Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal

Unleashing the Power of Class Action Lawsuits: Redefining Justice for Insurance Policyholders in Indonesia

Imam Haryanto, Suherman Suherman, Muthia Sakti, Ibrahim Hanif Khalilullah — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This paper explores the transformative potential of class action lawsuits in redefining justice for insurance policyholders in Indonesia. Through an in-depth examination of the legal landscape and specific cases, the study delves into the mechanisms and implications of leveraging class actions as a means of seeking justice within the insurance sector. By analyzing notable instances, such as the class action lawsuit initiated by insurance policyholders of PT Asuransi Jiwasraya and PT Asuransi Jiwa Adisarana WanaArtha, the paper scrutinizes the impact of collective legal action in addressing grievances and restoring violated rights. The research also navigates the legal provisions surrounding class actions in Indonesia, shedding light on their relevance and effectiveness in the pursuit of justice for insurance policyholders. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on legal remedies within the insurance industry, offering insights into the potential of class action lawsuits as a powerful tool for policyholders to assert their rights and demand justice in the Indonesian legal context.

Interpreting Article 22(2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Post Constitutional Court Decision 54/PUU-XXI/2023

Baharuddin Riqiey, Muhammad Ahsanul Huda — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The aim of this research is to elucidate the interpretation of Article 22, paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, particularly focusing on the phrases "obtain approval from the House of Representatives" and "in the following trial." Employing a normative legal research approach, the study utilizes a statutory regulatory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The legal materials encompass both primary and secondary legal sources. The research findings delineate that the phrase "obtain approval from the People's Representative Council" in Article 22, paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia signifies: (i) the requirement for the President to submit the Perppu to the DPR for approval; and (ii) the discretion of the DPR to either approve or disapprove the Perppu. Meanwhile, the interpretation of the phrase "in the following trial" entails: (i) the period during which the Perppu is submitted to the DPR by the President; (ii) the initial session of the DPR following the submission of the Perppu; and (iii) the initial session period after the expiration of the maximum time limit for the President to submit the Perppu to the DPR.

An Overview of the Principle of Legality: Common Law VS Civil Law

Annisa Hafizhah, Jelly Leviza, Mulhadi Mulhadi — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Asas legalitas merupakan dasar fundamental dalam penegakan hukum pidana, sehingga diperlukan pemahaman yang mendasar dan mendalam mengenai hal tersebut. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan potret asas legalitas dalam dua sistem hukum utama di dunia, yaitu common law dan civil law. Menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif, data-data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menyoroti perbedaan penerapan asas legalitas di dalam common law dan civil law. Hasilnya, dalam common law, Nulla Poena Sine Lege menjadi rumusan asas legalitas yang pada praktiknya bertumpu pada preseden hasil putusan pengadilan. Sementara dalam civil law, rumusan asas legalitasnya adalah Nullum Crimen, Nulla Poena Sine Praevia Lege Poenali, yang menitikberatkan pada peraturan tertulis dalam berbagai regulasi hukum pidana.

Transfer of Personal Data by E-Commerce Companies: A Study From The Perspective of Indonesian Personal Data Protection Laws

Diva Marischa, Reni Budi Setianingrum — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In the era of globalization, the protection of personal data has become a critical issue in Indonesia, especially within the e-commerce sector. Cases of this nature underscore the significance of safeguarding personal data and enforcing stringent legal measures. This research employs a normative juridical legal study that integrates two primary approaches: the legislative approach and the comparative approach. The research data sources comprise primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials obtained through a comprehensive literature review. The data analysis process is conducted using a descriptive method and applying deductive logic. The growth of e-commerce users in Indonesia has witnessed a significant increase. Law Number 27 of 2022 regulates the principles of personal data protection, encompassing the rights of data owners, transparency, and meticulous data management. While considered positive, a comparison with Malaysian regulations, such as the Personal Data Protection Act 2010, reveals fundamental differences that warrant attention. The implications of the regulation on the transfer of personal data in Law Number 27 of 2022 play a crucial role for e-commerce companies. They must ensure the security of consumers' personal data and adhere to legal principles to maintain consumer trust in an increasingly competitive market.

The Bio-Rights Scheme in The Use of The Sun as a Renewable New Energy Promotes The Availability of Sustainable Electricity Energy Sources

Riska Sasi Yuniar, Fatma Ulfatun Najicha — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Sunlight is an energy that has great potential to support the availability of sustainable power sources. Often in the construction of EBT facilities, the community is hampered by expensive project costs. The study aims to examine the policies that have been drafted by the government regarding the exploitation of solar energy potential in Indonesia, the Regulations and Legislation that form the basis of energy management, as well as to offer alternative solutions related to how the energy management ecosystem scheme is appropriate so that it can respond to the problems of the construction of the EBT project. In the Bio-Rights scheme, indigenous and local communities have an important role to play in the use of solar heat. They have the right to participate in decision-making, benefit from solar heat, and protect natural resources.

Proving the Elements of Fault in the Accountability of the Perpetrator of the Crime of Premeditated Murder

Amir Rachman Rochyana, Siswantari Pratiwi, Mardani Mardani — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The judicial process without primair evidence of the defendant Jessica Kumala alias Jessica Kumala Wongso alias Jess can be sentenced to criminal punishment by tracing a person's motive for committing a criminal offense that results in the loss of life of another person must be responsible for his actions as regulated by Article 340 of the Criminal Code. Normative juridical research using the deductive thinking method of objects analyzed with a qualitative approach, the research refers to the legal norms contained in the legislation. The basis of consideration of the Panel of Judges in imposing punishment on the defendant of premeditated murder in the First Level Decision Number 777/Pid.B/2016/PN.Jkt.Pst. Judges have the right to accept or override the opinion of expert testimony, but it must be based on appropriate reasons, because in exercising their authority, judges must be truly responsible for the realization of truth and legal certainty. In terms of deciding a case, the judge's belief is very important. This is in accordance with the judge's decision in the Jessica case where the judge has his own view of the case where the judge's instinct is very important. The legal perspective on intentionality that results in the loss of life of others as the author has explained is that intent in criminal law is part of guilt. The intent of the perpetrator has a closer psychological connection to an act (which is prohibited) than negligence (culpa).

Examining Community Participation in the AMDAL Preparation Process Post-Job Creation Law Viewed from a Human Rights Perspective

Nadila Safitri, Sahda Saraswati Akbar, Tifanny Nur Yacub — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Since the publication of UU Cipta Kerja, the element of community involvement in the preparation of AMDAL, which is the guidance of corporations in managing the environment, has become narrower. This research aims to analyze the role of the community in preparing AMDAL after the enactment of UU Cipta Kerja and to analyze the environmental impact of companies on fulfilling community rights after the enactment of UU Cipta Kerja. This research uses normative juridical research methods and a statutory approach as well as a conceptual approach. The lack of community involvement in the preparation of AMDAL actually harms human rights because the Indonesian constitution and laws and regulations guarantee that everyone can express opinions, has the right to a healthy living environment, and has the right to be included in policy decision making. The enactment of UU Cipta Kerja itself resulted in a restructuring of AMDAL arrangements which made it easier for business actors and paid less attention to environmental policies and their impact on society.

Implementation of Minister of Environment Regulation Number 7 of 2014 in The Implementation of Additional Criminal For Corporations That Commit Environmental Crime

Nabil Abduh Aqil, Alvi Syahrin, Wessy Triana — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The implementation of PERMEN-LH Number 7 of 2014 as a legal basis for imposing additional penalties for corporations raises problems because the related regulations have weaknesses in implementation, such as: aspects of legal synchronization, overlapping authority, potential legal consequences in the form of lawsuits against unlawful acts and uncertainty in determining the extent of the affected area due to criminal acts that affect the amount of costs incurred by corporations as additional penalties. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze To find out and analyze the implementation of the Minister of Environment Regulation Number 7 of 2014 in several environmental criminal cases. To find out and analyze the legal consequences in the Minister of Environment Regulation Number 7 of 2014 on the enforcement of environmental criminal law in Indonesia. Additional penalties as in Article 119 UUPPLH do not have detailed implementing rules regarding the mechanism of its application. PERMEN-LH Number 7 of 2014 which is often used by law enforcement officials in environmental cases has weaknesses such as: not in sync with Article 119 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management; there is an overlap of authority between the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in terms of environmental restoration; and lack of certainty in calculating the extent of the affected area due to criminal acts. The imposition of additional penalties in the form of repairs due to criminal acts that are converted into a sum of money in Decision Number 256 / Pid.sus / PN Rgt; Case Number: 37 / Pid.Sus-LH / 2018 / PN; Case Number 349 / PID.B-LH / 2019 / PN.Plw has not been able to provide protection for the environment because it is considered non-tax state revenue (PNBP), which is entirely deposited into the State Treasury, thus the funds cannot be used as restoration or environmental improvement funds

Carbon Tax Study As A Social Engineering Tool in Realizing The Agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia

Dina Rahmasari, Salma Amelinda Iskandar, Rio Dwi Prasetiya — Thu, 11 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Meningkatnya emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) menjadi suatu ancaman bagi dunia setelah pandemi COVID-19 mulai terkendali. Dunia berkomitmen untuk menurunkan emisi karbon, tak terkecuali Indonesia. Komitmen tersebut diproyeksikan dalam kebijakan pajak karbon dalam Undang-Undang Harmonisasi Peraturan Perpajakan sebagai instrumen ekonomi lingkungan hidup. Pajak karbon berfungsi regulerend yang dalam hal ini mengatur pola konsumsi terhadap energi tidak terbarukan yang menghasilkan emisi karbon. Fungsi lain pajak karbon adalah menambah penerimaan negara atau menjalankan fungsi budgeter. Pada praktiknya, upaya penerapan pajak karbon menemui suatu dilema. Dilema tersebut dianalisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan perbandingan yang mengkomparasi aturan pajak karbon di beberapa negara, dan pendekatan historis yang menelaah latar belakang dari munculnya peraturan mengenai pajak karbon. Hasil penelitian dalam penulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, masih ditemukan problem regulasi, struktural, dan kultur pada pengaturan pajak karbon di Indonesia saat ini. Kedua, pajak karbon potensial untuk menurunkan tingkat emisi karbon sekaligus memberikan sumber pendapatan bagi negara sehingga berperan bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan diproyeksikan dapat menjalankan misi penurunan emisi karbon pada agenda Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Dispute over the 1974 MoU Box between Indonesia and Australia: How MoU Legally Binding in Two Countries?

Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This study aims to delineate the legal authority of Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) within the jurisdictions of Indonesia and Australia, particularly concerning the resolution of international civil law disputes. The research employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing legal reviews and secondary data for support. The findings reveal that in civil law states, notably Indonesia, MoUs are regarded as binding agreements in accordance with the "Agreement is Agreement" perspective as per Article 1338 (1) of the Civil Code. Conversely, common law states, such as Australia, generally perceive MoUs as non-legally binding. However, an MoU may attain validity and binding status if it fulfills the six stipulated requirements outlined in Australian contract law. To address the dispute surrounding the 1974 MoU BOX between Indonesia and Australia, resolution options include examining international civil law rules based on primary and secondary links or resorting to an international arbitral tribunal.