EVALUASI PELAKSANAAN INTERVENSI GIZI SPESIFIK DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN STUNTING

Abstract

Abstrak

Berbagai intervensi gizi spesifik dalam upaya pencegahan stunting yang menjadi tanggungjawab sektor Kesehatan telah dilaksanakan. Pada kenyatannya, kejadian stunting Kabupaten Wonosobo tahun 2021 menempati posisi tertinggi di Jawa Tengah. Desa Purwojiwo masuk dalam 10 desa prioritas stunting dan dalam 3 tahun terakhir prevalensinya meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan intervensi gizi spesifik dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan kerangka evaluasi (input, proses, output, dan outcome). Informan utama penelitian ini adalah penanggungjawab program intervensi gizi spesifik dan informan triangulasinnya yaitu ibu balita stunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi, dilaksanakan pada Oktober 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aspek input kurangnya ahli gizi di puskesmas, alat ukur belum lengkap, sarana terbatas, dan SOP dari puskemas belum ada; aspek proses terdapat kader kurang aktif dan kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan pelayanan kesehatan; aspek output tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan posyandu 86,7%, sedangkan gambaran tingkat keberhasilan program dalam kegiatan posyandu hanya 65,3%; dan aspek outcome masih kurangnya pengetahuan ibu balita stunting tentang gizi balita. Jadi, pelaksanaan intervensi gizi spesifik ini masih banyak kendala sehingga hasil pelaksanaanya belum optimal.

Abstract

Various specific nutrition interventions in efforts to prevent stunting which are the responsibility of the health sector have been implemented. In fact, the incidence of stunting in Wonosobo Regency in 2021 occupies the highest position in Central Java. Purwojiwo Village is included in the 10 priority villages for stunting and in the last 3 years its prevalence has increased. This research aims to evaluate the implementation of specific nutrition interventions in efforts to prevent stunting. The method used is descriptive qualitative with an evaluation framework (input, process, output, and outcome). The main informant of this research is in responsible for specific nutrition intervention program and the triangulation informant, namely stunting toddler mothers. This research used primary data collected through interviews and observations, to be carried out in October 2022. The results showed that the input aspects wa a lack of nutritionists at the puskesmas, measuring instruments were incomplete, limited facilities, and SOPs from the puskesmas did not yet exist; in the process aspect, there are less active cadres and less society participation in utilizing health services; the output aspect, the level of community partisipation in posyandu is 86,7%, while the description of the program’s level of succes in posyandu is only 65,3%; and the outcome aspect is the lack of knowledge of stunting toddler mothers about toddler nutrition. Therefore, the implementation of this specific nutrition intervention still has many obstacles so that the implementation results are not optimal.