental mastery dimension, and overall, quality of life correlates better with the two psychological well-being dimensions. In conclusion, psychological well-being is closely related to quality of life, especially in the psychological, social, and environmental domains.
Identifying Malnutrition Risk Factors In Vulnerable Groups: A Fundamental Approach To Implementing Complementary Therapy In Health Crisis Mitigation
Malnutrition is a pressing global health issue affecting vulnerable communities, including children and elderly populations. This research aimed to identify the risk factors associated with malnutrition in these groups and explore the potential of complementary therapy in mitigating health crises caused by malnutrition. A comprehensive survey was conducted, collecting data from diverse vulnerable communities. The survey design included structured questionnaires, open-ended questions, and focus group discussions to gather quantitative and qualitative data. The findings revealed that food insecurity, limited access to healthcare, low socio-economic status, insufficient dietary diversity, and inadequate micronutrient intake were significant risk factors contributing to malnutrition. Moreover, participants expressed positive perspectives on the potential efficacy of complementary therapy in nutrition support and emphasized the importance of community engagement and integration with existing healthcare systems. The study concludes that evidence-based strategies and targeted interventions are crucial to address malnutrition and improve the health outcomes of vulnerable populations. The research findings contribute to a better understanding of malnutrition and lay the groundwork for sustainable solutions to mitigate health crises related to malnutrition.
Child Marriage: Motives and Intergenerational Phenomenon
The Law on Marriage has been amended, but the prevalence of child marriage has not been reduced significantly. Grobogan is one of the areas with the highest prevalence of married and pregnant women at child age (less than 19 years) in Central Java, and is always above the national prevalence. During 2018 the prevalence of cases reached 59.88%, in 2019 it was 51.24%, in 2020 it was 52.81%, in 2021 it was 54.33%, and in 2022 it was 52.15%. Marriage of women at child age becomessocial phenomena that often occur in society. This research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. The research uses a purposive sampling technique, namelyof all women who married at the age of less than 19 years in Grobogan district in the last 5 years (2018-2022), namely 2,676 cases. Data were analyzed to describe trends in cases and motives for marriage between women as children, as well as bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test to analyze the relationship between parents' marital history and children's marriages. The results of the research are that cases of child marriage (less than 19 years old) are more common among girls. Women are the ones who mostly marry under the age of 19. The most common cause (76.8%) underlying applications for marriage dispensation is dating behavior. Based on the pattern of child marriage couples that occurred in the last 5 years in Grobogan district, the most frequent marriages were women aged children (less than 19 years) marrying men aged adults (more than 19 years), namely 82.5%, there were 15.5 % of marriages that occurred between women and men who were both under 19 years of age, there were 1.8% of marriages that occurred between adult women (over 19 years) and men under 19 years of age, and 3 couples (0 .1%) married when both were 19 years old. There is a significant relationship between mothers' marital history and child marriages that occur in their daughters (p value 0.0002). This means that mothers who marry at a young age (less than 19 years) influence the occurrence of child marriage in their daughters.
Family History and Smartphone Use Associated With Refractive Error in School-Aged Children
The prevalence of Refractive Error (RE) in school children tends to increase. The study aims to analyze the prevalence and determinants of RE in elementary school children. The research was carried out in 2022, using a cross-sectional design. The research population is 110 students in grades V and VI of Krapyak State Elementary School, Semarang City. A total of 80 students were selected as samples with purposive sampling techniques. Data collection was carried out by interview techniques using questionnaires. RE is measured by Snellen Chart examination and pinhole lens. The multiple logistic regression multivariate test was used for risk factor analysis. The bivariate analysis resulted in 6 variables eligible for inclusion in the multivariate analysis model. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there were 2 risk factors for RE, namely: smartphone use ≥ 2 hours continuously per day (OR = 14.622 95% CI 1.124 - 190.181) and parental history (OR = 11.194, 95% CI 1.827 -65.567). The probability of RE if a student has both risk factors is 71%. The use of smartphones ≥ 2 hours continuously per day and the presence of parental history of RE are risk factors for RE events in elementary school students.
Analysis of Sport Tourism Potential, Occupational Safety and Health in Tandem Paragliding
This research aims to analyze the level of tourism security and safety in the tandem paragliding aspect in the Kemuning village area. The problem that arose was that there was a tandem paragliding accident, namely a tourist fell on Kemuning Hill, in this accident there was no insurance for tourist accidents. The research uses a mixed method model by taking into account the Kemuning paragliding tourism environment. Analysis of tandem paragliding tourism potential using SKKNI no. 157 of 2019 for tandem paragliding aerospace scouting. Data management uses SPSS 23, and the respondents studied are Kemuning paragliding tandem managers, paragliding tandem pilots, tourists, and parties concerned with the Kemuning tourism tandem. Located in Segoro Mountain, Kemuning Village, Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency. The research results show that tourism safety data for tandem paragliding in Kemuning village is in the Very Suitable category. There needs to be a new sports tourism sector that supports the main tourism so that it can increase community income and increase the health of tourism visitors.
Severe Malaria Risk Factors in Lupane District, Zimbabwe. A Retrospective Cohort Study
Zimbabwe envisions becoming a malaria-free country. However, a malaria resurgence has been reported in some of the elimination districts. This cohort study, guided by the Health Belief Model, aimed to examine risk factors associated with malaria severity in Lupane districts. Using proportionate stratified sampling, the study recruited 1207 individuals, comprising 1056 individuals who acquired malaria locally and 151 individuals who acquired malaria outside Lupane as captured in the DHIS2 electronic malaria-tracker database. The study used IBM SPSS 29.0.2.0(20)] for data analysis and odds ratios (ORs) were used to estimate relative risk (RR; 95% C.I; p<0.05). The study revealed relative risk for individuals who had not traveled 29.7 (8.74; 100.0), no Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets 12.3 (7.02; 21.4), possessed LLINs but not used 7.83 (4.29; 14.3), hosted visitors 6.19 (4.16; 9.22), lived in rural residence 1.94 (1.35; 2.79), slept outdoors during the night 1.93 (1.36; 2.74), and adults 0.22(0.13; 0.36) compared to the corresponding reference groups. As the country continues to fight against malaria, it is critical to address perceived risk factors that can reintroduce the disease and sustain the gains made in malaria elimination districts.
Energy Consumption and Nutritional to Status Emotional Eating Behavior Among Pregnant Women in Malang, Indonesia
Emotional eating behavior and increased food intake during emotional conditions are some factors that can contribute to obesity in pregnant women. This study examined the relationship between emotional eating behavior with energy consumption and nutritional status of pregnant women. This study was conducted from January to March 2024 and used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional study. The subjects were 59 pregnant women in the second and third trimesters at Kedungkandang Community Health Center, Malang, Indonesia. Emotional eating, energy consumption, and nutritional status was tested with correlation rank spearman test. In this study, 45.7% of respondents were high emotional eaters, 40.7% had sufficient energy intake, and 72.9% had a normal nutritional status. Spearman correlation test showed p<0.05 for energy consumption (p=0.008) and p>0.05 for nutritional status (p=0.548). We concluded that emotional eating behavior has a significant relationship with energy consumption but has no relationship with nutritional status. It is important to consider the larger context in which emotional eating behaviors take place to comprehend nutritional status during pregnancy. Therefore, future studies should examine other different populations or areas.
Analysis of Respondents’ Characteristics with Tuberculosis and Adherence Using Morisky Medication Adherence Scale
Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, results in approximately 10 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths annually worldwide. This research method is an observational analytical study using a cross sectional design. The target population of this study were all patients with Pulmonary TB who completed the intensive stage of treatment and participated in the DOTS program at selected health centers during the three months, namely patients diagnosed with Tuberculosis and registered as outpatients at the Hospital Nacional Guido Valadares ( HNGV) Dili, Klibur Domin Tibar, Liquiça and at the Hospital Sentru Saúde Bairro Pite, Dili, Timor-Leste. The inclusion criteria in this study involved tuberculosis patients who were receiving anti-tuberculosis drug therapy for at least four weeks since the initial stage of treatment, aged more or equal to 17 years and able to understand oral and written instructions. Data collection took place between September and November 2023, involving a sample of 69 respondents. These results provide an overview of respondent characteristics that are significant in analyzing treatment adherence in patients with pulmonary TB. Tuberculosis is a contagious disease caused by infection with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis germ, usually affecting not only the lungs but also other organs.
Impact Sanitation, Childbearing Age, Number of Children, Mother's Age with the Risk of Stunting in Children
Sanitation, childbearing age, number of children, and mother's age adequate is still the main challenge that has an impact on increasing the risk of stunting. This study aims to identify factors that affect the risk of stunting in children in Semarang City, Central Java Province, Indonesia, with a special focus on sanitation, childbearing age, number of children, and mother's age. The study used a linear regression research design with a sample of 383 mothers and their children in 2022. Data analysis was carried out using the ANOVA technique to evaluate the influence of independent variables on stunting risk. The results showed that sanitation (B = 1,060, p < 0.001), age of delivery (B = 0.149, p = 0.018), and number of children (B = 1,027, p < 0.001) had a significant positive relationship with stunting risk. In contrast, maternal age (B = -0.511, p < 0.001) showed a significant negative association with stunting risk. These findings have important implications for the development of public health policies and practices, particularly in improving sanitation and nutritional interventions in young mothers and families with many children. This study makes a unique contribution by identifying specific variables that affect stunting risk in Indonesia, which can be used to develop more effective prevention strategies.
Climate Factors with the Incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Semarang, Indonesia
In Indonesia, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains a public health issue that can lead to extraordinary events. Indonesia ranks fourth in the world for the highest incidence of DHF. This is evident from the fluctuating morbidity and mortality rates due to DHF in Indonesia, including in Semarang. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between climatic factors and the incidence of DHF in Semarang from 2018 to 2022. This type of research is descriptive observational with an ecological study design. The data sources for the study are secondary data from the Semarang City Health Office and the Semarang City Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) from 2018 to 2022. Data analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank test. The results showed that rainfall (p= 0,004; r= 0,37), air humidity (p= 0,0001; r= 0,47), temperature (p= 0,016; r= -0,31), wind speed (p= 0,0001; r= -0,48), and duration of sunshine (p= 0,015; r= -0,31) were associated with the incidence of DHF. The conclusion of this study indicates that there is a correlation between climatic factors, such as rainfall, air humidity, temperature, wind speed, and duration of sunshine with the incidence of DHF in Semarang from 2018 to 2022.
Wisdom of Local Food Ingredients as an Enhancer to Food Supply for Diabetes Mellitus Prevention
The increase in cases and prevalence of children with DM increased 70 times (2010 - January 2023). The dominant factor is unhealthy food consumption, which is exacerbated by the limited diversity of healthy foods available on the market. The objectives of the study were 1) to obtain local food ingredients and food products to be utilized, 2) to obtain product prototypes, 3) to obtain selected products for DM prevention. Activities consisted of: 1) Determining local food ingredients with a qualitative approach, 2) Obtaining selected product formulas for limited environmental testing, with Formula testing through expert design, Selected formula production testing, Proximate testing, organoleptic testing, 3) obtaining products ready for field testing, with hedonic testing, Anova testing and Post Hoc testing. The results obtained: 1) local food ingredients to be utilized are large white sweet potatoes (Ipomoema Batatas) with food products in the form of sweet potato pie. The selected product is F5 (45% sweet potato, 20% wheat and 5% tapioca), based on laboratory results, the lowest carbohydrate, total fat and total energy content (average 47.82%, 21.23%, 397.89) and the highest fiber content (9.64%). In addition, there are differences in overall values (F: 6.033, sig 0.003), color values (F: 4.252, sig 0.016), aroma values (F: 6.247, sig 0.002) and taste values (F: 1.841, sig 0.162). Furthermore, the results of the Post Hoc test concluded that there were differences related to overall values, color, aroma and taste between products F5 and F6.
Health Service Seeking Behavior in Suburban Communities
Health problems in Indonesia today are the low health status of the community, among others, marked by high maternal mortality rates and infant mortality rates, on the other hand the use of health services is an important factor in determining health, which is influenced by geographical, economic and social aspects. The purpose of the study was to analyze the relationship between health service access factors and the determination of decisions on choosing family health services in suburban communities in Java and Outside Java. The method with a quantitative approach and support from qualitative data. The instrument consists of a questionnaire related to access to health services (geographic access, economic access, social access) related to the choice of health services. The population of families in the Sub-urban areas of Semarang and Gorontalo. Samples were taken using the accidental sampling technique, as many as 100 families. Data analysis with univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. The results of the study obtained significant differences in the decision to choose health services between the suburban communities of Semarang (Java) and Gorontalo (Outside Java), with a t-value of 4.284 and a sig value of 0.000. The difference lies in economic access. The choice of health services in suburban families in Java is more oriented towards choosing medical services such as hospitals and community health centers, while outside Java there are still quite a lot of families who choose traditional medicine as their health services.
Urban-rural Gaps in Early Initiation of Breastfeeding (IEBF) Practices: Evidence from Thailand
The evidence that several factors can play a role as risk factor on initiation of breastfeeding. This study aimed to examine the risk factor of initiation of early breastfeeding in Thailand that differentiate by place of residence. This study used secondary data from MICS (Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey) of Thailand in 2022. Total sample lived in Urban area is 1226 and those lived in Rural area is 1,430. The analysis of this study has differentiated to urban area. The statistical test used is STATA. The prevalence of EIBF in urban. The findings of both place of residence revealed that delivery by caesarean section as risk factor in the urban and rural area with AOR 2.5 and 1.93 times respectively. Others risk factors in urban are formally married and in rural are the risk factors are delivery with practical nurse, and low birth weight of baby. The factors that supporting EIBF implementation are wealth index with AOR 0.48 and 1.46 respectively. Government and stockholders can focus to support the financial issue in the households to decrease the probability of not EIBF. Future study can include more variables in households and community levels and add the qualitative approach.