Journal of Health Education

Validity of the Eye Health Literacy Measurement Instrument for Elementary School Students

Dewi Sari Rochmayani — 2023-10-31

Background: Research on eye health among elementary school students in Semarang City showed that 22.5% had refractive errors, 36.3% had unhealthy habits such as looking at smartphone screens for too long and reading distance < 30 cm. This indicates that eye health literacy in elementary school children is still lacking. The study aimed to develop an eye health literacy instrument for elementary school children. The development research design was utilized to develop an instrument for measuring eye health literacy. This process consisted of three stages: preliminary study, development, and testing. A focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted to determine the dimensions and parameters of eye health literacy. Instrument testing was carried out through the assessment of five experts in the field of eye health. Content validity was calculated using the Aiken V formula. The study developed an instrument for eye health literacy consisting of 4 dimensions: 1) knowledge about eye health, 2) access to eye health information, 3) skills to maintain eye health, 4) access to eye health services. The expert validity test using Aiken's V coefficient showed that each item in the eye health literacy instrument was considered as valid (coefficient ≥ 0.92).
Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the developed eye health literacy instrument is proven to have high content validity. It is suggested that further research is needed for the external testing stage.

Social Determinants of HIV/AIDS: a Public Health Perspective

Efa Nugroho — 2023-10-31

Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or commonly known as HIV/AIDS is a disease that is still a problem in many countries, including Indonesia. HIV AIDS cases in Indonesia continue to increase from year to year. HIV cases in Indonesia reached its peak in 2019, which was 50,282 cases. This study aimed to determine the effect of social determinants of health according to healthy people on the incidence of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. The study design in this study uses a literature review to examine knowledge, ideas, or findings in academic-oriented literature. The type of data used is secondary data, namely data from journal articles, and literature reviews about HIV/AIDS. This research was conducted in November 2021. Based on the analysis of the articles collected, according to healthy people, there are several variables that influence the incidence of HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. In Economic Factors there are variables of employment and poverty that affect, on the determinants of education there are variables of early childhood education and development, enrollment in higher education, secondary school education, and literacy. Meanwhile, on the determinants of neighbors and the environment there are variables of crime and violence as well as variables of environmental conditions, and on the determinants of health and health services there are variables of access to health services that affect the incidence of HIV/AIDS.

Road Safety for Motorcycle Users among High School Students

Farah Nabilla Rahmadani — 2023-10-31

Background: Safety riding aims to prevent traffic accidents. The number of traffic accidents in Wonosobo Regency, the age group most frequently involved in accidents is 16-25 years old. Accidents in the 16-25 year age group in 2021 were 34% and will increase to 43% in 2022.
Methods: This research uses descriptive analytical methods with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were students at Mojotengah Public High School 1, totaling 837 students with a sample of 271 respondents. Samples were taken from 3 classes using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire and data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression.
Results: Research shows that there are 3 variables that are statistically related to safety riding: knowledge, perception and driving experience.
Conclusions: Knowledge, perception and driving experience are related to safety riding and can increase safe driving in students by 50.9%.

Determinant of Low Birth Weight in Indonesia (IFLS 5 Data Analysis)

Gisela Habibah Aisyah — 2023-10-31

Background: LBW is a condition where babies are born with a body weight of less than 2500 gr. In 2020, as many as 19.8 million babies (14.7%) of all babies born in the world experienced low birthweight. Based on data from the Maternal and Child Health Profile, the prevalence of LBW in Indonesia from 2020 to 2022 has increased. This study aims to know the determinants of LBW events with IFLS data. Methods: The type of research used was quantitative observational analytic using a cross sectional design, with the data source used was IFLS 5 in 2014. Results: The results showed that after controlling for other variables, the variables associated with LBW events were the number of ANC visits (p = 0.024), the number of children (p = 0.004), hypertension (p = 0.046), CED (p=0.003), pregnancy complications (p=0.003), and education (p=<0.001). Conclusions: Mothers who have visited ANC <6 times, have a >2 child, are diagnosed with hypertension by a doctor, have CED, experience pregnancy complications, and take compulsory education <12 years have a greater chance of giving birth to a LBW baby. The advice for the education office is to ensure that every woman has been educated for at least 12 years to prevent low birth weight.

Implementation of Family Planning Village as an Effort to Prevent Stunting among Children Under Five

Merita Eka Rahmuniyati — 2023-10-31

Background: The prevalence of stunting in Yogyakarta City in 2022 has been successfully reduced to 13.8%. This figure is lower than the national prevalence of stunting, which is 21.6%. The success of reducing stunting is supported by the KB Village program. The research aims to explore the implementation of Family Planning Villages as an effort to prevent stunting in toddlers.
Method: This research uses a qualitative approach. This research was carried out in the KB Village, Purwobinangun Village, Pakem Community Health Center Working Area in October – November 2022. Participants in this research were family planning instructors, health cadres, head of the KB Village, Nutritionist. In-depth interview technique was used for data collection. Data analysis was carried out in stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions.
Results: Efforts to prevent stunting in the KB Village area can be carried out by implementing various stunting prevention activities, such as providing education to the community and providing additional food to stunted toddlers, caring for children through the role of fathers. Encourage cooperation and collaboration across sectors and activity groups. There are obstacles such as not being able to maximize the activities of the Youth Information and Counseling Center (PIK-R) and online reporting due to limited human resources.
Conclusion: The implementation of KB Villages in efforts to prevent stunting has gone well through cross-sectoral collaboration.

Safety Promotion Through Educational Games Media Towards the Knowledge of Primary School Students

Roro Retno Sri Hapsari — 2023-10-31

Background: Primary school students are a group that potentially have accidents, this is due to the character of students who have high curiosity and exploration. A student's understanding of his own safety is inseparable from the cognitive limitations it has. Therefore, it is necessary to promote occupational safety and health to primary school students. This research was conducted to determine the impact of occupational safety and health promotion on the level of knowledge of primary school students.
Methods: This research is a quasi-experimental with non-equivalent control group design. The research sample consists of 222 respondents, but only 126 respondents met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test.
Result: The results shows there is impact of occupational safety and health promotion on the knowledge of primary school students. This can be seen based on the significant difference in the knowledge level of primary school students who received occupational safety and health promotion (p value=0,000<0,05) and there was no significant difference in knowledge in the group that did not receive occupational safety and health promotion (p value=0,849>0,05).
Conclusions: The conclusion finds that occupational safety and health promotion has impact on the knowledge level of primary school students.

Determinants of Pediatric Tuberculosis Patient Recovery in Semarang City

Wita Istiqomah Tristanti — 2023-10-31

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which is the main cause of death worldwide caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium can infect children to adults. According to data from the Semarang City Health Office for 2022, Semarang City is one of the regions in Indonesia that has played a role in realizing national tuberculosis cases with a cure rate that is still far from the global target, namely 78,95% in 2020 and 71,72% in in 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that can affect recovery in pediatric tuberculosis patients in Semarang City.
Methods: The type of research used was analytic observational with a retrospective cohort study design. This study used secondary data from the SEMAR BETUL system from January 2021-September 2022.
Results: The results showed that ownership of the supervisor swallowed the drug (PMO) (p<0.001; AOR= 13.997, 95% CI= 8.728-22.446) and house humidity variable (p= 0.002; AOR= 2.059. 95% CI= 1.290-3.287) effect on the recovery of pediatric tuberculosis patients in the city of Semarang.
Conclusion: It is known that the supervisor ownership variable for ingesting drugs is the strongest factor influencing the recovery of pediatric tuberculosis patients in Semarang City.

The The Effectiveness of Safety Talk and Peer as Change Agent Methods on Clean and Healthy Living Behaviour (PHBS) Based on The Health Promotion Model for Workers in Construction Services

Yasinta Indah Widyaningsih — 2023-10-31

Background: The work environment of construction service companies in Indonesia is still not implementing Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS). The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of health promotion on PHBS in construction workers.
Methods: This study used quasi-experimental with Pretest-Posttest Only Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 1 control group and 2 intervention groups, each with 63 samples taken using purposive sampling. The intervention was in the form of health promotion on PHBS with safety talk and peer as change agent methods for 21 days. Data analysis used Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for univariate analysis, Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test and Mann Whitney for bivariate analysis, and Manova test for multivariate analysis.
Results: The results of the t-test showed a significant difference between PHBS with the health promotion model approach before the intervention between the safety talk and peer as change agent groups and the control group with a p value <0.05. The effectiveness test showed a difference in effectiveness between the safety talk method and peer as change agent on workers' PHBS with a health promotion model approach (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The safety talk method is more effective in improving perceptions of benefits, barriers, self-ability, attitudes towards PHBS activities, interpersonal influences, situations, and commitment to PHBS action plans compared to the peer as change agent method. However, the peer as change agent method is more effective in improving worker behavior compared to the safety talk method.