Life Science

Daftar Isi Life Science 13 (1) 2024

Life Science — Fri, 31 May 2024 15:07:22 +0700

Edisi 13 (1) 2024 memuat 9 artikel hasil penelitian yang mencakup bidang ekologi, mikrobiologi, botani, dan zoologi. Penulis tersebar dari berbagai perguruan tinggi di Indonesia, seperti Universitas Negeri Semarang, Universitas Tanjungpura, dan Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kudus.

Analisis Struktur dan Profil Vegetasi Mangrove di Kecamatan Sayung Kabupaten Demak

JUANDRA ALIFIANSYAH, Andin Irsadi, Nugroho Edi Kartijono, Sri Ngabekti — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:38:14 +0700

Sayung District is one of the district in Demak Regency which has mangrove vegetation. The alteration of Demak Regency's coastal areas caused by the sea rob phenomenon has a significant impact on the mangrove vegetation. The Semarang-Demak toll road construction along Sayung coast potentially causes mangrove damage. The purpose of this study is to determine the structure and profile, and analyze the condition of mangrove vegetation in Sayung, based on the structure and profile of Sayung mangrove vegetation. The study was conducted on the mangroves of Bedono, Mondoliko, and Morosari Village. This research used an exploratory method with descriptive analysis, by collecting data on vegetation parameters and vegetation profiles. The results showed that the types of mangroves found at all observation stations consisted of Avicennia, Bruguiera, and Rhizophora. The profile graph shows an association between Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, and Rhizophora mucronata. Important Value Index (IVI) for all stations shows that Avicennia officinalis have highest value on 65,30 and 50,18 respectively. Diversity index shows that both stations have value on 0,873 and 0,893 which belongs to low diversity. Similarity index on each sub-stations shows the significant difference between Bedono-A, Bedono-C, Mondoliko, and Morosari stations at 0,4 index, Based on Abiotic parameters such as pH, salinity, and water temperature found on the optimal quality standard level. The conclusion is mangrove vegetation structure dominated by Avicennia and Rhizophora groups, with a low level of diversity at all observation stations.

Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Famili Kenikir-Kenikiran (Asteraceae) di Kawasan Desa Kawak Pakis Aji Jepara

Thu, 30 May 2024 22:40:51 +0700

Indonesia is one of the countries that has the highest level of biodiversity in the world. However, there are still many plants in Indonesia whose species have not been identified. This causes the need to identify and classify plants. This research aims to identify the diversity and dominance of plant species from the Asteraceae family in Kawak Village, Batealit District, Jepara Regency. This study was carried out on May 28, 2023 and June 1, 2023. The method used was the exploration method by determining sampling locations at 21 points from 3 hamlets in Kawak village. The tools and materials needed for this research include an accurate altimeter version 2.3.2, ziplock plastick, newsprint, cellphone camera, meter and internet access. There are 6 plant species from the Asteraceae family, including Wedelia trilobata, Crassocephalum crepidioides, Elephantopus scaber, Chromolaena odorata, Synedrella nodiflora, and Ageratum conyzoides. The plants obtained were collected using the herbarium method. The dominant plant species from the Asteraceae family in Kawak village is tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber).

Identifikasi Bakteri Asam Laktat Berdasarkan Kemiripan Fenotipik dari Kulit Nanas Varietas Queen di Kalimantan Barat yang Difermentasi secara Alami

Medaando Medaando, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Masnur Turnip — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:44:25 +0700

Queen pineapple, a variety of pineapple, is a fruit containing sugars that can be utilized as a source of nutrition by lactic acid bacteria. This study aims to identify the types of lactic acid bacteria from naturally fermented queen pineapple peels, identified based on phenotypic characteristics. Bacteria isolation was performed using the pour plate method with serial dilution up to 10^-6 using MRSA medium (de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe Agar). Characterization of lactic acid bacteria includes morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. Bacterial identification refers to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The isolation and identification results of lactic acid bacteria obtained 6 isolates, namely, BAL1, BAL2, BAL3, BAL4, BAL5, and BAL6. Simple matching coefficient UPGMA analysis showed that BAL1, BAL2, and BAL4 had a phenotypic similarity of 83.8% to Lactobacillus fermentum; BAL3 and BAL5 had a phenotypic similarity of 90.9% to L. plantarum; and BAL6 had a phenotypic similarity of 87.9% to L. brevis. Jaccard coefficient UPGMA analysis indicated that BAL1, BAL2, and BAL4 grouped with L. fermentum with a phenotypic similarity value of 68.1%; BAL3 and BAL5 had a phenotypic similarity of 83% to L. plantarum, and BAL6 had a phenotypic similarity of 73.3% to L. brevis. This suggests that isolates BAL1, BAL2, and BAL4 are suspected members of L. fermentum species, BAL3 and BAL5 are suspected members of L. plantarum species, and BAL6 is suspected as a member of L. brevis species.

Kadar Leptin Balita Stunting yang Diberi Makanan Tambahan Berbasis Daun Kelor dan Ikan Laut

Nirmala Al Fatiah, Ari Yuniastuti, Nugrahaningsih WH, Lisdiana Lisdiana — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:47:55 +0700

Leptin plays a role in regulating the growth of bones and other body tissues. Leptin can affect the epiphyseal growth zones in long bones, contributing to height growth. The aim of this research is to analyze leptin levels and body height in toddlers before and after giving additional food based on Moringa leaves and sea fish. The supplementary feeding intervention was carried out for 10 weeks on 30 toddlers with stunted and very stunted nutritional status at the Sedan Community Health Center, Rembang Regency. Leptin levels in the blood were analyzed using ELISA, height measurements were carried out using a stadiometer, determination of nutritional status was guided by the PERMENKES regarding 2020 child anthropometry standards, and data analysis used the SPSS program. The results of the study showed that the average leptin level decreased and the average body height increased after the intervention of providing additional food based on Moringa leaves and sea fish. Thus, it can be concluded that decreasing leptin levels can cause a decrease in fat and adipogenesis which results in increased bone formation in the form of increased height in stunted toddlers at the Sedan Community Health Center, Rembang Regency.

Karakter Anatomi dan Kandungan Pigmen Daun Mangga Wirasangka (Mangifera indica var. Wirasangka)

Reny Rahayu, Enni Suwarsi Rahayu, Ely Rudyatmi, Talitha Widiatningrum — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:50:20 +0700

Wirasangka mango is the identity flora of Tegal Regency. The morphological characters of the wirasangka mango have been studied, but need to be supplemented with anatomical characters. The anatomical character of the plant that needs to be studied is the anatomy of the leaves. Leaves have varying tissue structures and pigment content. This study aims to describe the anatomical characters and analyze the pigment content of wirasangka mango leaves. The characteristics and pigment content of wirasangka mango leaves have never been reported. Anatomical characters of mango wirasangka leaves were determined by cross-sectional leaf preparations using non-embedding method and whole mount leaf preparations. The pigment content of mango wirasangka leaves was analyzed using a spectrophotometer. The results of the study of the anatomical characters showed that the leaves of wirasangka mango have dorsiventral and hypostomatous leaf, have a palisade ratio of 4-5 cells, stomata are anomocytic type, guard cell length is 11.45 µm and guard cell width is 4.78 µm, and has a stomatal density of 173.25 /mm². The chlorophyll content of shoots, young and mature leaves of wirasangka mango were 9.1 mg/l, 12.28 mg/l and 47.89 mg/l. The carotenoid content of shoots, young leaves and mature leaves were 293.51 µmol/g, 371.76 µmol/g, and 1445.88 µmol/g respectively, and the anthocyanin content of shoots, young leaves and mature leaves were respectively also 1.36 mg/100g, 0.75 mg/100g, and 0.38 mg/100g. The results of the research can be used to complete the characters that need to be observed in the characterization of wirasangka mango.

Potensi Antagonis Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat Asal Tanah Gambut terhadap Bakteri Xanthomonas sp. Penyebab Kanker Daun Tanaman Jeruk Siam Pontianak

Shella Mida Juniarti, Siti Khotimah, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Mukarlina Mukarlina — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:54:18 +0700

The productivity of Siam citrus in West Kalimantan from year to year has begun to decline, one of the causes is a disease that attacks the plant. One of the diseases that often attack citrus plants is leaf cancer disease caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas sp. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria are one of the rhizosphere bacteria from peat soils that can act as biological control agents in plants. Therefore, this study aimed to determine phosphate solubilizing bacteria from peat soil as a control for leaf cancer of the Siam Pontianak citrus plant caused by Xanthomonas sp. This research was conducted from June 2022 to September 2022, at the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with each of the 5 treatment levels repeated 3 times to obtain 15 experimental units. Antagonist test in vitro using the dual culture method. The results showed that all phosphate solubilizing bacteria from peat soil Bacillus sp. (SGB1), Bacillus sp. (SGB 2), and Bacillus sp. (SGB 3) have antagonistic potential against Xanthomonas sp. (BP2).

Analisis Korelasi Berbagai Faktor Budidaya terhadap Produktivitas Nira Siwalan (Borassus flabellifer L.) di Kecamatan Semanding Kabupaten Tuban

Afia Firna Wahida, Talitha Widiatningrum, Nugroho Edi Kartijono, Andin Irsadi — Thu, 30 May 2024 22:56:24 +0700

Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer L.) is the identity plant of Tuban Regency. The main palmyra product in Tuban Regency is the sap. In the last 5 years (2015-2020) the productivity of sap has not increased. This study aimed to determine the correlation between cultivation factors and palmyra production in the Semanding Subdistrict, Tuban Regency, Indonesia. The research was correlative research with quantitative descriptive explanatory. The independent variables were several tree ownership, nurseries, fertilization, tapping methods, and control of plant pests. The dependent variable was the productivity of the palmyra sap. The research data sources were the people in the villages of Kowang, Gedongombo, Tegalagung, and Prunggahan, with a total sample taken of 103 people. Data collection was carried out using observation and semi-structured interviews. The results were then analyzed using the multiple linear regression application SPSS 25. The results showed that all the factors in the model, through the F test, had a significant effect simultaneously. Partially using the t-test, the factors that influence the productivity of the palmyra sap are pest control, the number of trees, and tapping methods. Therefore, the result confirmed the correlation between cultivation factors and palmyra production in the Semanding Subdistrict, Tuban Regency, Indonesia.

Pertumbuhan Maggot Hermetia illucens L. pada Media Kombinasi Bungkil Kelapa Sawit yang Difermentasi dan Dedak Padi

Ari Hepi Yanti, Afifah Rahmanisya, Firman Saputra — Thu, 30 May 2024 23:01:34 +0700

Maggot Hermetia illucens is the larval phase of the black soldier fly. This study aims to analyze the development of maggots in the form of length, body weight and population density in a combination of fermented oil palm meal and rice bran. The study used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 5 repeats for 21 days, namely 100% oil palm meal, 75% oil palm meal and 25% rice bran, 50% oil palm meal and 50% rice bran, 25% oil palm meal and 75% rice bran, and 100% rice bran. Random sampling is used for data collection. The length of the maggot's body is measured using a digital caliper. The total weight of the maggots on each treatment on the 21st day was weighed for weight measurement. Density is measured by counting the number of individuals per volume of media. Data were analyzed with single-track ANOVA and Tukey test. The results showed significant growth of Hermetia illucens maggots (p = 0.000) using a combination of fermented oil palm meal media and rice bran. The combination of 75% oil palm meal and 25% rice bran has a significant effect with the highest length for 21 days at 27.56 mm, a total weight of 34.86 grams. Its population density is insignificant.

Analisis Kecepatan Pertumbuhan Pohon Potensial untuk Restorasi Lahan Kritis Gunung Ungaran

Fri, 31 May 2024 14:45:26 +0700

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Gunung Ungaran untuk mendukung program konservasi dan kelestarian daerah tersebut yang mengalami peningkatan lahan kritis akibat alih fungsi lahan oleh petani kopi. Penelitian dilakukan dari Mei hingga Oktober 2023 dengan metode survei vegetasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pohon potensial untuk ditanam di lahan kritis berdasarkan kecepatan pertumbuhanya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis-jenis pohon yang paling potensial untuk ditanam di lahan kritis berdasarkan kecepatan pertumbuhan tinggi adalah Engelhardia serrata, Homalanthus populneus, dan Bischofia javanica. Berdasarkan kecepatan pertumbuhan diameter batang, bibit yang potensial adalah Peleman, Castanopsis argentea, dan Wuru Kopi. Selain itu, berdasarkan analisis vegetasi, jenis-jenis pohon paling potensial untuk restorasi lahan berdasarkan nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) adalah Litsea sp. dan Ndog-ndogan pada strata 1, Parastemon urophyllus pada strata 2, dan Castanopsis argantea pada stratifikasi 3. Jenis-jenis pohon ini direkomendasikan untuk ditanam di lahan kritis Gunung Ungaran karena memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan dan kesuksesan yang tinggi. Upaya ini penting untuk memitigasi ancaman terhadap keanekaragaman hayati dan sumber air di Gunung Ungaran serta untuk mendukung masyarakat yang bergantung pada gunung ini.