FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN GIZI KURANG BALITA 0-59 BULAN

Abstract

Abstrak

Permasalahan gizi yang terjadi pada usia balita seperti stunting, wasting, dan gizi kurang masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan utama di negara berkembang. Status gizi kurang di usia balita berdampak pada kelangsungan hidup anak seperti terganggunya tumbuh dan kembang anak, penurunan kemampuan belajar, dan penurunan daya tahan tubuh yang berakibat pada meningkatnya risiko kematian. Berdasarkan data, diketahui prevalensi gizi kurang Kabupaten Blora mengalami peningkatan dari 9,6% menjadi 10,9% dari tahun 2019 sampai 2020. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara beberapa faktor dengan kejadian balita gizi kurang di wilayah Puskesmas Blora. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif observasional analitik dengan rancangan studi cross-sectional. Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat dan multivariat, terdapat hubungan antara riwayat ibu KEK dengan gizi kurang balita (P = 0,001) dan diperoleh nilai PR sebesar 1,963 (1,381-2,792) dimana PR>1 yang artinya ibu yang memiliki riwayat KEK saat hamil berisiko 1,963 kali lebih besar memiliki balita gizi kurang. Kesimpulan variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan adalah riwayat ibu KEK.

Kata kunci: gizi kurang, balita, KEK

Abstract

Nutritional problems in under-five children such as stunting, wasting, and underweight are still major health problems in developing countries. Underweight in children has an impact on their survival rate such as impaired growth and development of children, decreased learning abilities, and decreased body resistance which results an increased risk of death. Based on the data, it is known that the prevalence of malnutrition in Blora Regency has increased from 9,6% to 10,9% from 2019 to 2020. This study aims to determine the relationship between several factors and the incidence of underweight children under five in the area of ​​Blora Health Center (Puskesmas Blora). The research design used was an analytical observational quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. Based on the results of bivariate and multivariate analysis, there is a relationship between maternal history of CED with under-five children malnutrition (P = 0.001) and obtained a PR value of 1.963 (1.381-2.792) where PR>1 which indicates that maternal history of CED during pregnancy are at risk of 1.963 times more likely to have underweight children under five. The conclusion is the variable that was significantly related to underweight under-five children is maternal history of CED.

Keywords: underweight, children, chronic energi deficiency (CED)