CIVILIZING ”THE OLD SOUTH” THROUGH MARGARET MITCHELL’SGONE WITH THE WIND

Rasiah Rasiah(1),


(1) Faculty of Cultural Science, Halu Oleo University-Kendari

Abstract

Gone With The Wind (GWTW) (1936) merupakan salah satu novel Amerika yang  merekam pengalaman perbudakan kaum kulit hitam dan perang sipil yang dibayangkan terjadi pada era antebelum Amerika  melalui sudut pandang kulit putih. Dengan memusatkan padakarakter protagonist perempuan kulit putih Selatan, pengarang berupaya untuk memberadapkan kehidupan “Old South” yang memiliki institusi ganjil perbudakan, dan mengutuk perang sipil yang telah memporak-porandakan kehidupan harmonis di Selatan. Inilah yang menjadi isu problematik yang ingin dianalisis dalam tulisan ini. Mengapa novel GWTW berupaya memuliakan kehidupan di Old South pada era sebelum perang sipil Amerika? Dengan perspektif hegemoni, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa novel GWTW merupakan salah satu sarana untuk mempertahankan narasi kolonial putih. Melalui representasi kehidupan harmonis di Selatan yang tampak pada tampilan perempuan dan laki-laki kulit putih yang rupawan, hubungan yang harmonis antara budak kulit hitam dan majikan kulit putih, gender, alam Selatan yang kaya raya, serta stratifikasi sosial menegaskan bahwa kehidupan di Old South pada masa antebelum merupakan gambaran kehidupan yang harmonis. Ini berarti bahwa protes terhadap perbudakan dan munculnya perang sipil merupakan hal yang tidak benar karena hal tersebut hanya memporak-porandakan tatanan kehidupan yang sudah mapan di Old South.berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa novel GWTW merupakan merupakan kelanjutan dari wacana kolonial kulit putih yang muncul di era pasca kolonial (pasca perbudakan) untuk melegitimasi kekuasaan mereka. 

Gone With The Wind(GWTW) (1936) is an american novel which recorded the imagined experience of Black slavery and Civil War in the United States of America (pre and post-1865) based on the eye of WhiteSoutherner.Centered upon the SouthernWhite female protagonist character, the author sought to civilize the Old South life in antebellum Americawhich owned the peculiar institution of slavery and condemned the Civil War as it was rumaging the harmonious life in the Old South. The problematic case to be exposed in study is why and how the novel seemed seeks to glorify the life in antebellum Souththat embraced racism in the odd slavery institution? By hegemony perspective, this study found that the effort to civilize the Old Southin this novel is a way to persist the colonial White narration about the slavery institution. Through the depiction of Southern Belle and gentlemen hero, the natural landscape, the harmonious relation between Black slave and White master affirmed the life in the South was harmoniuos and stable. It means that the protes towards the Black enslavement and Civil War became irrelevant. To sum up, the discourse of White colonialisme to legitimate their power as a ruler in society is continued to be constructed in post-colonial discourse, as this novel appeared in the twenty century. 

Keywords

Civilizing, GWTW, Old South, Hegemony

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