The Factors Influencing Tourist Visitations Number in Curug Silawe

The purposes of this research are to identify the influence of travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beautiness, and age on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe and to estimate the economic value of Curug Silawe through individual travel cost method. The population in this study are tourists that visited Curug Silawe with sample of 98 respondents taken by the quota accidental sampling technique. The data collection method used are literature study and questionnaire. The analysis tool used are OLS linear regression and economic value estimation. The results showed the variables that influence the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe are income, distance and age. Income and age has a positive effect. While distance has a negative effect. The economic value of Curug Silawe reached IDR 1,109,930,140.48 per year. This value is obtained from consumer surplus obtained per individual per year of IDR 308,656.88.


INTRODUCTION
Tourism as mentioned in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 10 of 2009 is a travel activity performed by a person or group of people by visiting certain places for recreational purposes, personal development, or to learn the uniqueness of a tourist attraction which visited in a temporary period. Currently the tourism sector is one of the strategic sectors capable of sustaining the economy both from the state order to the society.
Indonesia with various tourism attractions has been able to attract both the Indonesian and foreign tourists' visit (Hanif & Fafurida, 2018). This is proven by the tourism sector that has been developed year by year. In 2014 tourism generated a GDP of IDR 394.52 trillion, 2015 as much as IDR 461.36 trillion, and again in 2016 increased to IDR 500.19 trillion . Tourism foreign exchange in 2017 amounted to 15,235.5 US$, increased from 2016 which is only 13,458.5 US$ (Kementerian Pariwisata, 2018).
Central Java is one of the province in Indonesia which has natural beauties and historical varieties which become a tourist attraction that is capable of attracting tourist visitations. One of regencies with the highest number of tourists in Jawa Tengah is Magelang Regency, as shown in Ecotourism as a sustainable development tool provides long-term social, environmental and economic benefits and is given appropriate priority in the country's economic development (Nihayah, Pujiati, Khoiruddin, & Kusrini, 2017

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The multiple linear regression equation with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach is used to determine the influence of seven independent variables namely travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beauties, and age on the dependent variable, namely the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe. Thus, the results obtained as follows: Based on table 3, the regression equation can be described as follows: Y = -0.001 -0.00000106X 1 + 0.00000021X 2 -0.011X 3 + 0.048X 4 + 0.049X 5 + 0.021X 6 + 0.037X 7 +e If the Y variable is the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe, therefore the regression results on the equation model can be interpreted as follows:

Constant (β0)
The constant value in the regression results can be interpreted if all the independent variables has a value of zero (0), therefore the value of individual visits number to Curug Silawe is 0.001 times.

Travel cost (X1) to the number of visits (Y)
The travel cost coefficient (X1) to the number of visits (Y) is -0.00000106, this figure can be interpreted that every increase in travel costs of IDR 1, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will decrease by 0.00000106 times. If travel costs increase, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will decrease with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.

Income (X2) to the number of visits (Y)
The income coefficient (X2) to the number of visits (Y) is 0.00000021, the figure shows that every increase in income of 1 rupiah, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will increase by 0.00000021 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.

Distance (X3) to number of visits (Y)
The distance coefficient (X3) to the number of visits (Y) is -0.011, this value indicates that each increase in distance of 1 kilometer, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will decrease by 0.011 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant . It can be interpreted that additional distance will be a consideration for tourists to visit Silawe Waterfall.

Access (X4) to the number of visits (Y)
The access coefficient (X4) to the number of visits (Y) is 0.048, this value indicates that each increase in tourist perception of access by 1 unit, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will increase by 0.048 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.

Facilities (X5) to the number of visits (Y)
The facilities coefficient (X5) to the number of visits (Y) is 0.049, this value indicates that each increase in tourist perceptions of facilities by 1 unit, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will increase by 0.049 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.

Natural beauties (X6) to the number of visits (Y)
The natural beauties coefficient (X6) to the number of visits (Y) is 0.021, this value indicates that each increase in tourist perception of natural beauties by 1 unit, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will increase by 0.021 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.

Age (X7) to number of visits (Y)
The coefficient of age (X7) to the number of visits (Y) is 0.037, this value indicates that every increase in age by 1 year, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will increase by 0.037 times with assumption that the other independent variables from regression model remain constant.
Based on Table 3, the Adjusted R-Squared value (R2) is 0.256, which means that 25.6% of the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe are simultaneously explained by variables of travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beauties, and age. While the remaining 74.4% is explained by other variables that are not examined in the research.
Based on table 3 for the partial test (t test), the value of t table is 1.987 and the level of significance is 5% (0.05). From the seven independent variables analyzed by multiple linear regression, there are three variables that has a significant effect on dependent variable, namely income (X2), distance (X3), and age (X7). While the other 4 variables has no significant effect including travel cost (X1), access (X4), facilities (X5), and natural beauties (X6).
Based on table 3 for the simultaneous test (F test), the calculated F value is 5.72 with a significance level of 0.000. The F table value obtained is 2.11. Considering the calculated F value is greater than F table which is 5.72 > 2.11 and the significance level is 0,000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the variables of travel cost, income, distance, access, facilities, natural beauty, and age simultaneously has a significant effect to the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe.
The economic value estimation method used is individual travel cost method by calculating the surplus obtained by consumers per individual per year based on the travel cost. The regression results between the number of individual visits (Y) and the variable of travel cost generate the demand model as follows: The test results show that there are three variables that has significant effect (α = 0.05) on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe, namely income, distance, and age. While the other four variables, namely travel cost, access, facilities, natural beauty, and age did not significantly influence the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe.
The distance variable has significant effect with negative coefficient. It can be interpreted the further the distance, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will also decrease. This shows that tourists choose tourist attractions closer to their residence. The results of this study are in line with (Mateka et al., 2013), (Herminto, 2015), and (Pirikiya et al., 2016) that distance influence the choice of tourist attractions.
The age variable has significant effect with positive coefficient. It can be interpreted the higher the age of visitors, the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe will also increase, because it relates to the need for refreshing from the daily work routine. This result support the result of previous studies conducted by (Mateka et al., 2013) and (Vanna Fitriana, Zainal Abidin, 2017) that age has a significant effect on the number of tourist demand.
The economic value obtained by Curug Silawe is IDR 1,109,930,140.48 per year obtained from the consumer surplus of IDR 308,656.88 per individual per year or IDR 154,328.44 per one visit. This figure is greater than the average cost of travel per individual of IDR 49,230.00 so that the benefit obtained by tourists exceed travel cost (Arsalan, Gravitiani, & Irianto, 2018). This economic value can be interpreted as the value borne if Curug Silawe has decreased or damaged the quality of the environment.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of the research, the variables that influence the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe are income, distance, and age. The income and age variables has significant and positive effect on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe. While the distance variables have a significant and negative effect on the number of individual visits to Curug Silawe.