Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kepadatan Jentik Aedes Aegypti

Agnes Intan Iriani — 2023-11-30

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a health problem that has the potential to spread disease. Based on data from the Semarang City Health Office, it has been found that the number of DHF cases in the Tembalang Sub-district Elementary School Area with an age group <15 years is 22 cases in 2021, and 28 cases in July 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with larval density. Aedes aegypti in Elementary Schools Tembalang Sub-District, Semarang City. Methods: This type of research is analytic observational through a cross sectional approach. The research sample was 48 elementary schools with a total sampling technique. Research instrument using a questionnaire and observation sheet. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results: Statistical tests showed that the variable color of the container (p=0.031), level of knowledge of cleaning staff (p=0.007), type of container (p=0.683), and population density (p=0.765). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a relationship between the color of the container and the level of knowledge of the cleaning staff, and there is no relationship between the type of container and population density and the density of Aedes aegypti larvae in Elementary Schools Tembalang Sub-District, Semarang City.

Pengaruh Tepung Umbi Garut (Maranta aryndinacea) terhadap Kandungan Gizi dan Sifat Organoleptik Mi Kering

Andrea Siti Zhafira — 2023-11-30

Background: Noodles are one of the foods that are popular with the community as an alternative to staple foods. The need for flour, which is the basic ingredient for making noodles is obtained by importing in large quantities, this makes imports of wheat in Indonesia increase. This study aims to obtain the best formulation of dry noodles with the addition of arrowroot flour as an alternative to reduce dependence on wheat flour in terms of nutritional content, dietary fiber content, and organoleptic properties. Methods: This type of research was experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD). The ratio of arrowroot flour and wheat flour in the three formulations was 21,81%:50,90% (T1); 29,09%:43,64% (T2); and 36,36%:36,36% (T3). Nutrient content and dietary fiber data were analyzed by One Way Anova test with a 95% confidence level and then tested by the Duncan test. Organoleptic properties data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann Whitney test. The best dry noodle formulation was determined by the de Garmo effectiveness index. Result: The results of the energy content of T1 403,63 kcal, T2 386,08 kcal, T3 390,02 kcal, protein T1 7,40%, T2 9.37%, T3 8,39%, T1 fat 11.57%, T2 8, 98%, T3 11.32%, carbohydrates T1 67.47%, T2 66.93%, T3 63,70%, ash content T1 2,82%, T2 2,75%, T3 3,38%, water content T1 10,73%, T2 11,95%, T3 13,19%, and dietary fiber T1 7,44%, T2 8,39%, T3 8,14%. The test results of the preferred organoleptic properties on the color and texture of T2, the aroma of T3, the taste of T1. Conclusion: There are differences in water content, dietary fiber, color, taste, and texture in the three formulations of dry noodles with the addition of arrowroot flour.

Perilaku Pencegahan dan Kondisi Jamban dengan Kejadian COVID-19 pada Lansia

Astri Fitriana — 2023-11-30

Background: The elderly have a high risk of being infected with COVID-19. The highest cases in Purbalingga Regency were in the area of Kalimanah Primary Healthcare Center, namely 2,268 cases. This research is to determine the relationship between prevention behavior and latrine condition with the incidence of COVID-19 in the elderly in the area of Kalimanah Primary Healthcare Center of Purbalingga Regency. Methods: This type of research is observational analytic with a case control design. The sample set is 36 cases and 36 controls using purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is a questionnaire, observation sheets, and meter. Bivariate analysis with chi square test. Results: The results showed that there was a relationship between COVID-19 prevention knowledge (p-value = 0,005), COVID-19 prevention attitude (p-value= 0,018), and hand washing practices (p-value= 0,033) with the incidence of COVID-19 in the elderly. There is no relationship between the practice of managing waste masks (p-value= 0,579), fruit and vegetable consumption (p-value= 0,443), physical activity (p-value= 0,777), and latrine condition (p-value= 0,593) with the incidence of COVID-19 in the elderly. Conclusion: Efforts are needed to increase education about the application of health protocols to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in the elderly.

Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Pekerja Manufaktur di PT X

Budiarti Agung Saputri — 2023-11-30

Background: PT X is a manufacturing company that employs more than 5,000 workers in factory. There were 688 new cases of COVID-19 during the 2 months following the joint leave. As many as 85% of manufacturing workers choose to use cheap, comfortable, and stylish masks. This is supported by the behavior of workers who neglect to wear masks and keep their distance when in crowds. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence the behavior of preventing COVID-19 in manufacturing workers at PT X. Methods: This type of research is analytic observational using a cross sectional design. Simple random sampling technique with 406 sample of respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire through an online form and was analyzed using the Chi Square test (α = 0.05). Results: There is a relationship between COVID-19 prevention behavior with attitude (0.001), use of company health facilities (0.001), and coworker support (0.001). There isn’t relationship between COVID-19 prevention behavior with age (0.108), gender (0.726), and level of knowledge (1.000). Conclusion: There’s a significant relationship between attitude, use of company health facilities, and coworker support with COVID-19 prevention behavior. Attitude, company facilities, and supportive colleagues are factors that influence the behavior of preventing COVID-19 among workers.

Potensi Google Trends sebagai Alat untuk Memantau Keresahan Masyarakat selama Pandemi COVID-19

Erna Zuliana Muanifah — 2023-11-30

Background: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 has increased since it was first discovered in Indonesia. It is important to know that public concerns and public awareness of the COVID-19 disease are needed to assist risk communication during the pandemic. Therefore, researchers want to know the potential of Google Trends to monitor public reaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This research is a quantitative research using time series approach (1 Juni 2021-30 September 2021). The keyword related to COVID-19 disease used in this study is ‘corona’. Bivariate analysis using Spearman correlation test. Results: Based on the results of the Spearman correlation test, it shows that there is a correlation between the search trend for the term 'corona' and the number of new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Central Java with an r count of +0.649 and a p value of 0.0001. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the search trend for the term 'corona' and the number of cases of COVID-19. This shows that the search for information related to COVID-19 may be able to monitor public reaction during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Kejadian Kematian pada Pasien Infeksi COVID-19 Tahun 2021: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Blora

Izha Fajar Al Isynaini — 2023-11-30

Background: The number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Blora Regency is 13.565 the number of death reaching 1.041 cases. Five public health centers as research location were included in the 10 health centers with the highest death cases in Blora Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the incidence of death in patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: This type of research is analytic observational with a case-control design. The sample was set at 68 cases and 68 controls with purposive sampling technique. The instrument used is a recording sheet. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression test. Results: Result showed that age (OR=5,187; 95% CI=2,428-11,084), hypertension (OR=2,962; 95% CI=1,366-6,420), diabetes mellitus (OR=4,487; 95% CI=2,080-9,682), cardiovascular disease (OR=11,552; 95% CI=1,435-92,972), and chronic kidney disease (OR=8,933; 95% CI=1,080-73,525) are associated with the incidence of death in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease are associated with the incidence of death in COVID-19 patients. The probability of COVID-19 patients aged ≥ 50 years, having hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease to die is 99%.

Kualitas Pelayanan Kesehatan Esensial pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Menggunakan Metode Servqual

Jihan Mega Lestari — 2023-11-30

Background: During COVID-19 pandemic, health system required to continue providing maximum health services. This study aims to determine the quality of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Dimensions of the quality of health services studied refer to SERVQUAL (Service Quality) model of Parasuraman et al. (1988). Methods: Type of research used is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The population 2844 patients with a total sample of 96 respondents. The data collection method used a questionnaire with a purposive sampling technique using non-probability sampling method. Results: results of Chi-Square test showed that service quality variables related to patient satisfaction on each servqual dimension were tangibles (p=0.034), reliability (p=0.001), responsiveness (p=0.003), assurance (p=0.014), and empathy (p=0.000). While in the calculation of the difference in the gap dimension of tangibles (gap score -0.49), reliability (gap score -0.056), responsiveness (gap score -0.26), assurance (gap score 0.195), and empathy (gap score 0.134). Conclusion: Essential health services at Puskesmas Rembang 1 are generally said to be unsatisfactory and there is a relationship on all dimensions of servqual with the quality of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic at Puskesmas Rembang 1 on the level of patient satisfaction.

Penerapan Higiene Sanitasi Makanan pada Rumah Makan di Tempat Wisata

Kurnia Rahmawati — 2023-11-30

Background: According to Kendal Regency health profile data in 2018, the number of Food Processing Places (TPM) examined as many as 2,538 places, and 63.40% who have met the health requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the application of food sanitation hygiene in restaurants in Ngebum Beach, Kaliwungu District, Kendal Regency. Methods: This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The data collection technique was carried out by observing and interviewing 30 samples of food handlers at Ngebum Beach. Sampling was done by total sampling technique, then the data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. Furthermore, the data is presented in tabular form and concluded. Results: There is a relationship between the attitudes of food handlers (p-value = 0.003), and participation in training (p-value = 0.033) with the application of food sanitation hygiene. And there is no relationship between the level of knowledge ( p value = 0,04), number of visitors (p-value = 0.328) and years of service (p-value = 1,000) with the application of food sanitation hygiene. Conclusion: To increase supervision and guidance both by restaurant owners, health centers, and local related agencies.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Tidak Aman pada Pekerja di PT X

Lia Aprilia Budiman — 2023-11-30

Background: Unsafe action is a dangerous action that may be motivated by age, lack of knowledge and experience, fatigue, stress and others. At PT X there were 11 workers (73.3%) who took unsafe actions, including such as lack of awareness of the potential dangers of a work process, lack of knowledge and negligence of workers, use of personal protective equipment. This study aims to determine factors related to unsafe behavior in workers at PT X. Method: This type of research is observational analytic using a cross sectional design. Random sampling technique and a sample of 48 respondents. The research instrument used a questionnaire and used the Chi Square test. Results: There is a relationship between the variables age (p-value = 0.001), years of service (p-value = 0.006), work attitude (p-value = 0.007), Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) knowledge (p-value = 0.000), OSH supervision (p- value = 0.002), OSH training (p-value = 0.000), and availability of PPE (p-value = 0.022) are associated with unsafe behavior. There is no relationship between OSH regulations and unsafe behavior (p-value = 0.262) Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between age, years of service, work attitude, OSH knowledge, OSH supervision, OSH training, and availability of PPE with unsafe behavior in workers in PT X.

Trend Kejadian Hipertensi dan Pola Distribusi Kejadian Hipertensi dengan Penyakit Penyerta secara Epidemiologi di Indonesia

Mala Rizqiya — 2023-11-30

Background: Non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and co-morbidities are a major threat to global health. Knowing the distribution and trend of the disease is one way to monitor the progress of the disease to reduce mortality and morbidity. Therefore, researchers want to know the trend and distribution of hypertension with its comorbidities epidemiologically. Methods: This research is a quantitative study with a nested case control study research design, using BPJS Health sample data for the 2019-2020 service year. The variables in this study were hypertension and comorbidities. The analysis used is univariate analysis and trend in the form of graphs. Results: The trend of hypertension disease shows fluctuating results. The distribution of the disease showed results: hypertension (50%), myalgia (20%), acute upper respiratory tract infection (23.7%), functional dyspepsia (17.5%), headache (11%), common cold (13.5%). %), gastritis and duodenitis (12.4%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (6.9%), gastroenteritis and colitis (7.5%), dorsalgia (6.4%), acute pharyngitis (7.4%). Conclusion: This shows that the development of hypertension cases during 2019-2020 showed fluctuating results. Meanwhile, the distribution of hypertension and other disease has a different percentage.

Pengaruh Tepung Beras Merah (Oryza Nivara) dan Tepung Mocaf (Modified Cassava Flour) terhadap Indeks Glikemik dan Kandungan Gizi Cookies

Padilla Nur Utami — 2023-11-30

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease whose prevalence is increasing every year. Riskesdas data recorded a relatively high increase in prevalence of 1.6% from 6.9% in 2013 to 8.5% in 2018. Lifestyle including fondness for consuming snacks is one of the causes of the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to make cookies with a low glycemic index formulation of brown rice flour and mocaf flour. Methods: Experimental study with the Quasi-experimental Design. The independent variable is the formulation of cookies and dependent variables include glycemic index and nutrient content. This study uses 3 formulations of cookies 65% : 35%, 75% : 25% and 85%: 15%. Analysis of glycemic index values using IAUC (incremental area under the curve). Nutrient content analysis using One-Way Anova and tukeys. Result: The whole formulation of cookies has a low glycemic index of 25,77-31,24. In 100 g of cookies F1 F2 and F3 contains 26,13–26,58 g fat. Protein as much as 5.14–6.06 g, carbohydrates 62.35 – 64.76 g and fiber 2.24-4.56 g. Conclusion: There is no difference in glycemic index and protein values. But there are differences in the content of fats, carbohydrates and fiber.

Determinan Kepatuhan Santri terhadap Protokol Kesehatan Covid-19

Safira Aufi Fauziyah — 2023-11-30

Background: Implementation of health protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic is required by the government. Islamic boarding schools can become clusters for the spread of COVID-19 so that the RI Minister of Health issued Decree No.HK.01.07/MENKES/2322/2020. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence student compliance in implementing the COVID-19 health protocol. Methods Analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique is Probability Sampling with Simple Random Sampling. The sample is 92 respondents. The research instrument was in the form of questionnaires and observation sheets. Independent variables: gender, comorbidities, knowledge, use of masks, CTPS, physical distancing, cough-sneeze ethics, monitoring by the authorities, bedroom size, and CTPS facilities, and dependent variable: compliance to health protocols. Data analysis with Chi Square test and Logistic Regression. Results: Results of the Chi-Square Test analysis: use of masks (p=0.001), CTPS (p=0.001), physical distancing (p=0.001), cough-sneeze ethics (p=0.001), and monitoring by the authorities (p=0.001). The most dominant factor affecting the COVID-19 health protocol for students is monitoring by the authorities (RP = 0.272). Conclusion: There is a need for monitoring by the authorities and empowering the Islamic boarding school community regarding the implementation of health protocols.

Studi Komparasi Jumlah Kasus Stunting Berdasarkan Status Penerapan STBM

Siti Fatimah — 2023-11-30

Background: Poor sanitation conditions have a negative impact on many aspects of life, such as decreasing of environmental quality, polluted drinking water sources and the emergence of diseases such as stunting nutrition problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative difference in the number of stunting cases based on the status of the implementation of Community-Led Total Sanitation in Tegal Regency. Methods: This type of research uses a quantitative approach with a comparative method. The research subjects were 212 villages in Tegal Regency. Research variables include the status of CLTS implementation, access to sanitation and access to clean water. The instruments used are secondary data recapitulation forms and computers. The sampling technique used simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test with = 0.05. Results: The average number of stunting cases is 67.85 cases based on STBM application status, 93.50 cases based on access to sanitation, and 83.43 cases based on access to clean water. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the status of CLTS implementation (p=0.000), access to sanitation (p=0.000), access to clean water (p=0.000) and the number of stunting cases.

Status Gizi, Konsumsi Fast food, dan Tingkat Stres dengan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Remaja

Sri Wahyu Nurkhofifah — 2023-11-30

Background: Teenagers can experience hypertension because of several risk factors. Prevalence of hypertension at the age of 15-17 years nationally is 6.0% males and 4.7% females. This study aims to determine the relationship between nutritional status, fast food consumption, and stress levels with the incidence of hypertension in adolescents. Methods: This study used an analytic observation method with a cross sectional approach. The research subjects were adolescents from SMA Negeri 3 Semarang. The independent variables are nutritional status, fast food consumption, stress levels, the dependent variable is hypertension. The instruments used are DASS 42 and SQ-FFQ. Sampling using Purposive Sampling. Data analysis performed was univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with the Chi Square test. Results: statistical test results showed there was a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of hypertension in adolescents (p=0.047). There was no relationship between fast food consumption (p=0.973), stress level (p=0.363) and the incidence of hypertension in adolescents. Conclusion: In this study there was a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of hypertension in adolescents, but there was no relationship between fast food consumption and stress levels with the incidence of hypertension in adolescents at SMA Negeri 3 Semarang.

Perilaku 5M Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Masyarakat Usia 19-45 Tahun

Yusfina Rachma Dayu Safitri — 2023-11-30

Background: Until November 28, 2021 in Wadaslintang Village there were 186 COVID-19 cases and 71 cases (38.17%) were age 19-45 years. This age has the potential to be infected and become a silent carrier, so it is necessary to implement 5M, but 5M has not been fully implemented by the community. This study aims to determine the factors related to the 5M behavior of preventing COVID-19 in community age 19-45 years. Methods: This type of research is observational analytics with a cross sectional design. The sample size is 328 which was taken using the Proportional Random Sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi square test (α=0.05). Results: The research showed that gender (p-value<0.001), education level (p-value<0.001), employment status (p-value=0.200), level of knowledge (p-value<0.001), perceived vulnerability (p-value<0.001), perceived seriousness (p-value<0.001), perceived benefits (p-value=0.003), perceived barriers (p-value<0.001), access to information (p-value=0.000), family support (p-value<0.001), and community support (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: There is relation between gender, level of education, level of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, access to information, family support, and community support with 5M behavior to prevent COVID-19 in community age 19-45 years in Wadaslintang Village.