The Becak Drivers Indramayu in Jakarta 1970-1990

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini membahas sejarah sosial penarik becak Indramayu di Jakarta, pada tahun 1970-1990. Sejumlah masalah pedesaan di Indramayu yang dialami oleh warga Indramayu meliputi kemiskinan, modernisasi teknologi bidang pertanian, lapangan pekerjaan dan musim paceklik. Daya tarik kota menjadi magnet migrasi warga Indramayu ke Jakarta. Penarik becak merupakan pekerjaan sektor informal kota yang banyak mempekerjakan pendatang dari daerah luar Jakarta, termasuk pendatang dari Indramayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yakni heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penarik becak berhasil memperoleh penghasilan tambahan pada kurun waktu 1970-1980an. Memasuki tahun 1985-1990, ada banyak hal yang dialami penarik becak selama di sana, yakni masalah pembersihan becak di Jakarta yang diberlakukan oleh Pemerintah DKI Jakarta, mengharuskan penarik becak kembali ke desa tahun 1990, meski begitu tidak sedikit memilih bertahan mencari pekerjaan lain dan mengikuti aturan yang berlaku.

Abstract: This study discusses the social history of Indramayu becak drivers in Jakarta, in 1970-1990. A number of rural problems in Indramayu experienced by Indramayu residents include poverty, modernization of agricultural technology, employment and famine. The attractiveness of the city has become a migration magnet for Indramayu residents to Jakarta. Becak drivers are an urban informal sector job that employs many migrants from areas outside Jakarta, including migrants from Indramayu. This study uses historical methods, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings from this study indicate that the becak drivers managed to earn additional income during the 1970-1980s. Entering 1985-1990, there were many things that were experienced by the becak drivers while there, namely the problem of cleaning the rickshaws in Jakarta which was enforced by the Government of DKI Jakarta, requiring the becak drivers to return to the village in 1990, even so many chose to stay looking for other jobs and follow applicable rules.