Anser, M. K., Yousaf, Z., Nassani, A. A., Alotaibi, S. M., Kabbani, A., & Zaman, K. (2020). Dynamic linkages between poverty, inequality, crime, and social expenditures in a panel of 16 countries: two-step GMM estimates. Journal of Economic Structures, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40008-020-00220-6
Atmasasmita, R. (1996). Tindak pidana narkotika transnasional dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia. Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Becker,G.“CrimeandPunishment:AnEconomicApproach”.JournalofPoliticalEconomy,Vol. 76,1968,pp.169–217.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020). Statistik Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan I-2020. Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Indonesia Triwulan IV-2019, 17, 2. https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/02/05/1755/ekonomi-indonesia-2019-tumbuh-5-02-persen.html
Baldwin, R., & Di Mauro, B. W. (2020). Economics in the time of COVID-19: A new eBook. VOX CEPR Policy Portal.
Bonger, W. A. (1982). Pengantar Tentang Kriminologi, PT. Pembangunan Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta.
BPS. (n.d.). Jumlah Populasi Penduduk Indonesia.
BPS. (2021). Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan. https://www.bps.go.id/subject/23/kemiskinan-dan-ketimpangan.html#subjekViewTab3
Chor, F. T., & Md. Darit, S. (2015). Penentu Makroekonomi Kadar Jenayah di Malaysia. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 49(2), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.17576/jem-2015-4902-05
Dumairy. (1996). Perekonomian Indonesia.
Fahrizal, Sarfiah, S. N., & Juliprijanto, W. (2019). Analisis ketimpangan ekonomi provinsi jawa tengah tahun 2008-2017. DINAMIC: Directory Journal of Economic, 1(4), 399–417. http://jom.untidar.ac.id/index.php/dinamic/article/view/803/459
Ghozali, I. (2016). Aplikasi Analisis multivariete dengan program IBM SPSS 23 (Edisi 8). Cetakan Ke VIII. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro, 96.
Gilarso, T. (2004). Pengantar Ilmu Ekonomi Bagian Makro Edisi Revisi. Jakarta, Kanisius.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2011). Econometria básica. ed. Porto Alegre: AMGH.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2012). Basic econometrics. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
Hooghe, M., Vanhoutte, B., Hardyns, W., & Bircan, T. (2011). Unemployment, inequality, poverty and crime: Spatial distribution patterns of criminal acts in Belgium, 2001-06. British Journal of Criminology, 51(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azq067
Ikawati, I. (2019). Dampak pengangguran terdidik ditinjau dari segi fisik, psikis, sosial dan solusinya. Media Informasi Penelitian Kesejahteraan Sosial, 43(1), 1–10.
Jhingan, M. L. (2011). The economics of development and planning. Vrinda Publications.
Karyadi, M., & Soesilo, R. (1988). Kitab undang-undang hukum acara pidana. Bogor: Politeia Bogor.
Kaufman & Hotchkiss, J. (1999). The Economics Of Labor Market. The Dryden Press.
Kementrian ESDM. (2018). Outlook Energi Indonesia.
Khan, S., Murray, R. P., & Barnes, G. E. (2002). A structural equation model of the effect of poverty and unemployment on alcohol abuse. Addictive Behaviors, 27(3), 405–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4603(01)00181-2
Kuncoro, M. (2010). Ekonomika pembangunan: Masalah, kebijakan, dan politik. Erlangga.
Kuncoro, M. (2018). Perencanaan Pembangunan. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Kuznet, S. (1955). THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW: ECONOMIC GROWTH AND INCOME INEQUALITY. American Economic Association, 45(1), 1–28.
Kuznets, S., & Noris, P. (1955). What was true about monarchy more than government [because] the mass of mankind understand it and they hardly anywhere in the world understand any other,”. American Economic Review, 45, 1–28.
Loftin, C., & Parker, R. N. (1985). AN ERRORS-IN-VARIABLE MODEL OF THE EFFECT OF POVERTY ON URBAN HOMICIDE RATES. 23(2).
Mahmud, A. (2019). REKONSTRUKSI PEMIKIRAN SAJOGYO TENTANG KEMISKINAN DALAM RECONSTRUCTION OF SAJOGYO ’ S POVERTY THOUGHT IN CRITICAL AGRARIAN PERSPECTIVES. Bps 2008, 99–111.
Maipita, I. (2014). Mengukur kemiskinan & distribusi pendapatan. Upp Stim Ykpn.
Mankiw, N. G. (2000). The savers-spenders theory of fiscal policy. American Economic Review, 90(2), 120–125.
Mankiw, N. G., Quah, E., & Wilson, P. (2014). Pengantar Ekonomi Mikro Principles of Economics. Jakarta: Salemba Empat.
Mehlum, H., Miguel, E., & Torvik, R. (2006). Poverty and crime in 19th century Germany. Journal of Urban Economics, 59(3), 370–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2005.09.007
Nurkse, R. (2009). Ragnar Nurkse: Trade and Development (Vol. 1). Anthem Press.
Payaman, J. S. (1985). Pengantar Ekonomi Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: FE UI.
Pinjaman, S., & Kogid, M. (2020). Macroeconomic determinants of house prices in Malaysia. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 54(1), 153–165.
Prawidya Hariani RS, & Syahputri, A. R. (2016). Analisis Ketimpangan Ekonomi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Tingkat Kriminalitas di Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ekonomi, 16(1), 77358.
Putong, I. (2008). Teori Pengantar Mikro dan Makro. Jakarta: Mitra Wacana Media.
Rachmawati, T. (2016). Metode Pengumpulan Data dalam Penelitian. Universitas Ciputra, 1, 1–3. http://ciputrauceo.net/blog/2016/2/18/metode-pengumpulan-data-dalam-penelitian
RIZANY, I. (2020). Hak Cipta: Kerangka teori, kerangka konsep, hipotesis, dan definisi operasional.
RS, P. H., & Syahputri, A. R. (2016). Analisis Ketimpangan Ekonomi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Tingkat Kriminalitas di Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ekonomikawan, 16(1), 77358.
Sabiq, R. M., & Apsari, N. C. (2021a). Dampak pengangguran terhadap tindakan kriminal ditinjau dari perspektif konflik. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 3(1), 51–64.
Sabiq, R. M., & Apsari, N. C. (2021b). Dampak Pengangguran Terhadap Tindakan Kriminal Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Konflik. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 3(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkrk.v3i1.31973
Samuelson, P. A. (1966). The collected scientific papers of Paul A. Samuelson (Vol. 2). MIT press.
Sandra, A., Alexandra, H., & Zach, W. (2015). The Effects of Unemployment on Crime Rates in the U.S. Draft, 2000–2010.
Soesastro, H., & Basri, M. C. (2005). The political economy of trade policy in Indonesia. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 3–18.
Spicker, P. (2013). Poverty and social security: concepts and principles.
Sumodiningrat, G. (2007). Pemberdayaan sosial: kajian ringkas tentang pembangunan manusia Indonesia. Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Syani, A. (1987). Sosiologi Kriminalitas. Bandung: Remaja Karya.
Tarigan, H., Simatupang, P., Wahyuni, S., & Maulana, M. (2019). Strategi penanggulangan kemiskinan di pertanian dan perdesaan. Laporan Teknis. Pusat Sosial Ekonomi Dan Kebijakan Pertanian, Bogor.
TheWorldBank.org. (2021). Indonesia _ Data.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2006). Pembangunan Ekonomi/Edisi Kesembilan, Jilid 1 (Alih Bahasa: Haris Munandar dan Puji AL). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic development. Pearson UK.
Wahyudi, D., & R, tri wahyu. (2011). Analisis Konsentrasi Kemiskinan Di Jawa Tengah. Media Ekonomi Dan Manajemen, 23(1), 1–16.
Winarno, W. W. (2017). Analisis ekonometrika dan statistika dengan eviews.
- Abstract viewed - 277 times
- PDF downloaded - 272 times
Affiliations
Saiful Adhi Saputra
Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University Semarang
Wahyu Widodo
Faculty of Economics and Business, Diponegoro University Semarang
The Impact of Poverty, Economic Inequality, and Unemployment on Crime Rates in Central Java Province from 2000 to 2021
Vol 12 No 1 (2023): June 2023
Submitted: Sep 3, 2023
Published: Sep 3, 2023
Abstract
In Central Java Province, this study intends to examine how inequality, poverty, and unemployment affect crime. The panel data regression approach is used in this study. The panel regression coefficient for the variable POV in this study was -1.924016 with a probability value of 0.3494, exceeding the significance level of 0.05. These findings demonstrate that the crime variable in Central Java is not significantly impacted by the poverty variable. The panel regression coefficient for the DISP variable is 297.2485, greater than the significance level of 0.05, and has a probability value of 0.0887. These findings support the hypothesis that the inequality variable in Central Java Province between 2000 and 2021 has no appreciable impact on the crime rate variable. With a probability of 0.1089 and a panel regression coefficient of 5.090524 on the UNEMP variable, it can be concluded that the panel regression coefficient above the significance level of 0.05. Based on these findings, it is clear that the crime variable in Central Java Province between 2000 and 2021 is not significantly impacted by the unemployment variable UNEMP. The amount of poverty, inequality, and unemployment in Central Java Province has no discernible impact on crime