Urgency of the Role of Society in Protection Conservation Area

Indonesia has at least 54 National Parks ( Taman Nasional ) and 123 Nature Tourism Parks ( Taman Wisata Alam ) with an area of 16 million ha. In addition to national parks and Nature Tourism Parks, the potential of natural tourism in conservation areas in Indonesia is also located 28 units Forest Park, Buru Park 11 units, Nature Reserve 219 units, Wildlife Sanctuary 72 units, and Nature Reserve Area /Nature Conservation Area as much as 56 units. However, there is still unlicensed forest control, illegal logging, falsification of documents, smuggling of rare animals or plants, forest fires and etc. This can be a threat to the presence of rare animals and plants in conservation areas. In addition, with so many conservation areas, it requires intensive security and supervision. Communities adjacent to conservation areas, can be more sensitive and responsive to problems that occur. The community will play an active role ranging from planning, implementation, to monitoring and evaluation of protection development. So, it needs to be examined, how urgency the role of the community in the protection of conservation areas. The research method used is juridical research with legal approach and concept.

states that the essence of a conservation area is based on a particular area; aimed at biodiversity; requires management; There is a management authority to ensure the implementation of conservation efforts. However, in practice there are some threats that lead to the exploitation and destruction of space or the reconstruction of space. For example, it is intended for land clearing in the conservation area (Tempo, 2021).
Based on BNPB data as of November 2020, forest fire cases in 2019, covering an area of 1.6 million hectares of forest /land in Indonesia burned. While in 2020 this is only close to 300 thousand hectares of forest burned (Adilah, 2020). According to Suharjito (2003) stated that local people are people who live around forests and depend on forests to fulfill their lives (economic, political, religious, and others).
Community participation is a ptoses of activities carried out by individuals and in groups in the community, to express their interests and their relevance to environmental sustainability, where they are located or joined in order to achieve the goals of an independent society (Retnowati, et.al., 2009). So the government needs to involve the community in efforts to protect conservation areas. Because they will be more sensitive and responsive, to problems in the environment they are in. So it needs to be studied about the causes of the need for management of environmental conservation areas, the urgency of the role of the community in the protection of conservation areas, and the role of the community in terms of conservation of environmental protection. So as to be able to identify how important the role of society. And have an important contribution to publish.

METHOD A. Approach Methods
The method applied by the author in this writing is the Normative Juridical Law Research Method, which is the method of approach used in this research is a method of Done by emphasizing and sticking to juridical aspects.
Normative legal research is literature research, which is research on secondary data. Secondary data has a scope that includes personal letters, books, to official documents issued by the government (Soekanto & Mamudji, 1995). This normative approach will be centered on juridical issues regarding the rule of law regarding environmental conservation in Indonesia (Adi, 2004).

B. Data Collection Methods
Data collection is obtained from literature research supported by field research. Literature research (library research) is collecting data by conducting a review of literature materials or secondary data that includes primary legal materials, secondary legal materials (Soekanto & Mamudji, 1995 b. Secondary legal material is a legal material that provides an explanation of the primary legal material, such as: the results of research and scientific work from the legal circle, related to the implementation of environmental conservation.

C. Data Processing and Presentation Methods
Data has been collected through data collection activities has not provided conclusions for research purposes, because the data is raw data. The process of processing data is editing that examines the data and examines the data that has been examined to ensure that the data can be accounted for in accordance with reality. Furthermore, in editing is done correcting erroneous data and completing incomplete data.

D. Data Analysis Methods
The data analysis used in this study is qualitative data analysis, which is the analysis of data that does not use numbers but based on laws and regulations, the views of sources to be able to answer the problems of this study. All data obtained is systematically compiled, processed and researched and evaluated. Then the data is grouped on similar data, for the purposes of analysis, while evaluation and interpretation are carried out qualitatively recorded one by one to assess the possibility of answer equations.
Therefore, the data that has been collected is then processed, analyzed qualitatively and translated logically systematically to be further drawn conclusions using deductive approach methods. Conclusion is a special answer to the problem studied, so it is expected to provide solutions to the problems in this study.

A. The cause of the need for management of environmental conservation areas
In addition to conservation aims to protect habitats / living places from damage. Conservation also aims to protect plants and animals from extinction. To achieve this goal, it needs to be conserved, so that habitats and living things can be protected from damage or extinction.
Against the degradation of forest resources certainly requires handling conservation in maintaining forest areas.
Environmental damage is increasingly complex and requires comprehensive treatment in an effort to change and awaken the community to the importance of maintaining nature (Henri, 2018).
The area that must be conserved is a region that has certain criteria, namely a region that has a complete or representative collection of animals, plants, and landscapes Areas with these criteria if not protected, will be damaged. Damage can occur due to various factors, such as addition, illegal logging, and forest fires, and other causes.
If there is damage, then the balance of the ecosystem will be disturbed, then causing the impact of natural destruction for the habitat of rare animals: 1) They will lose their habitat.
Nature consists of biotic elements (plants, animals, bacteria, and humans) and abiotic elements (air, wind, soil, water, etc.). If there is damage to nature, then the main element of the biotic element will lose its habitat.
Especially for animals that live in the forest. So that the animals will look for a new habitat for habitation. That leads to the migration of animals to settlements that can be a new threat to residents around conservation areas.
2) Loss of food sources.
When nature is damaged, the availability of food becomes exhausted. Though animals depend on nature, to get daily food such as omnivorous animals and herbivores. In Indonesia there are rare species of omnivorous birds that rely on food from grains in nature, so that if nature is damaged then the availability of food becomes scarce.

3) Extinction
When the food reserves are up. It is needed by living things to survive, multiply, and form generations.
Living things (animals) will become weak and will become extinct. The study was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

4) The diversity of living things decreasing
Indonesia is famous for its wide variety of biodiversity and living things, so that continuous natural damage, especially forest destruction, makes biodiversity even lost (Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Semarang, 2020).
Impact of natural destruction on rare plant habitats: 1) Plants lose habitat.
There are many plants that can only live in certain areas or certain environmental conditions. Many habitats are changed due to human activities or due to natural disasters. For example, the construction of housing or buildings that eventually displace the habitat of many damage will cause loss of soil fertility and make humans also difficult in security plants and foodstuffs.
Furthermore, natural damage caused by humans or due to natural disasters. The balance of the ecosystem is disrupted. It will have a direct impact on humans.

1) Flood
Because of the hands of humans who are less concerned about the environment. Caused by garbage in the river or due to the absence of water catchment. Flooding not only causes the submerging of a place, but flooding can also cause many lives to drift due to heavy currents.

2) Landslide
Due to the illegal felling of trees without being accompanied by reforestation that makes erosion. It usually occurs on the slopes of mountains or mountains or surrounding areas, in case of heavy rains.

3) Pollution
It will affect the health of people in the area. If there is a factory in a settlement, it will cause pollution ranging from water and air pollution. The existence of indiscriminate waste disposal makes water pollution spread to residents' settlements, to wells, even some rivers can be polluted.

4) Global warning
The existence of global warming or global warming is often associated with the greenhouse effect. This is true that the earth's temperature is increasingly rising. The

B. Urgency of important community role in the protection of environmental conservation areas
The construction of the conservation area can be considered to have been started by Dr. Koorders, (1863-1 919) the founder and first chairman of the Nederlandrh Indische Vereeniging tot Natuurbescherming (Dutch East Indies Natural Protection Society) (Setiawan, et.al., 2001).

Swamp Vegetation and Freshwater Swamp Forest
Both of these areas are easily used as rice fields so that this vegetation area is quickly reduced, through

drying. For example, what happened in the Way
Kambas and Barbak nature reserves in Sumatra..

Peatlands
Peatlands are declining, due to land transfer, illegal logging, fires and new settlements.

Kerangas Forest
Kerangas forest is easily damaged and how to recover it is not easy. For example, in padang luwai nature reserve in East Kalimantan.

Lowland Forest
Forests experience illegal logging for plantation and settlement needs, forest fires, mining, and much more.

Monsoon Forest
Forests have been heavily converted into farmland.
For example, in East Java.

Mountain Forest
For example, Leuser Mountain in Sumatra. Humans have a big share of the balance of ecosystems, because the balance of ecosystems is in the hands of humans.
Human himself is a creature who is endowed with the sense to manage it and preserve the environment. A man who understands the state of the environment in which he is located. So, it takes the participation of the community in managing and maintaining the environment.

C. The participation of the community in terms of conservation of environmental protection
Interestingly, in the conservation area as a biodiversity protection area that generally has a close existence with the existence of indigenous / local peoples who have local wisdom values, so that at least they are able to maintain the area, but the opposite happens where they can not even optimally participate in providing protection and even they are marginalized and not protected, it is seen as a source of conflict (Negara, 2011).
The need for community participation is expressed by Hardjasoemantri in Najih, et. Al. (2006), that is, in addition to providing valuable information to decision makers, the participation of the community can reduce the possibility of unwillingness to accept decisions. Related to the management of conservation areas, the goal to be achieved is the reduction of conflict between the government and the community (Peranginangin, 2011).

Communities around conservation areas in general
have a low level of education and income levels have limitations in participating in the management of national parks. People with the will to manage conservation areas are driven by the motivation and potential to maintain and improve the quality and quality of the environment and existing conservation areas. This is driven by: 1. Community proximity to conservation areas 2. The existence of interest factors, both historically, socioreligious, ecological and economic local / indigenous peoples 3. There is concern and commitment (as shown by environmental NGOs and environmental groups) (ICEL, 2009: 89).
Communities around the area in general have management limitations, so it requires encouragement from regional managers to generate community participation. through conservation awareness-raising activities and improving community welfare.
The placement of the community as the subject of protection development is absolutely necessary, so that the community will play an active role ranging from planning, implementation, to monitoring and evaluation of protection development.
Therefore, the form of community participation in the development of protection can be in the form of community participation in extension activities, regional management planning activities; regional management activities; and regional surveillance activities (Sadono, 2012).
Integrating the concept of bioconservation in biological learning as an effort to foster literacy and environmental awareness of high school students can be done with contextual approaches that exist around students. In India, the application of learning raises local potential and potentially long-term conservation efforts on students' attitudes towards local biodiversity and shapes attitudes for the future (Mumpuni, 2015).
The role of the community has been carried out in various forms such as with activities related to the movement of nature lovers who associate local wisdom or the beliefs of the local community. As did the people of Colo Village who have confidence in the plants Haji, Piring Towo, Mranti Tree and Prajito which is believed to have efficacy.
In addition, the people of Colo Village also have a culture related to ceremonies or traditions such as earth alms in this is done as a means of human communication with the environment (Saputri, 2020; Rahman, 2020).
People who understand more deeply about environmental sustainability will be a movement in the form of behavior to preserve the environment by conserving the environment, maintaining the environment, and obeying the applicable rules ).
An example of the role of community participation in the protection of conservation areas is the role of the Orang Village community has a low income level so that the form of community participation is to make a contribution in the form of energy, thoughts, and advice. In general, the level of participation of the orange village community belongs to the low to moderate category. In tree seed planting activities in the forest and regional security activities, the level of regional security is high. Conservation awareness in the people of Jeruk Village has grown well with the replanting in the area and regional security activities carried out independently.
Community participation in the extension of regional conservation: a. Community leaders provide conservation counseling through citizen meetings.
b. Pam swakarsa provides counseling through regional patrols.
c. Counseling for fire hazards.
The role of the community in management planning is to provide advice or ideas about the activities to be carried out.
The role of the community in forest management is with community empowerment and forest rehabilitation activities. Community empowerment in the form of providing advice on the form / type of assistance that will be provided and managing assistance so that it can be utilized in a rolling manner. Forest rehabilitation by being involved as field personnel and fertilized in accordance with the contract and planting independently with shredded seeds.
The participation of the community in the supervision / protection of forests by joining in fire care activities and selfservice pumps. It's a TN partner. Mount Merbabu in providing counseling, providing information on the occurrence of fires and extinguishing forest fires and forming self-sustaining self-contained pumps also has its own routine patrol schedule and costs (Sadono, 2013 There are two forms of community participation in the preservation of forest areas in Mount Galunggung: 1) Active participation, which invites others to gain reach and improve the results of the program launched, because the results of the program are perceived by the community as the success of the community itself. As many as 70% (35)

CONCLUSION
The area that must be conserved is a region that has certain criteria, namely a region that has a complete or representative collection of animals, plants, and landscapes representing its territory and each species in it has the ability to survive. If not, it will have an impact on animals, rare plants, and also humans. In