Ensuring Legal Certainty for Customary Law Communities in Indonesia: Analyzing the Ratification Process of the Customary Law Communities Bill
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Jan 31, 2024
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Abstract
This study examines the pursuit of legal certainty for customary law communities in Indonesia through analyzing the ratification process of the Customary Law Communities Bill. Customary law communities, integral to Indonesia's cultural fabric, have long grappled with ambiguous legal recognition, leading to vulnerability and uncertainty. By scrutinizing the journey of the Customary Law Communities Bill towards enactment, this research aims to elucidate the prospects of establishing a robust legal framework safeguarding the rights and interests of these communities. Drawing from legislative documents, legal debates, and stakeholder insights, the study assesses the bill's opportunities and challenges. Additionally, the research delves into the implications of legal certainty for customary law communities, exploring its potential impact on autonomy, cultural heritage, and socio-economic development. Through case studies and empirical evidence, the study illuminates the practical ramifications of the bill's provisions across Indonesia. This study contributes to discussions on legal pluralism, indigenous rights, and community empowerment in Indonesia. By advocating for the recognition and protection of customary law communities within the legal framework, it seeks to foster inclusive governance and cultural diversity. Ultimately, it underscores the significance of ensuring legal certainty as a cornerstone of justice and equality for all communities, irrespective of their cultural or legal traditions.
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Zainurohmah, Z., Mahmudi, S. N., & Alfarisi, J. (2024). Ensuring Legal Certainty for Customary Law Communities in Indonesia: Analyzing the Ratification Process of the Customary Law Communities Bill. Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society, 3(1), 177-202. https://doi.org/10.15294/ciils.v3i1.78878
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References
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Fitriani, Dhea Meila. "Normative Review of Indigenous Community Rights In Mining Areas." Estudiante Law Journal 3, no. 2 (2021): 295-309.
Gampung, Oktavianus A. "Konflik Tanah di Kabupaten Manggarai nusa Tenggara Timur." Jurnal Politik Muda 3, no. 1 (2014): 49-57.
Gore, Daniel Edwin Indrajaya, and Ellyne Dwi Poespasari. "Legal Protection for Indigenous People's Rights in Indonesian Law." PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 17, no. 4 (2020): 2516-2526.
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Herlambang, Herlambang, Helda Rahmasari, and Randy Pradityo. “A Renewal Attempt at a Bill in Indonesia’s Criminal Law: A Study of the Development in the Norm of Rejang Customary Law”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 5, no. 7 (2022): 1661-1665.
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Jayus, Jaja Ahmad. "Urgency of legal indigenous communities' position in Indonesian constitutional system." Jurnal Media Hukum 27, no. 1 (2020): 79-98.
Joireman, Sandra F. "Aiming for certainty: the Kanun, blood feuds and the ascertainment of customary law." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 46, no. 2 (2014): 235-248.
Julranda, Rizky, Michael Geremia Siagian, and Michael Ariel Perdana Zalukhu. "Penerapan Hukum Progresif Sebagai Paradigma Pembangunan Hukum Nasional dalam Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Hukum Adat." Crepido 4, no. 2 (2022): 171-183.
Kalalo, Julianto Jover Jotam, et al. "Political Dichotomy of Indonesian Legislation Regulations with Local Law Customary Politics in the Border Area." 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018.
Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi, et al. "The Exploitation of Indigenous Communities by Commercial Actors." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, no. 4 (2021): 91-108.
Khaidar, Naufal, and Maulana Adi Nugraha. "Protection of Indigenous Peoples (Local Beliefs) in the Context of Human Rights in Indonesia." Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society 1, no. 2 (2022): 101-130.
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Melo, Isye, and Feibe Engeline Pijoh. "The Impact of Legal Land Acquisition for Public Interest." 3rd International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020.
Nadiyya, Ahsana, Ayu Putri Rainah Petung Banjaransari, and Heni Rosida. "Menakar Undang-Undang Mineral dan Batubara terhadap Kerentanan Perlindungan Hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat." Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis 2, no. 3 (2021): 195-212.
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Nurcahyo, Edy, et al. "Legality and Legal Certainty of Ulayat Land for Indigenous Law Communities (Analysis of Decision Number 1430 K/Pdt/2022)." Jurnal Hukum Volkgeist 7, no. 1 (2022): 61-67.
Nurlinda, Ida. "Penerapan prinsip-prinsip pembaruan agraria menurut Ketetapan MPR No. IX/MPR/2001 tentang Pembaruan Agraria dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dalam Kebijakan Pertanahan Nasional." Thesis. (Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2008).
Palenewen, James Yoseph, and Marthinus Solossa. "Settlement of Land Disputes Through Traditional Law in the Sentani Traditional Community of Jayapura Regency." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 9, no. 11 (2023): 458-463.
Pradhani, Sartika Intaning. "Traditional rights of indigenous people in Indonesia: legal recognition and court interpretation." Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2018): 177-205.
Reba, William Hendrik. "The Existance of Indigenous Legal Community Rights and the Position In Indonesia Legal System." Papua Law Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 156-178.
Republic of Indonesia. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development for Public Interest.
Republic of Indonesia. TAP MPR No. IX/MPR/2001 tentang Pembaruan Agraria dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam.
Roth, Dik, and Sandrayati Moniaga. "Interview with Sandrayati Moniaga: Legal pluralism and the struggle for recognition of customary rights in Indonesia." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 53, no. 3 (2021): 485-497.
Rudy, Rudy, R. P. Ryzal Perdana, and Wijaya Rudi. "The Recognition of Customary Rights by Indonesian Constitutional Court." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 3 (2021): 308-318.
Rumiartha, I. Nyoman Prabu Buana, Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, and Anak Agung Sagung Ngurah Indradewi. "Human Rights of Indigenous People in Indonesia: A Constitutional Approach." Journal of East Asia and International Law 15, no. 2 (2022): 395-402.
Ryniak-Olszanka, Iwona. "The Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia in the Context of ‘Responsibility to Protect’." Studia Iuridica 96 (2023): 301-317.
Sari, Yesi Nurmantiyas, Rizal Nugroho, and Al Khanif. "Land Acquisition for Public Interests: A Review from the Human Rights Context." Indonesian Journal of Law and Society 1, no. 1 (2020): 21-32.
Saswoyo, Ade Bagus, and Margo Hadi Pura. "Urgensi Pengundangan Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Hukum Adat sebagai Bentuk Kesetaraan Warga Negara." Jurnal Suara Hukum 5, no. 1 (2023): 19-43.
Simon Butt and Tim Lindest, “Traditional and Customary Law: Adat”, in Indonesian Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018).
Suambara, I. Wayan, and I. Nyoman Putu Budiartha. "Grant Money with a Legal Certainty by Regional Government to Traditional Villages in Bali." Sociological Jurisprudence Journal 6, no. 2 (2023): 97-104.
Sulistyaningsih, Retno. "Reforma Agraria di Indonesia." Perspektif 26, no. 1 (2021): 57-64.
Susylawati, Eka. "Eksistensi Hukum Adat dalam Sistem Hukum di Indonesia." Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 4, no. 1 (2009): 124-140.
Swardhana, Gde Made, and Suviwat Jenvitchuwong. "The participation within indigenous land management: developments and challenges of indigenous communities protection." Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 3, no. 2 (2023): 308-327.
Syahputra, F., et al. "Community surveillance: how to incorporate customary community in monitoring marine area (study case Panglima Laot in Aceh)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 216. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2018.
Syarfina, Rachmi. "Pengaruh Hukum Adat dalam Proses Peralihan Hak Tanah Ulayat Pada Pembangunan Perluasan Bandara di Jayapura." Jurnal Hukum Kenotariatan Otentik's 1, no. 1 (2019): 47-53.
Thontowi, Jawahir. "Perlindungan dan pengakuan masyarakat adat dan tantangannya dalam hukum Indonesia." Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 20, no. 1 (2013): 21-36.
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Wahanisa, Rofi, et al. "Problems of disputes/conflicts over land acquisition towards development for public interest in Indonesia." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (2021): 320-325.
Waluyo, Bambang Dwi. "Permasalahan Tanah Adat: Kesalahan dalam Komunikasi Pemerintahan atau Kegegalan Pesan Regulasi dan Kebijakan di Indonesia." AL ADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora 1, no. 1 (2023): 240-249.
Winarsih, Winarsih. "Recognition of Customary Disputes Settlement in Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages: A Responsive Law Review in Indonesian Legal Reform." Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 2, no. 2 (2017): 101-112.
Wiyono, Bambang. "Kedudukan Hutan Adat Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-IX/2012 dan Hubungannya dengan Pengelolaan Hutan di Indonesia." Aktualita (Jurnal Hukum) 1, no. 1 (2018): 60-76.
Wright, Glen. "Indigenous People and Customary Land Ownership Under Domestic Redd Frameworks: A Case Study of Indonesia." Law, Environment and Development Journal 7, no. 2 (2012): 117-131.
Zain, Mochamad Adib, and Ahmad Siddiq. "Pengakuan Atas Kedudukan dan Keberadaan Masyarakat Hukum Adat (MHA) Pasca dibentuknya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum 2, no. 2 (2015): 63-76.
Adhisukmawati, I. Gusti Ayu Kade Harry, I. Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani, and Lego Karjoko. "Validity of Assessment Policy on Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest." International Journal of Educational Research and Social Sciences (IJERSC) 4, no. 2 (2023): 270-275.
Buana, Mirza Satria. "Development as a threat to indigenous peoples’ rights in Indonesia." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 27, no. 3 (2020): 442-471.
Burhanuddin, Sisca Ferawati. "Indigenous Law on Land: How Does the Government Build Constitutional Protection Against Indigenous People." Jurnal Mantik 3, no. 4 (2020): 799-804.
Dahlan, Muhammad. "Rekognisi hak masyarakat hukum adat dalam Konstitusi." Undang: Jurnal Hukum 1, no. 2 (2018): 187-217.
Dalimartha, Felix, and Rieneke Sara. "Human rights for indigenous peoples." ICLSSEE 2021: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, ICLSSEE 2021, March 6th 2021, Jakarta, Indonesia. European Alliance for Innovation, 2021.
Dasor, Yohanes Wendelinus. "Revitalisasi Peran Lembaga Adat dalam Penanganan Konflik Sosial: Studi di Manggarai Nusa Tenggara Timur." Sosio Konsepsia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesejahteraan Sosial 9, no. 3 (2020): 213-228.
Duile, Timo. "Indigenous peoples, the state, and the economy in Indonesia: National debates and local processes of recognition." ASEAS-Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies 13, no. 1 (2020): 155-160.
Esfandiari, Fitria. "Persepsi Mahkamah Konstitusi Tentang Hutan Adat Pasca Putusan No. 35/PUU-X/2012." Legality: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 26, no. 2 (2018): 267-280.
Fahmi, Chairul, et al. "Defining Indigenous in Indonesia and Its Applicability to the International Legal Framework on Indigenous People’s Rights." Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 8, no. 2 (2023): 1019-1064.
Fatimah, Fatimah, and Febryansyah Nataly. "Strategi Komunikasi Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara (AMAN) dalam Memperjuangkan RUU Masyarakat Hukum Adat." Jurnal Ilmiah Komunikasi (JIKOM) STIKOM IMA 14, no. 3 (2022): 116-124.
Fitria, Ikhda. "Recognizing adat law: Problems and challenges in modern law system in Indonesia." The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 2, no. 4 (2020): 503-516.
Fitriani, Dhea Meila. "Normative Review of Indigenous Community Rights In Mining Areas." Estudiante Law Journal 3, no. 2 (2021): 295-309.
Gampung, Oktavianus A. "Konflik Tanah di Kabupaten Manggarai nusa Tenggara Timur." Jurnal Politik Muda 3, no. 1 (2014): 49-57.
Gore, Daniel Edwin Indrajaya, and Ellyne Dwi Poespasari. "Legal Protection for Indigenous People's Rights in Indonesian Law." PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 17, no. 4 (2020): 2516-2526.
Gunadi, Anne. "The Embodiment of Adat Law as an Element of Legal Certainty in Administration of Adat Rights." Indonesia Law Review 9, no. 3 (2019): 259-277.
Gusliana, H. B., and Mardalena Hanifah. "Pola Perlindungan Hutan Adat Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Di Provinsi Riau Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-X/2012." Jurnal Hukum Respublica 16, no. 1 (2016): 183-200.
Hanim, Lathifah, and M. S. Noorman. "The Role of Indigenous Peoples and Customary Law in the Development of National Law the Paradigm of Pancasila." The 4th International and Call for Paper 1, no. 1 (2018): 400-413.
Herlambang, Herlambang, Helda Rahmasari, and Randy Pradityo. “A Renewal Attempt at a Bill in Indonesia’s Criminal Law: A Study of the Development in the Norm of Rejang Customary Law”. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 5, no. 7 (2022): 1661-1665.
Hidayat, Herman, et al. "Forests, law and customary rights in Indonesia: Implications of a decision of the Indonesian Constitutional Court in 2012." Asia Pacific Viewpoint 59, no. 3 (2018): 293-308.
Ismail, Nurhasan, et al. "Penjabaran Asas-Asas Pembaharuan Agraria Berdasarkan Tap MPR No. IX/MPR/2001 dalam Perundang-undangan di Bidang Pertanahan." Mimbar Hukum 22, no. 2 (2010): 360-372.
Jayus, Jaja Ahmad. "Urgency of legal indigenous communities' position in Indonesian constitutional system." Jurnal Media Hukum 27, no. 1 (2020): 79-98.
Joireman, Sandra F. "Aiming for certainty: the Kanun, blood feuds and the ascertainment of customary law." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 46, no. 2 (2014): 235-248.
Julranda, Rizky, Michael Geremia Siagian, and Michael Ariel Perdana Zalukhu. "Penerapan Hukum Progresif Sebagai Paradigma Pembangunan Hukum Nasional dalam Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Hukum Adat." Crepido 4, no. 2 (2022): 171-183.
Kalalo, Julianto Jover Jotam, et al. "Political Dichotomy of Indonesian Legislation Regulations with Local Law Customary Politics in the Border Area." 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018.
Kasih, Desak Putu Dewi, et al. "The Exploitation of Indigenous Communities by Commercial Actors." Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 8, no. 4 (2021): 91-108.
Khaidar, Naufal, and Maulana Adi Nugraha. "Protection of Indigenous Peoples (Local Beliefs) in the Context of Human Rights in Indonesia." Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society 1, no. 2 (2022): 101-130.
Mandowen, Jhitzac Andrew Rafel. “Konflik Pertanahan Antara Masyarakat Adat, Kepala Adat, dan Negara dalam Perluasan Tanah Bandar Udara Sentani di Kabupaten Jayapura”. Thesis (Surabaya: Universitas Airlangga, 2017).
Melo, Isye, and Feibe Engeline Pijoh. "The Impact of Legal Land Acquisition for Public Interest." 3rd International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2020). Atlantis Press, 2020.
Nadiyya, Ahsana, Ayu Putri Rainah Petung Banjaransari, and Heni Rosida. "Menakar Undang-Undang Mineral dan Batubara terhadap Kerentanan Perlindungan Hak Masyarakat Hukum Adat." Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis 2, no. 3 (2021): 195-212.
National Commission on Human Rights, “Realizing the Constitutional Rights of Indigenous Peoples”, Document Set Commemorating the International Day of Indigenous Peoples, p. 43-51.
Nurcahyo, Edy, et al. "Legality and Legal Certainty of Ulayat Land for Indigenous Law Communities (Analysis of Decision Number 1430 K/Pdt/2022)." Jurnal Hukum Volkgeist 7, no. 1 (2022): 61-67.
Nurlinda, Ida. "Penerapan prinsip-prinsip pembaruan agraria menurut Ketetapan MPR No. IX/MPR/2001 tentang Pembaruan Agraria dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dalam Kebijakan Pertanahan Nasional." Thesis. (Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2008).
Palenewen, James Yoseph, and Marthinus Solossa. "Settlement of Land Disputes Through Traditional Law in the Sentani Traditional Community of Jayapura Regency." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 9, no. 11 (2023): 458-463.
Pradhani, Sartika Intaning. "Traditional rights of indigenous people in Indonesia: legal recognition and court interpretation." Jambe Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2018): 177-205.
Reba, William Hendrik. "The Existance of Indigenous Legal Community Rights and the Position In Indonesia Legal System." Papua Law Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 156-178.
Republic of Indonesia. Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2012 concerning Land Acquisition for Development for Public Interest.
Republic of Indonesia. TAP MPR No. IX/MPR/2001 tentang Pembaruan Agraria dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam.
Roth, Dik, and Sandrayati Moniaga. "Interview with Sandrayati Moniaga: Legal pluralism and the struggle for recognition of customary rights in Indonesia." The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 53, no. 3 (2021): 485-497.
Rudy, Rudy, R. P. Ryzal Perdana, and Wijaya Rudi. "The Recognition of Customary Rights by Indonesian Constitutional Court." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 3 (2021): 308-318.
Rumiartha, I. Nyoman Prabu Buana, Ni Luh Gede Astariyani, and Anak Agung Sagung Ngurah Indradewi. "Human Rights of Indigenous People in Indonesia: A Constitutional Approach." Journal of East Asia and International Law 15, no. 2 (2022): 395-402.
Ryniak-Olszanka, Iwona. "The Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Indonesia in the Context of ‘Responsibility to Protect’." Studia Iuridica 96 (2023): 301-317.
Sari, Yesi Nurmantiyas, Rizal Nugroho, and Al Khanif. "Land Acquisition for Public Interests: A Review from the Human Rights Context." Indonesian Journal of Law and Society 1, no. 1 (2020): 21-32.
Saswoyo, Ade Bagus, and Margo Hadi Pura. "Urgensi Pengundangan Rancangan Undang-Undang Masyarakat Hukum Adat sebagai Bentuk Kesetaraan Warga Negara." Jurnal Suara Hukum 5, no. 1 (2023): 19-43.
Simon Butt and Tim Lindest, “Traditional and Customary Law: Adat”, in Indonesian Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018).
Suambara, I. Wayan, and I. Nyoman Putu Budiartha. "Grant Money with a Legal Certainty by Regional Government to Traditional Villages in Bali." Sociological Jurisprudence Journal 6, no. 2 (2023): 97-104.
Sulistyaningsih, Retno. "Reforma Agraria di Indonesia." Perspektif 26, no. 1 (2021): 57-64.
Susylawati, Eka. "Eksistensi Hukum Adat dalam Sistem Hukum di Indonesia." Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 4, no. 1 (2009): 124-140.
Swardhana, Gde Made, and Suviwat Jenvitchuwong. "The participation within indigenous land management: developments and challenges of indigenous communities protection." Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 3, no. 2 (2023): 308-327.
Syahputra, F., et al. "Community surveillance: how to incorporate customary community in monitoring marine area (study case Panglima Laot in Aceh)." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. Vol. 216. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2018.
Syarfina, Rachmi. "Pengaruh Hukum Adat dalam Proses Peralihan Hak Tanah Ulayat Pada Pembangunan Perluasan Bandara di Jayapura." Jurnal Hukum Kenotariatan Otentik's 1, no. 1 (2019): 47-53.
Thontowi, Jawahir. "Perlindungan dan pengakuan masyarakat adat dan tantangannya dalam hukum Indonesia." Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 20, no. 1 (2013): 21-36.
Van Vollenhoven, Cornelis, J. F. Holleman, and H. W. J. Sonius. Van Vollenhoven on Indonesian Adat Law. (New York: Springer, 2013).
Wahanisa, Rofi, et al. "Problems of disputes/conflicts over land acquisition towards development for public interest in Indonesia." International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 10 (2021): 320-325.
Waluyo, Bambang Dwi. "Permasalahan Tanah Adat: Kesalahan dalam Komunikasi Pemerintahan atau Kegegalan Pesan Regulasi dan Kebijakan di Indonesia." AL ADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora 1, no. 1 (2023): 240-249.
Winarsih, Winarsih. "Recognition of Customary Disputes Settlement in Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages: A Responsive Law Review in Indonesian Legal Reform." Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies 2, no. 2 (2017): 101-112.
Wiyono, Bambang. "Kedudukan Hutan Adat Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-IX/2012 dan Hubungannya dengan Pengelolaan Hutan di Indonesia." Aktualita (Jurnal Hukum) 1, no. 1 (2018): 60-76.
Wright, Glen. "Indigenous People and Customary Land Ownership Under Domestic Redd Frameworks: A Case Study of Indonesia." Law, Environment and Development Journal 7, no. 2 (2012): 117-131.
Zain, Mochamad Adib, and Ahmad Siddiq. "Pengakuan Atas Kedudukan dan Keberadaan Masyarakat Hukum Adat (MHA) Pasca dibentuknya Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa." Jurnal Penelitian Hukum 2, no. 2 (2015): 63-76.