Effects of Visual Training on the Reaction Time among Badminton Athletes
Keywords:
Badminton, Reaction, Visual Training, Badminton Athletes, Finger Reaction Test, Whole-Body Reaction Time
Abstract
This study aims to identify the effects of visual training on the reaction time among badminton athletes using two reaction time tests, namely, the Whole-Body Reaction Time (WBRT) and the Finger Reaction Time (FRT). This quasi-experimental study involves 30 badminton athletes (Male = 30, Female = 30). The study involved two groups [treatment group = 30, control group = 30]. The descriptive analysis undertaken shows that the level of reaction time of treatment group for the pre-WBRT test is (M = 0.32, SD = 0.047) and pre-FRT test is (M = 0.48, SD = 0.068). For group control, the pre-WBRT test is (M = 0.33, SD = 0.030) and the pre-FRT test is (M = 0.49, SD = 0.065). On the other hand, the reaction time of treatment group for the post-WBRT test is (M = 0.28, SD = 0.037) and post-FRT test is (M = 0.41, SD = 0.054). Meanwhile, for control group, the post-WBRT test is (M = 0.32, SD = 0.037) and post-FRT test is (M = 0.45, SD = 0.061). Furthermore, for treatment group, there is a significant difference between the pre- and post-WBRT test [t (29) = 8.813, p = .000] and the FRT test [t (29) = 10.329, p = .000]. As for control group, there is also a significant difference between the pre- and post-WBRT test [t (29) = 3.786, p = .001] and the FRT test [t (29) = 4.935, p = .000]. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference between both the two pre-WBRT test group [t (58) = 1.667, p = .101] and the FRT test group [t (58) = 0.546, p = .587]. However, there is a significant difference for both the post-WBRT test group [t (58) = 4.676, p = .000] and the FRT test group [t (58) = 3.056, p = .003]. Overall, this study can help coaches in designing effective training programs which can help to enhance the reaction time level of badminton athletes.
References
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[2] Hassan El-Gizawy H. Effect of visual training on accuracy of attack shots performance in badminton. Journal of Applied Sports Science. 1;5(4):36-45, 2015. https://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jass.2015.84524
[3] Maman P, Gaurang S, Sandhu JS. THE EFFECT OF VISION TRAINING ON PERFORMANCE IN TENNIS PLAYERS. Serbian Journal of Sports Sciences. 1;5(1),2011
[4] Formenti D, Duca M, Trecroci A, Ansaldi L, Bonfanti L, Alberti G, Iodice P. Perceptual vision training in non-sport-specific context: effect on performance skills and cognition in young females. Scientific reports. 10;9(1):1-3, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55252-1
[5] Phomsoupha M, Laffaye G. The science of badminton: game characteristics, anthropometry, physiology, visual fitness and biomechanics. Sports medicine. 45(4):473-95, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-014-0287-2
[6] Walklate BM, O'Brien BJ, Paton CD, Young W. Supplementing regular training with short-duration sprint-agility training leads to a substantial increase in repeated sprint-agility performance with national level badminton players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 1;23(5):1477-81, 2009. https://doi.org/ 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b339d9
[7] Pérez-Turpin JA, Elvira-Aranda C, Cabello-Manrique D, Gomis-Gomis MJ, Suárez-Llorca C, Andreu-Cabrera E. Notational comparison analysis of outdoor badminton men’s single and double matches. Journal of Human Kinetics. 31;71(1):267-73, 2020 https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0121
[8] Fletcher GF, Landolfo C, Niebauer J, Ozemek C, Arena R, Lavie CJ. Promoting physical activity and exercise: JACC health promotion series. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2;72(14):1622-39, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2141
[9] Willegems V, Consuegra E, Struyven K, Engels N. Pre-service teachers as members of a collaborative teacher research team: A steady track to extended professionalism?. Teaching and Teacher Education. 1;76:126-39, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2018.08.012
[10] Yüksel MF, Tunç GT. Examining the reaction times of international level badminton players under 15. Sports. 5;6(1):20, 2018. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports6010020
[11] Dane E, Pratt MG. Conceptualizing and measuring intuition: A review of recent trends. International review of industrial and organizational psychology.17:1-40, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470745267
[12] Bańkosz Z, Winiarski S, Malagoli Lanzoni I. Gender differences in kinematic parameters of topspin forehand and backhand in table tennis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.;17(16):5742, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165742
[13] Seth P, Scholl L, Rudd RA, Bacon S. Overdose deaths involving opioids, cocaine, and psychostimulants—United States, 2015–2016. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 30;67(12):349, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15585%2Fmmwr.mm6712a1
[14] Woods DL, Wyma JM, Yund EW, Herron TJ, Reed B. Factors influencing the latency of simple reaction time. Frontiers in human neuroscience. 26;9:131, 2015. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00131
[15] Bhattacharya B, Maung A, Schuster K, Davis KA. The older they are the harder they fall: injury patterns and outcomes by age after ground level falls. Injury. 1;47(9):1955-9, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2016.06.019
[16] Godefroy O, Roussel M, Despretz P, Quaglino V, Boucart M. Age-related slowing: perceptuomotor, decision, or attention decline?. Experimental aging research. 12;36(2):169-89, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610731003613615
[17] Sheppard JM, Young WB. Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing. Journal of sports sciences. 1;24(9):919-32, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410500457109
[18] Ghuntla TP, Mehta HB, Gokhale PA, Shah CJ. Influence of practice on visual reaction time. Journal of Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences. 1;19(2):119, 2014.https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-9903.138431
[19] Dubé E, Vivion M, MacDonald NE. Vaccine hesitancy, vaccine refusal and the anti-vaccine movement: influence, impact and implications. Expert review of vaccines. 2;14(1):99-117, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1586/14760584.2015.964212
[20] Solanki J, Joshi N, Shah C, Mehta HB, Gokhle PA. A study of correlation between auditory and visual reaction time in healthy adults. International Journal of Medicine and Public Health. 2(2), 2012. https://dx.doi.org/10.5530/ijmedph.2.2.8
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[23] Zwierko T, Puchalska-Niedbał L, Krzepota J, Markiewicz M, Woźniak J, Lubiński W. The effects of sports vision training on binocular vision function in female university athletes. Journal of human kinetics. 12;49:287, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1515%2Fhukin-2015-0131
[24] Appelbaum LG, Erickson G. Sports vision training: A review of the state-of-the-art in digital training techniques. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 1;11(1):160-89, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750984X.2016.1266376
[25] Crespi S, Robino C, Silva O, De'Sperati C. Spotting expertise in the eyes: Billiards knowledge as revealed by gaze shifts in a dynamic visual prediction task. Journal of vision. 1;12(11):30, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1167/12.11.30
[26] Bamne SN, Fadia AD, Jadhav AV. Effect of colour and gender on human reaction time. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology. 1;55(4):388-9, 2011. PMID: 23362735
[27] Rahman MH, Chanda S, Reza MN. Comparison of simple choice visual reaction time between athlete and sedentary university women students. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science. 5, 2020. https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.3786160.svg
[28] Vishteh RA, Mirzajani A, Jafarzadehpour E, Darvishpour S. Evaluation of simple visual reaction time of different colored light stimuli in visually normal students. Clinical Optometry. 11:167, 2019. https://doi.org/10.2147%2FOPTO.S236328
[29] Jyothi S, Vernekar SS, Manishankar S, Jayalakshmi L, Vinothkumar S, Rashmi R. Correlation of audio-visual reaction time with body mass index & skin fold thickness between runners and healthy controls. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1;60(3):239-46, 2016. PMID: 29957914
[30] Dieu O, Schnitzler C, Llena C, Potdevin F. Complementing subjective with objective data in analysing expertise: A machine-learning approach applied to badminton. Journal of Sports Sciences. 1;38(17):1943-52, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1764812
[31] Del Coso J, Salinero JJ, González-Millán C, Abián-Vicén J, Pérez-González B. Dose response effects of a caffeine-containing energy drink on muscle performance: a repeated measures design. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 8;9(1):21, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-9-21
[32] Tomporowski PD. Effects of acute bouts of exercise on cognition. Acta psychologica. 1;112(3):297-324, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(02)00134-8
