Kejadian Pneumonia pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan

Abstract

Abstrak

Incidence Rate (IR) pneumonia pada anak balita di Kota Semarang tahun 2016 yaitu sebesar 399 per 10.000 penduduk, sedangkan tahun 2017 sebesar 542 per 10.000 penduduk. Peningkatan prevalensi pneumonia pada anak balita tahun 2018 sebesar 84,81%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan kejadian pneumonia pada anak usia 12-59 bulan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Juli 2020 dimana menggunakan observasional analitik dengan rancangan case-control. Sampel sebesar 36 kasus dan 36 kontrol dengan teknik proportionate random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah pedoman observasi, kuesioner, dan roll meter. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa status imunisasi (p-value=0,01), status gizi (p-value=0,03), asupan vitamin A (p-value=0,01), kepadatan rumah (p-value=0,01), berat lahir (p-value=0,67), riwayat menyusui (p-value=0,21), anak berada di dapur saat ibu memasak (p-value=0,78), ventilasi udara rumah (p-value=0,43), dan perokok keluarga (p-value=0,79). Jadi kesimpulannya adalah terdapat hubungan antara status imunisasi, status gizi, asupan vitamin A, dan kepadatan rumah dengan kejadian pneumonia pada anak usia 12-59 bulan.

Abstract

Incidence Rate (IR) pneumonia in children under five in Semarang City 2016 was 399 per 10,000 population, whereas, 2017, it was 542 per 10,000 population. The increasing prevalence of pneumonia in children under five 2018 was 84.81%. This study's purpose was to figure out determinants of pneumonia in children aged 12-59 months. This study was conducted in July 2020 which used analytic observational with a case-control design. The study sample was 36 cases and 36 controls by proportionate random sampling technique. The instruments used were observation guidelines, questionnaires, and roll meters. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression test. The results showed that immunization status (p-value=0.01), nutritional status (p-value=0.03), vitamin A intake (p-value=0.01), home density (p-value=0.01), birth weight (p-value=0.67), history of breastfeeding (p-value=0.21), child stay during cooking (p-value=0.78), home air ventilation (p-value=0.43), and family smokers (p-value=0.79). So, it was concluded that there was an association between immunization status, nutritional status, vitamin A intake, and home density with pneumonia incidence in children aged 12-59 months.