TOMINI GULF MARITIME AXIS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW of the Indonesian Legal Thoughts Amid World

A BSTRACT This article is based on the concept of a maritime axis based on several issue points in the Tomini Gulf area, researched to map issues based on a review of International Law. The article focuses on the existing conditions of the Tomini bay area in its management and protection but at the level of the maritime sector that is related to the issue of security defense of the gulf Tomini waters. Based on normative juridical methods, the article explains that the gulf of Tomini which is semi-enclosed water, still requires significant support from the executive elements, especially in terms of regional cooperation and international cooperation in the fields of economy, defence and security. This is concerned with the territorial and EEZ regions that simultaneously border the Pacific Ocean and the development Gulf of Tomini from the aspect of prosperity and security. Moreover, the state does not have to refer to only one international intrusion. However, maritime synergy is needed in all aspects of the Tomini bay waters, be it from environmental, utilization and socio-cultural economy. Some specifically regulated international conventions need a more profound review to implement a targeted management system and definite legal protection at the regional level.

(2) of Law No. 5 of 1960 on Agrarian Subjects, which includes: 1. organize and organize the allotment, use, supply, and maintenance of the earth, water, and space; 2. determine and regulate the legal relations between peoples and earth, water and space; 3. determine and regulate the legal relations between people and the deeds of the law concerning the earth, water, and space.
As an archipelagic state with high marine biodiversity, Indonesia has abundant natural resource potential, especially in coastal areas and small islands. Coastal areas and small islands of Indonesia have a complete ecosystem that acts as a habitat for fish and other organisms foraging (feeding ground), laying eggs (nesting ground) and spawning ground. 1 Management of the potential of coastal resources and small islands must also be in line with protection and preservation efforts. As the implementer of the program of activities, the government is obliged to be able to improve services to the community and the public and conduct comprehensive management and protection in all elements of Indonesia's marine. 1 P. Joko Subagyo, Hukum Laut Indonesia, Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta, p. 8, 2012 Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils The sea has excellent benefits and roles for human life, which is also part of the environment. Along with the development of science and technology, the function of the sea increased with the discovery of a variety of valuable mining and mining materials. 2 The sea has a unique nature to human life, as well as the laws of the sea. Law, in general, is a series of rules regarding the behaviour of people as members of that society. The sea is widespread water that extends between various continents and islands in the world. The sea functions give impetus to the control and utilization of the sea by any state or kingdom based on a conception of law. 3 Indonesia is one of the countries that benefited from the passed and enactment of UNCLOS 1982, and this is because Indonesia has an extensive sea area and a unique geographical location. 4 In addition to the location of the Indonesian Archipelago, which is in the cross position of the world, namely between two continents, namely the Continent of Asia and Australia and between two oceans, namely the Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils indentation shall not, however, be regarded as a bay unless its area is as large as, or larger than, that of the semi-circle whose 7 diameter is a line drawn across the mouth of that indentation." The bay is a clear indentation, whose indentation is compared in such a way as to the width of its mouth that it contains closed waters and whose shape is more than just a mere coastal environment.
The indentation is not considered a bay unless the area of the bay is wider than the area of a semicircular whose diameter the circle is along a line drawn across the mouth of the indentation. In article 10, paragraph 4 also describes the condition that the bay cover line should not have a length exceeding 24 nautical miles. The waters within the bay cover line can be directly defined as inland waters after the closure of the bay with the bay cover line. As a state of law, the naming of the bay should refer to UNCLOS regulations since conventions are one of the sources of law.
The maritime axis is a strategic idea that is realized to ensure connectivity between islands, the development of shipping and fisheries industry, improvement of sea transportation and focus on maritime security. The World Maritime Axis is to make the sea a sea lane. The World Maritime Axis is tasked with regulating maritime boundaries, structuring marine space and diplomacy, development of maritime industry and marine connectivity, development of natural resources industry, and marine services. The term "Maritime Axis of the World" is a short sentence that contains a broad understanding, must be observed, studied in-depth and addressed wisely, vigilantly and carefully. These terms can be interpreted as: "World Maritime Sea Lane", meaning the sea lane used for traffic by the ships of the world's countries to realize their countries' national interests. Therefore, it is not wrong if the world state will take whatever stance and measures 7 United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils are necessary to protect and secure the country's national interests during the crossing of the "World Maritime Sea Lane". National interests include political, economic, socio-cultural and security defence interests. 8 If this happens, it will undoubtedly be hazardous and detrimental to Indonesia's national interests. The term "World Maritime Axis" is replaced with another term that gives a clear, not widened, and measurable understanding, such as "Indonesia's World Door".
As the world's door, the signal conveyed is clear that Indonesia has full sovereignty and authority over the "World Maritime Sea Lane", the authority to guard the door, the authority when the door should be opened and when it should be closed. The door here in question is 4 (four) significant straits that cross the Indonesian Archipelago. Under UNCLOS 1982, as the Indonesian Islands State is allowed to replace (close) ALKI (Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lanes), if needed by the state, with the record of having to provide ALKI, others as a substitute. With the term "Indonesia the Door of the World", Indonesia has substantial authority to take discretionary measures in managing the "World Maritime Sea Road" in Indonesia's national interest 9 as it is known that the World Maritime Axis is a vision proclaimed by President Joko Widodo during his campaign as a presidential candidate. This vision was first presented at the third round of presidential debates around July 2014. This vision assumes a condition in which the geopolitical power of the economy is shifting from the western world to Asia. Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils policy that rests solely on ASEAN 14 must no longer continue to be the prominent foreign policy footing. . So that the understanding of the world maritime axis is outlined in Presidential Regulation No. 16 of 2017 which reads that the World Maritime Axis is a vision of Indonesia to become a sovereign, advanced, independent, strong maritime country, and able to make a positive contribution to the security and peace of the region and the world following national interests. 15

MANAGEMENT OF TOMINI BAY
MANAGEMENT IS A PROCESS of planning, utilizing, supervising and controlling a resource in a particular sector. So, in this case, the management of Tomini bay is a series of processes but covers the resource area of coastal areas and small islands of the Tomini bay area between sectors, between the central government, the regional government of Gorontalo Province, Central Sulawesi province and the regional government of North Sulawesi province, as well as between the land and sea ecosystems of the bay and between science and management. All processes and synergies between these sectors are essential in the principle of Tomini bay management to improve the welfare of the people of the bay area. These resources include Meeting held in June 2021, which was attended by all parties above, produced a policy that will reference the grand strategy of management and development of the Gulf of Tomini area. The policy covers the prosperity aspect and the security aspect.

Surrounded by two or more countries
Tomini Bay is located among 3 (three) provinces on the island of Sulawesi that are directly opposite the Philippines, close to the expanse of the Pacific Ocean. In this regard, attention to the environmental and regional security resilience sector requires strong diplomatic relations with neighbouring countries and maritime organizations.
4. The existence of territorial seas and EEZ 5. The affirmation of cooperation in the field of security defence is that semi-closed characteristics demand more complex regional management of the interconnected political dimensions of economics and ecology.
In essence, the management of the gulf of Tomini is not only urgent on the internal management of the region but also urgent from the aspect of external relations of the region. This management will Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jils create more sustainable indicators of regional development and automatically lead to comprehensive legal protection.

CONLUSION
THE EXISTENCE OF THE STATE as an international legal entity that has not been optimal in handling waters with small gulf curves such as the Gulf of Tomini, due to the role of the government that has not been pro-active on the issue of maritime diplomacy and instead the central government is less socialized to the potential and impact of universal territorial security on small waters such as the gulf of Tomini. This is identified on the issues that have been outlined and in the data on the results of the formulation of the development of particular economic areas that have only been initiated this year. The following, the geographical form of the Gulf of Tomini, semi-enclosed water, still requires significant support from the executive elements, especially in terms of regional cooperation and international cooperation in economy, defence and security. This considers the territorial and EEZ areas that simultaneously border the Pacific Ocean and urges the development of the Gulf of Tomini from prosperity and security. Although the above are regulated in UNCLOS 1982, the state does not have to refer to only one international intrusion. However, maritime synergy is needed in all aspects of the Tomini bay waters, be it from environmental, utilization and socio-cultural economy.
Some specifically regulated international conventions need a more profound review to implement a targeted management system and definite legal protection at the regional level.