Hacker and the Treat for National Security: Challenges in Law Enforcement
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Globalization has become the driving force behind the birth of the era of information technology development. The development of this technology is very fast and has spread to all corners of the world. The development of information technology is not only felt by developed countries but developing countries also feel the development of information technology, so that information technology gets an important position for the progress of society in this modern era. The need for computer network technology is increasing. Apart from being a medium for providing information, through the internet, commercial community activities are also the largest and growing rapidly and penetrate various national borders. Even through this network market activities in the world can be known for 24 hours. Through the world of the internet or also called cyber space, anything can be done. The positive side of this virtual world of course adds to the trend of world technology development with all forms of human creativity. However, the negative impact cannot be avoided. When pornography is rife on the internet, people can't do much. Along with the development of internet technology, causing the emergence of a crime called cyber crime or crime through the internet network or cyberspace. The emergence of several cases of cyber crime in Indonesia, such as credit card theft, hacking of several sites, tapping other people's data transmissions, such as e-mail and manipulating data by preparing unwanted commands into computer programmers. So that in computer crimes it is possible to have formal offenses and material offenses. Formal offense is the act of someone entering someone else's computer without permission, while material offense is an act that causes harm to other people. The existence of cyber crime has become a threat to stability, so it is difficult for the government to balance the techniques of crime committed with computer technology, especially in the internet network.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Akub, M. Syukri. "Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Mayantara (Cyber Crime) dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia." Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 21, No. 2 (2018): 85-93.
Anderson, Ross, et al. "Measuring the cost of cybercrime." The economics of information security and privacy. (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013), pp. 265-300.
Ardiyanti, Handrini. "Cyber-security dan tantangan pengembangannya di indonesia." Jurnal Politica Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri dan Hubungan Internasional 5, No. 1 (2016).
Arief, Barda Nawawi. Masalah Penegakan Hukum dan Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan. (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2018).
Barber, Richard. "Hackers profiled—who are they and what are their motivations?." Computer Fraud & Security 2001, No. 2 (2001): 14-17.
Bunga, Dewi. "Legal Response to Cybercrime in Global and National Dimensions." Padjadjaran Journal of Law 6, No. 1 (2019): 69-89.
Chang, Lennon YC. "Legislative Frameworks Against Cybercrime: The Budapest Convention and Asia." The Palgrave Handbook of International Cybercrime and Cyberdeviance (2020): 327-343.
Deora, Raj Singh, and Dhaval Chudasama. "Brief study of cybercrime on an internet." Journal of Communication Engineering & Systems 11, No. 1 (2021): 1-6.
Fuady, Muhammad E. "“Cybercrime”: Fenomena Kejahatan melalui Internet di Indonesia." Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi 6, No. 2 (2005): 255-264.
Gholami, Ali, and Masoud Pirhadi. "The Challenges of Restoration of Dignity in Cyberspace." Religion & Communication 25, No. 1 (2018): 99-128.
Gordon, Sarah, and Richard Ford. "On the definition and classification of cybercrime." Journal in Computer Virology 2, No. 1 (2006): 13-20.
Holland, Barbara Jane. "Transnational cybercrime: The dark web." Encyclopedia of Criminal Activities and the Deep Web (2020): 108-128.
Ismail, Dian Ekawati. "Cyber Crime di Indonesia." Jurnal Inovasi 6, No. 03 (2009).
Jain, Anant, and Namit Gupta. "Cyber crime." National Journal of Cyber Security Law 2, No. 2 (2020).
Kalyani, Shreya. "Women Safety in Digital World." National Journal of Cyber Security Law 3, No. 1 (2020): 47-54.
Kasemin, H. Kasiyanto. Agresi Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi. (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2016).
Ketaren, Eliasta. "Cybercrime, Cyber Space, dan Cyber Law." Jurnal Times 5, No. 2 (2016): 35-42.
Khadam, Nadia. "Insight to Cybercrime." Taipei University Law Review 29, No. 1 (2012): 55-80.
Koto, Ismail. "Cyber Crime According to the ITE Law." International Journal Reglement & Society (IJRS) 2, No. 2 (2021): 103-110.
Laksana, Andri Winjaya. "Pemidanaan Cybercrime dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Positif." Jurnal Hukum 35, No. 1 (2019): 52-76.
Le Nguyen, Chat, and Wilfred Golman. "Diffusion of the Budapest Convention on cybercrime and the development of cybercrime legislation in Pacific Island countries: ‘Law on the books’ vs ‘law in action’." Computer Law & Security Review 40 (2021): 105521.
Lemuel, Yehezkiel. "Internet and Crimes: How the Law Responds to Internet Based Crimes? A Book Review of "Aspek Hukum Penipuan Berbasis Internet", Maskun & Wiwik Meilarati, CV Keni Media, Makassar, 2016, 238 Pages, ISBN 978-602-74375-5-5." JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 4, No. 2 (2019): 343-350.
Lynch, Jennifer. "Identity Theft in Cyberspace: Crime Control Methods and Their Effectiveness in Combating Phishing Attacks." Berkeley Technology Law Journal 20, No. 1 (2005): 259-300.
Mayeni, Riska, Okviani Syafti, and Sefrinal Sefrinal. "Dampak Perkembangan Teknologi Dikalangan Remaja Dilihat dari Nilai-Nilai Karakter." Turast: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian 7, No. 2 (2019): 239-246.
McCusker, Rob. "Transnational organised cyber crime: distinguishing threat from reality." Crime, Law and Social Change 46, No. 4 (2006): 257-273.
Mewengkang, Indriani Berlian. "Kajian Yuridis Cyber Crime Penanggulangan Dan Penegakan Hukumnya." Lex Crimen 10, No. 5 (2021).
Napitupulu, Darmawan. "Kajian Peran Cyber Law dalam Memperkuat Keamanan Sistem Informasi Nasional." Deviance Jurnal Kriminologi 1, No. 1 (2017): 100-113.
Nguyen, Trong, and Hai Thanh Luong. "The structure of cybercrime networks: transnational computer fraud in Vietnam." Journal of Crime and Justice 44, No. 4 (2021): 419-440.
Nurahman, Dwi. "Kebijakan Penegakan Hukum Cybercrime dan Pembuktian Yuridis dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana Nasional." Keadilan 17, No. 2 (2019): 145-157.
Pogrebna, Ganna, and Mark Skilton. "A sneak peek into the motivation of a cybercriminal", in Navigating New Cyber Risks. (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2019), pp. 31-54.
Prasetiyo, Prasetiyo, and Mukhtar Zuhdy. "Penegakan Hukum oleh Aparat Penyidik Cyber Crime dalam Kejahatan Dunia Maya (Cyber Crime) di Wilayah Hukum Polda DIY." Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (IJCLC) 1, No. 2 (2020): 79-88.
Ratnaya, I. Gede. "Dampak negatif perkembangan teknologi informatika dan komunikasi dan cara antisifasinya." Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan 8, No. 1 (2011).
Raymond, Eric S. "How to become a hacker." Database and Network Journal 33, No. 2 (2003): 8-9.
Richet, Jean-Loup. "From young hackers to crackers." International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction (IJTHI) 9, No. 3 (2013): 53-62.
Sefitrios, Sefitrios, and Tofik Yanuar Chandra. "The Process and Performance of Combating Cyber Crimes in Indonesia." SALAM: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i 8, No. 4 (2021): 975-986.
Siagian, Joshua Oktavianus. "Cyber Fraud and the Role of Investigators: How They Reveal the Facts (Case of Subnit I Reserse of Cybercrime of West Jakarta Metro Police Department)." Tanggon Kosala 10, No. 2 (2021).
Siahaan, Andysah Putera Utama. "Pelanggaran cybercrime dan kekuatan yurisdiksi di Indonesia." Jurnal Teknik dan Informatika 5, No. 1 (2018): 6-9.
Silic, Mario, and Paul Benjamin Lowry. "Breaking bad in cyberspace: Understanding why and how black hat hackers manage their nerves to commit their virtual crimes." Information Systems Frontiers 23, No. 2 (2021): 329-341.
Sinaga, Giosian Yohanes. "Penyelidikan Tindak Pidana Cyber Crime Oleh Sat Reskrim Untuk Meningkatkan Crime Clearance Di Polres Cimahi." Indonesian Journal of Police Studies 4, No. 7 (2020).
Sinha, Shivanshi, and Dr Arora. "Ethical Hacking: The Story of a White Hat Hacker." International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer Science & Technology (IJIRCST), ISSN (2020): 2347-5552.
Smith, Robert Brian. "Cybercrime in ASEAN: Anti-Child Pornography Legislation." JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 5, No. 2 (2020): 277-294.
Sutrisno, Nandang. "Cyberlaw: Problem dan Prospek Pengaturan Aktivitas Internet." Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM 8, No. 16 (2001): 30-41.
Van Beveren, John. "A conceptual model of hacker development and motivation." Journal of E-Business 1, No. 2 (2000): 1-9.
Viano, Emilio C. "Cybercrime: Definition, typology, and criminalization" in Cybercrime, Organized Crime, and Societal Responses. (Cham: Springer, 2017), pp. 3-22.
Wijaya, Massulthan Rafi, and Ridwan Arifin. "Cyber Crime in International Legal Instrument: How Indonesia and International Deal with This Crime?." IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) 5, No. 1 (2020): 63-74.
Zamroni, Mohammad. "Perkembangan teknologi komunikasi dan dampaknya terhadap kehidupan." Jurnal Dakwah: Media Komunikasi dan Dakwah 10, No. 2 (2009): 195-211.